Setec First Sino-French Conference On Sustainable Urban Transport Systems November 11-14, 2008...

setec

First Sino-French ConferenceOn Sustainable Urban Transport Systems

November 11-14, 2008Shanghaï, China

A Methodology for Sustainable Mobility and Transport Planning Studies

Alain BLOCH / Setec International

setec Independent Engineering Group

www.setec.fr

design…设计 master 控制

setecLe groupe SETEC

Table of Contents目录

A Brief presentation of the Setec Group Why a transport planning study? First phase: data collection and diagnosis Second phase: objectives and general scheme Third phase: tools, planning, programming, phasing Remarks about:

Consultation Modelling Communication

Feasibility Study for a Public Transport Line: a practical example (City of Caen)

3

A Methodology for Sustainable Mobility and Transport Planning Studies


A Brief Presentation of the Setec Group

founded in 1957, the setec group is now one of France’s largest engineering firms; it is completely independent

Setec 集团创建于 1957年，是法国重要的工程集团之一。

in 2008, setec has a staff of almost 1,500 in France and abroad, among them

1,000 engineers

在 2008年，在法国及国外拥有 1500多个合作伙伴。

subsidiaries and branches abroad: Hungary, Iran, Japan, Luxemburg, Marocco, Russia, Tunisia 分别在匈牙利，伊朗，日本，卢森堡，摩洛哥，俄罗斯设立常驻机构。

• annual sales in 2007 (only French subsidiaries): 143 M€

• 2007年营业额为（仅法国分公司）： 1.43 亿欧元

4

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Consulting 评估

Design 设计

Supervision of Works

工程指挥

Assistance to the Owner

协助程承包人

transport economy & mobility 经济与交通

transport systems 运输系统

infrastructures 基础设施

buildings 建筑物

industry 工业

water and waste 水处理和垃圾处理

environement 环境保护

project management 项目管理

strategy, organisation 城市的战略，结构安排

urban and transport planning 规划，发展

telecommunications & Ict 远距离通讯及Ntic

intelligent transport systems 远程交通运输

for

Ranges of Services 业务领域

5

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Major projects 大型项目

Transport and infrastructures交通运输与基础设施Environement 环境Urban planning 规划Building 建筑Industry 工业Telecom 电讯

Economie des transports 交通经济Ligne à Grande Vitesse Rhin-Rhône 高速线路莱茵河至罗纳

Systèmes et équipements 系统及设备Déplacement et transport routier en Ile de France 大巴黎区的交通

Transports en commun urbains 城市公共交通Tramway de l’Agglomération Orléanaise 奥尔良城市及郊区轻轨

Infrastructures fluviales, maritimes et aéroportuaires 江河 , 沿海及航空港的基础设施Extension du port de la Condamine à Monaco 摩那哥的孔达米纳的密集型港口

Infrastructures ferroviaires 铁路基础设施Ligne ferroviaire Lyon-Turin 里昂至都灵的铁路线

Tunnels 隧道Autoroutes (A43, A87, A89,...)高速公路(A43,A87,A89…)

Ponts et routes 桥梁与公路Viaduc de Millau Millau 高架桥

Tunnel sous la Manche 英法海底隧道

6

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Major projects大型项目

Déplacements urbains 城市交通Déplacement et transport routier en Ile de France 大巴黎的交通和公路交通

Aménagement urbain 城市规划Ville nouvelle de NORTH BAHRAIN 北 BAHRAIN 新城

Déplacements urbains 城市交通Plan de déplacements urbains de l’ile-de-France (Paris)大巴黎区的城市移动图

Déplacements urbains 城市交通Révision du PDU de l’agglomération toulousaine 修正后的图卢兹城市及郊区的 PDU

7

Transport and infrastructures交通运输与基础设施Environement 环境Urban planning 规划Building 建筑Industry 工业Telecom 电讯


8

Transport Economics交通经济

Design / Building of infrastructures工程设计 / 基础设施建筑

Rolling Stock / Equipments 车辆设备

Systems系统

Tramway des Maréchaux (Paris) 巴黎轻轨Tramway in Orléans 奥尔良轻轨 Tramways in Paris area 巴黎郊区轻轨

Urban Public Transport 城市公共交通

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Urban Public Transport 城市公共交通

9

Traditional metros: Marseille, Lyon, Paris (Eole, Meteor) 传统地铁：马赛，里昂，巴黎（ Eole, Meteor)

Automatic metros: Val de Lille, Toulouse, Rennes, SAT de Roissy 自动化地铁： Val de Lille, 图卢兹 , Rennes, SAT de Roissy

Light Metro Systems (Tramway): Paris City and Paris Suburb, Caen, Nantes, Nancy, Nice, Orléans, Rouen, Strasbourg, Toulon, Valenciennes

轻轨：巴黎及巴黎区，卡昂，南特，南锡，尼斯，奥尔良，BRT: Val de Marne, Rouen, Douai, Lyon, Cannes…专用道巴士：

Urban transportation Plans and Sustainable Mobility Policies: Ile-de-France (Paris), Monaco, Toulouse, Le Mans, Tours, Pau…城市交通规划：大巴黎，摩纳哥，图卢兹，图尔．．．

Intermodal nodes: Nantes, Cannes, Vannes, Ile-de-France交通中转枢纽：南特，冈市，大巴黎．．．

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Région parisienn

e

Région parisienn

e

Valenciennes

Rouen

NancyCaen

Toulon

Nice

Orléans

Nantes

Études préalables / Expertises

项目预科研 / 评估

Maîtrise d’œuvre

项目设计总承包

Assistance à Maîtrise d’Ouvrage

甲方技术协助顾问ToulouseToulouse

Projets TCSP réalisés en France 在法国的快速公交项目


Études préalables / Expertises

项目预科研 / 评估 Tram Maréchaux Est Tram Maréchaux Ouest Bus en site propre RN 305 Tram Noisy-le-Sec / Val-de-Fontenay

Maîtrise d’œuvre

项目设计总承包 Tramway des Maréchaux Est Tramway T2 Prolongement à Bezons Tramway sur pneu CVV Tramway Villejuif / Athis-Mons Tramway SDEV (Tram Y) TVM Prolongement Ouest

~ 45 km de ligne

Projets TCSP réalisés - IDF 在大巴黎的快速公交项目

大巴黎


Modelling 交通模型

12

Model “City of Paris” 巴黎公路交通模型 Model “France” 法国公路交通模型

Model “Caen LV” 卡昂市公路交通模型Model “Caen PT” 卡昂市公交模型

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Transport Modelling

13

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Tools and methodologyA Practical Guidebook for Urban Modelling for CERTUNew software for the French Road Administration

Urban and regional modelsCaen, Marseille, Reims, Toulon ,Toulouse area (multimodal models)Paris, Lyon, Bordeaux (road models)Tokyo, Varsovie, Dakar (road models)

Intercity modelsPassenger traffic: National Multimodal Model for the French Railways (RFF), numerous High-Speed Lines in France (multimodal), Gibraltar tunnel between Spain and Marocco (multimodal), numerous road traffic models for motorways in France and abroadGoods traffic (multilodal): Lyons-Torino, Canal Seine-Nord Europe


Setec in China setec 在中国的项目

Opéra de Pékin (calcul des structures) 国家歌剧院 (结构计算 )

14

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Why analyzing mobility?

15

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Methodology: Why a transport planning study?

Chinese Cities: an exponential growthVery important infrastructure works in a very short timeHow to define a consistent transport system?How to build an harmonious urban development and a sustainable

transport system?

Analyzing mobility enables to answer various questions and problems:Strategy, PlanningProgrammingEstimate of economical and financial profitabilityDesign of networksEnvironmental impact (noise, air pollution, greenhouse effect)


16

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Methodology: 3 phases

Phase 1: Data Collection and Diagnosis

Phase 2: Definition of Objectives and General Concept

Phase 3: Tools and Plan of Action / Programming

Then Special Studies about the various proposed actions.For instance, a Public Transport Project


Aims

17

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Methodology / Phase 1: Data Collection & Diagnosis

Getting an overall photo, and if possible, a dynamic analysis of the transport situation in a city in order to understand:

the socio-economic dynamic (population and employment growth, location of urban extensions, car ownership…)

how each mode works and their relation with urban developmentthe volume and the structure of the tripsthe dynamic of traffic: modal split, growth for each mode

Identifying the dysfunctions and the inconsistencies of the transport system

Data to be collected (documentation, statistics, surveys)Maps, aerial photos,

Physical (including ITS) and service characteristics of all transport networks

Urban planning existing documentation and projectsLocation and characteristics of specific traffic generatorsSocio-economic data (population, employment, car ownership…)Transport surveys (household surveys – see special training by CERTU -,

counts, origin-destination, car parking, travel times, location of congestion…)Safety data (accidents)Environmental problems…


Examples 1:socio-economics

18

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Strong population growth / suburban sprawl²

Car ownership increases with the distance to the

centre


Examples 2:structure of trips

19

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


The household survey makes appear the main problems to be solved

A more accurate analysis of the household survey shows that inside four areas in the suburb half of the trips stay inside each of these areas


Examples 3:use of metro

20

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Modal Split 2004 2007 2004 2007

All modes Mechanical modes

Walk 23.0% 23.1%

Bikes 4.9% 5.6% 6.4% 7.3%

Car passenger 13,1% 12.0% 17.0% 15.6%

Car driver 49,6% 47.0% 64.4% 61.1%

Public transport

9,4% 12.4% 12.2% 16.1%

TOTAL 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

The opening of a second metro line has got a huge impact upon modal split…

However, only 35-40% of the population is served by metro


Example 4: transport costs

21

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Because of suburban sprawl and intensive car use, the biggest part of transport costs is paid by households

households

companies

public authorities

private carpublic transportation

actors

TCVP

fi. publics

entreprises

ménages

0,0

5,0

10,0

15,0

20,0

Md€

mode

acteurs

contributionsau financement desmodes de transport

mécanisés

Distribution of financing

mechanical modes in Paris area

households

companies

public authorities

private carpublic transportation

actors


Type of questions to be answered by local leaders

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Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Methodology / Phase 2: Objectives and general cpncept

What urban development within 20 years? Volume and location of population and employment?Type of town planning (dense, spread, one or several centres,

mixed or specialized – population, employment - areas…) ?

What place for each mode (car, public transport, walk, bike…) in the various areas of the City?

What role for car in the centre?

What use for the various rings (if any)?

What objectives in terms of emission of greenhouse effect gas?

Who has to pay for transport?


Constraints to be taken into account

23

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Methodology / Phase 2: Objectives and general cpncept

Functional: some measures may produce bad effects

Time: concrete actions must be decided quickly why some measures need long time

Money: of course!

People: the transport policy must be acceptable


Type of possible schemes (for the various modes separately and combined)

24

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Radial?

Radio-concentric?

Networking?

Methodology / Phase 2: Objectives and general concept

1 change, long trips

1 or 2 changes, short trips

1 change, short trips


4 main types of complementary tools

25

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Methodology / Phase 3: Tools, planning, programming…

1. Long-term actionsConsistent transport & town planning policies

2. Orientating the transport demandTransport masterplan (city, firms)E-ways of lifeTolls (infrastructures, areas…)Car parkingMultimodal ticketPublic transport fareAction for walk and bikeCarless spacesControl and punishment

3. Improving transport services– Intermodal nodes– Improving PT services– Ticketting/Information– Dynamic management of road– Carpooling, carsharing…– Taxis…

4. Developing transport supply– Metro, tramway, BRT, bus– Roads– Using railways for urban trips


Some tools: Town Planning

26

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Town Planning is the first lever to be used in order to master or reduce car using :

Consistence between transport masterplan and town planning At the scale of local area developments

The town planners have to consider Density vs urban sprowl Mixed areas (housing and activities) vs specialized areas One center or several hierarchized centers


27

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology



Some tools: Use the modes complementarity

28

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


RER

Voitureparticulière

Vélo

de

ns

ité

distance

Transport à la demande

Autopartage

Marche à pied

CovoiturageTrain

Véhicule de location

Taxis

Bus

Vélo en Libre

service

Pédibus

Métro

Tramway

Modes individuels Modes individuels publics Modes collectifs


Some tools: Developing Public Transport

29

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


At City scale Developing complementary networks Organizing intermodal nodes Finding financing sources

At area scale Sharing space Multimodal information

At individual scale Fighting poor image Comfort, safety, price...


Some tools: Levers to master road traffic

30

Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Developing a car parking policy Easy and efficient ☺ Discrimination by time ☺ But sometimes unpopular ☹ Difficulty to master private car parking ☹

Urban toll Flexible ☺ A financing source ☺ Discrimination by money ☹ Difficult and expensive to operate ☹


Some tools: Developing « light » modes (Walk, Bike)

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Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


At City scale Developing long-distance routes (continuity) Reducing urban breaks, defining a network

At area scale Thinking of pedestrians and bikers (cyclists) Sharing public space Creating short ways for pedestrians and bikers

At individual scale Fighting poor image Health


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Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology


Planning Long-term scheme General orientation

Programming Medium-term programme Pluri-annual financing

Phasing Adaptation to transport needs Adaptation to financial capabilities


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Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Methodology / Remarks

Consultation Various authorities must find a concensus Public consultation: compulsory in France (PDU)

Modelling A support decision toolEnables evaluation (carbon assessment)

Communication Necessity to explain policies Acting upon individual behaviours


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Presentation

Range of Services

Our references

Methodology

Methodology / Remarks

Why modelling traffic and mobility?

Choices are made by politic leaders who need a decision support toolComplex phenomena, now and in the futureImportant impact of investments upon people life and public financesA model enables to know the sensitivity to various parameters

A model is necessarely schematic but it must not be a caricatureMust be based on reality (importance of field surveys) Must be transparent (data, assumptions)Must be considered as a tool used with critical thinking

A model is not a simple software but a complex process, including:Data basesMathematic formula Computer toolsUrban and socio-economic analysis and assumptionsCritical analysis of results, risk analysis

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Setec First Sino-French Conference On Sustainable Urban Transport Systems November 11-14, 2008...

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