Session 11Introduction to Robotics and Programming mBot

>_ {Code4Loop};Roochir Purani

RECAP from last 2 sessions3D Programming with Events and Messages• Homework Review /Questions

• Understanding 3D Programming environment, events, and objects. Understanding of Camera movement through the story scene.

• Progress check on Project work and presentation questions.

• In order to perform tasks, a robot needs to be able to know what to do. This means it must be able to think and make decisions.

• In computers, this iscalled Artificial Intelligence orAI.

• What do you think it means tobe intelligent?

• Can you give some examples of intelligentthings?

Introduction toArtificial Intelligence (AI)

• Can you give some examples of things that possess artificialintelligence?

• Let's watch more movie clips thatshow Hollywood's interpretations of artificial intelligence and robotics.

• While you watch the movie clips, think about how Hollywood's version is the same as and different from the definitions we have just been discussing.

Artificial Intelligence (continued)

! Artificial Intelligence (2001)

www.imdb.com/video/screenplay/vi212009753

! This trailer shows a bit about a robot who looks like a boy and provides the opportunity to discuss the possible fine line between a highly intelligent robot and a human.

What makes a boy “real” as opposed to a robot?

Can you compare this story to the classic story Pinocchio?

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

! How is Hollywood's version of robotics the same as what we have discussed here?

! How is it different?

! How is Hollywood's version of artificial intelligence the same as what we have discussed here?

! How is it different?

! How has Hollywood's vision of robotics changed in the last 100 years?

Artificial Intelligence: Discussion

Introduction to Braitenberg Vehicles

• We have discussed that robots need intelligence in order to be controlled.

• We often use the term behavior to describe how the controller works and reacts to its environment.

• There are many, many different ways to design robot behaviors.

• Here we will look at one simple way of defining behaviors, created by a psychologist named ValentinoBraitenberg.

• Valentino Braitenberg described a series of vehicles, from simple to more complex.

• Each vehicle has one or more abstract motors and sensors.

• Here is what a simple "Braitenberg Vehicle" looks

like:

• Its sensors are in the front

• Its motors are on each side

Braitenberg Vehicles (continued)

• In order for a robot to move, there must be physicalconnections (e.g., wires) between the robot's sensors and its motors. These connections can be:

• Positive

• A sensed property has a positive effect on a motor by providing more power in relation to higher sensory input.

• Negative

• A sensed property has a negative effect on a motor by providing less power in relation to higher sensory input.

Braitenberg Vehicles (continued)

• Braitenberg labeled robot reactions in terms that describe how humans react.

• The next slides shows one examples of simple vehicles that Braitenberg created and named:

• "aggression"

• "fear"

• "love"

• "exploration"

Braitenberg Vehicles (continued)

“Aggression” is a vehicle that speeds up as it gets closer to an input source.

Braitenberg Vehicles: Aggression

“Fear” steers quickly away from an input source.

Braitenberg Vehicles: Fear

“Love” is a vehicle that slows down as it gets closer to an input source.

Braitenberg Vehicles: Love

“Exploration” turns away from an input source slowly, as if looking for another source to investigate.

Braitenberg Vehicles: Exploration

Robotics Introduction

• Robots come in different sizes and shapes because of the functions and use that they provide to humans.

• Input Devices: Sensors provide input to the computers.

• Output Devices: LED’s, Display screens, motors, actuators, servo motors

• Processing Unit: CPU is an ARM processor on Arduino Uno motherboard

• Multiple sensors on board : Light sensorSound SensorMultiple LEDs, Button, Buzzer for sounds, Wi-fi Connection to connect to the

One computer

• Next slide shows the main computer picture.

Arduino mBot vehicle onboard sensors and external sensors

! Now you will experiment with an mBot robot vehicle using Programming language Scratch and Robot extension to connect to mBot

! Follow the instructions on the lab worksheet.

! The lab has two parts:

1. Each student identifies the part of the robot including sensors

2. Object collision hands on

3. Each student program the movement to complete the robot

route/journey

mBot Robot Movement : Activity

Scratch MakeBlock mbot Robot commands

Step 1

• Make the robot move forward

at speed 50

• Turn LED Light Green

Robot Programming activity

Step 2

• Make the robot turn left

Step 3

• Make the robot turn right

• Turn LED Light Red

Step 4

• Make the robot reverse

(backward)

• Make sound C4, E4 C4 E4

Step 5

• Make robot read Ultrasonic

sensor values

Step 6 Collision detection and avoidance

• Robot act based on the value

• Move forward

• check for condition –

• If Reading value is < 5, Stop

Step 1, 2, 3

Robot Collision detection and avoidance logic – Flow chart

Robot Programming Object Collision detection and avoidance Step 6

Homework

• Identify 5 different kinds of robots that you may have seen or heard about and identify their function/what they are used for.

• Continue to refine your project and presentation. Setup 1-on-1 time.

Session 11 Extra “How to Present” GuideHints and Tips

>_ {Code4Loop};Roochir Purani

Organizing your presentation

Duration of Presentation: 10 Minute or less per Student

Here are some steps to follow when organizing your project presentation:

• Make sure your project is fully tested and complete.

• Plan to demonstrate how you used the concepts learned in this course.

• If it is a group presentation, plan who will do which parts of the presentation.

• Be clear and Loud so everyone can hear you.

• No hands in the pocket

• Look at Audience (they are all familiar to you, and feel comfortable)

• No Umm’s and Uhh’s Try to avoid these if possible.

• Say Short and Clear Sentences.

Preparing Presentation Guidelines

Create a presentation outline to plan your complete animation project

presentation. : Introduction, Presentation of the project, Conclusions

• Section 1: Introduction

• Introduce yourself. Gain your listeners’ attention.

• Say the theme of the project.

• Give the overview of your project.

• Give the audience a reason to listen to the presentation.

• Say why you picked it and what you liked about it.

• What is the usefulness of the project and may be One or Two features.

Project Presentation Guidelines

• Section 2: Presentation of the project

• Organize the presentation in a logical flow.

• Show all capabilities of your project.

• User screens, navigation, action, menu, help, documentation etc.

• Demonstrate how different course concepts were used in the over project.

• e.g. Use of Flow chart, Screen design (Show printout OR on the Screen)

• If-then-else, Forever loop, variables and data, events and messagestesting, debugging, documentation,

• If possible, include helpful transitions between different topic.

• e.g How does a different scene work? How does user get score, what happens when some events occur?

Project Presentation Guidelines

• Section 3: Conclusion

• Summarize the project in a memorable way.

• Motivate the audience to respond.

• Ask questions :

• Did you like it?

• What would you like to see different?

• Have the audience Try and Share with others!!

• Provide closure.

• Thank the audience for listening.

Thank you!