SAM SPENCER

Server Virtualization

Agenda

IntroductionHistoryServer Virtualization SoftwareServer Virtualization HardwareDetermining Server HardwarePros and Cons of Server VirtualizationPros and Cons of Dedicated ServersHyper-V Demo

Introduction

What is Virtualization? Virtualization is the creation of a virtual resource or

device where the framework divides the resource into one or more execution environments

Examples of Virtualization Virtual drives Virtual memory Virtual machines Virtual servers

Why is it popular?

History

1960s Machines Did not scale well Extremely expensive Cost efficiency was desired

IBM-360 Operating System (1964) Virtual Memory

IBM 370 Operating System (1972) Virtual Machines Used in many mainframe environments

Virtualization Software

Microsoft Virtual Server (2005) Came with Microsoft Server 2003 Did not scale well with 64 bit systems Replaced by Hyper-V

Microsoft Hyper-V (2008 & 2012) Hyper-V is short for Hypervisor Free release with Server 2008 and 2012 Best option for Microsoft based virtualization

Hyper-V Architecture

Virtualization Software

VMware (Company) Releases most popular line of virtualization software First company to utilize virtualization on x86

machines Software runs on Linux, Windows, and MAC

vSphere (aka ESX) Costly High overhead

VMware Server Free Not as powerful as ESX

ESX Architecture

Hypervisor

The Hypervisor is the piece of software that enables virtualization

It allows the host machine to allocate resources to guest machines

Hypervisor

Type I versus Type II Hypervisor

Virtualization Hardware

CPU At least one CPU core per virtual machine Having free cores for high stress situations

recommended

RAM No set amount for RAM Estimate minimum amounts of RAM and upgrade

based on performance

Virtualization Hardware

Networking Multiple network cards

required for increased throughput

Measure peak traffic amounts

Network Virtualization

Virtualization Hardware

Storage Local storage on servers is limited Allow for 20% extra storage space for VM files and

server snapshots Storage Networks (highly recommended)

Storage Area Network (SAN) – Large data transfers Network Attached Storage (NAS) – File-based data

storage

Determining Server Hardware

Apache Jmeter Load Testing Stress Testing Data Analysis

Demohttp://jmeter.apache.org/

Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization

Pros Cost

Less physical servers Less server space (consolidation of servers) Less energy costs Less maintenance

Efficient Administration Easier management, management through one machine Single point of failure Smaller IT staff

Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization

Pros Growth and Scalability

Upgrading one server upgrades them all Easy growth Less hardware complications

Security Single server security maintenance Hypervisor software often provides security benefits

Legacy Servers Upgrading servers to a virtual setup from old systems Goes hand-in-hand with scalability

Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization

Cons Slow Performance

High stress on single machine Longer processing times More network bottlenecking

Single Point of Failure Many servers on one host machine Hardware or software failures can be critical Backup servers will need to be setup

Pros and Cons of Server Virtualization

Cons Cost

High initial investment Software licensing costs

Security All servers through one machine

Learning curve Many different types of software Different architecture

Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers

Pros High Performance

All resources on server are dedicated Can handle high stress scenarios

Multiple Points of Failure Easier to identify problems Only one server will fail at a time

Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers

Pros Price

Old servers already exist No long term investments If it’s not broke, don’t fix it

Small Learning Curve Dedicated servers have been around for a long time IT staff will not need to learn any new systems if

dedicated servers already exist

Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers

Cons Price

Long term costs of dedicated servers can add up More applications and services = more servers

Servers not being utilized Servers may not be efficient Even at peak, some servers may not need all resources

Pros and Cons of Dedicated Servers

Cons Lack of growth and consistency

Adding servers for more services and applications Expanding of physical space with servers Software patches and updates will be inconsistent Management can be difficult and inconsistent

Demo

Hyper-V setup demo How to install hyper-v How to set up virtual server on machine How to manage virtual server

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwuyRzAjS1I

References

Grazino, Charles. A performance analysis of Xen and KVM hypervisors for Hosting the XenWorlds Project. Diss. Iwoa State University, 2011. Print. <http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3243&context=etd>.

IBM, . "Mainframes introduction 2." IBM.com. IBM. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_intro.html>.

Kleyman, Bill. "Hypervisor 101: Understanding the Virtualization Market." datacenterknowledge.com. N.p., 01 Aug 2012. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2012/08/01/hypervisor-101-a-look-hypervisor-market/>.

Laverick, Mike. Server Virtualization Basics: The Benefits of Server Virtualization. Newton: TechTarget, 2012. 2-11. Print.

Microsoft, . "Microsoft Announces General Availability of Virtual Server 2005." microsoft.com. Microsoft, 13 Sept. 2005. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/press/2004/sep04/09-13availabilityvs2005pr.asp&xgt;.

References

Microsoft, . "Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2012." microsoft.com. Microsoft, n.d. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/server-cloud/hyper-v-server/default.asp&xgt;.

NetSource, . "Virtualization vs. Dedicated Servers? Not Always Clear." ntsource.com. NetSource, 22 Aprl 2011. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <http://www.ntsource.com/web-hosting/chicago-hosting-news-article.cfm?articleID=17>.

Siebert, Eric. "Sizing server hardware for virtual machines." techtarget.com. N.p., 26 Jun 2008. Web. 29 Oct 2013. <http://searchservervirtualization.techtarget.com/tip/Sizing-server-hardware-for-virtual-machines>.

VMware. (Designer). Traditional Arch vs Virtualiztion Arch [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://www.vectro-networks.com/services/virtualization.php

VMware, . VMware ESX Server: SAN Configuration Guide. 2.5. Palo Alto: VMware, Inc., 2005. eBook. <http://www.vmware.com/pdf/esx25_san_cfg.pdf>.

Microsoft. (2012, May 31). Hyper-v network virtualization technical details. Retrieved from http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj134174.aspx

Apache. (Designer) (2013). Apache jmeter [Theater]. Available from http://jmeter.apache.org/