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Sex comparisons among science faculty at Hunter College

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Sex comparisons among science faculty at Hunter College. Department perceptions, social networks, and procedural knowledge. Hunter College Gender Equity Project & Provost’s Office 2007 Science Faculty Survey. Background. Hunter does well in gender equity with respect to major outcomes - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Sex comparisons among science faculty at Hunter College Hunter College Gender Equity Project & Provost’s Office 2007 Science Faculty Survey Department perceptions, social networks, and procedural knowledge
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Page 1: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Sex comparisons among science faculty at Hunter College

Hunter College Gender Equity Project& Provost’s Office2007 Science Faculty Survey

Department perceptions, social networks, and procedural knowledge

Page 2: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Background

Hunter does well in gender equity with respect to major outcomes

Female and male faculty in the sciences fare similarly in salary tenure and promotion awarding of distinguished

professorships and named chairs

Page 3: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Background But outcome fairness is not the primary

predictor of how people perceive fairness overall in their institutions

Two other types of fairness play more important roles interactional fairness1 – how respectfully

people are treated on a day-to-day basis procedural fairness2 – clear and well-

justified policies

1. Bies, R.J. & Shapiro, D.L. (1988). Interactional fairness judgments: The influence of causal accounts. Social Justice Research, 1(2), 199-218

2. Lind, E.A & Tyler, T.R. (1988). The social psychology of procedural justice. NY: Plenum

Page 4: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Purpose of Science Faculty Survey

Examine subtle measures of interactional and procedural fairness

college life

department life

professional networks

resource allocation and responsibility

Page 5: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Demographics

52% of science faculty completed the consent form (101/195)

46% of science faculty provided information about their sex (89/195)

49% of science faculty who responded were women (38/77) and 35% were men (41/118)

Page 6: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Demographics (Cont.)

Women Men

Assist. Assoc. Full Assist. Assoc. Full

Natural Science

Pop. N

SFS N

11 6

42

2410

107

166

458

% in SFS sample

55 50 42 70 38 18

Social Science

Pop. N

SFS N

105

127

168

63

135

2812

% in SFS sample

50 58 50 50 38 43

BiologyChemistryComputer Sci.GeographyMath & Stat.Physics & Astro

AnthropologyEconomics Political Sci. Psychology Sociology

Page 7: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Results

College Life

Department Life

Professional Networks

Resource Allocation and Responsibility

Page 8: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

College Life: Importance of teaching

1

2

3

4

5

Self Colleagues Chair Administration

En

do

rsem

ent

Men (N=34) Women (N=34)

Page 9: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

College Life: Importance of research

1

2

3

4

5

Self Colleagues Chair Administration

En

do

rsem

ent

Men (N=36) Women (N=39)

Page 10: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

College Life: Importance of committee work

1

2

3

4

5

Self Colleagues Chair Administration

En

do

rse

me

nt

Men (N=31) Women (N=32)

Page 11: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

College Life

Male and female science faculty

equally find a great deal of personal meaning in their work

Women=4.72 (.44); Men=4.62 (.50)

are equally identified with Hunter College

Women=3.52 (.94); Men=3.86 (.85)

1 = Strongly Disagree; 3 = Neutral; 5 = Strongly Agree

Page 12: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

College Life

Male and female science faculty have similar judgments about their

ability to spend enough time on the aspects of work that they find most important

Women=2.63 (.98); Men=2.68 (1.02)

satisfaction with the Offices of Facilities Management & Planning

Women=2.89 (.85); Men=3.18 (.80)

1 = Strongly Disagree; 3 = Neutral; 5 = Strongly Agree

Page 13: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Example: I receive/d enough feedback on my progress toward tenure/promotion.

College Life:

Satisfaction with tenure and promotion

1

2

3

4

5

Men (N=33) Women (N=35)

Sex

En

do

rse

me

nt

t(1,66) = 2.29, p = 0.03

Page 14: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Example: Generally speaking, I am very satisfied with my current job.

College Life:Job Satisfaction

1

2

3

4

5

Men (N=38) Women (N=39)

Sex

En

do

rsem

en

t

t(1,75) = 1.84, p = 0.07

Page 15: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

College Life Summary

Compared to men, women are less

satisfied with tenure and promotion processes

satisfied with their jobs

Page 16: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Department Life

Male and female science faculty are similarly neutral about their department chairs

Women = 2.89 (.85); Men =3.18 (.80)

equally report feeling respected in department meetings

Women = 3.74 (.70); Men = 3.93 (.44)

report having similar influence over what happens in their departments

Women = 3.28 (.73); Men = 3.22 (.85)

1 = Strongly Disagree; 3 = Neutral; 5 = Strongly Agree

Page 17: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Department Life:

Inclusion & Belonging

Example: I feel like I “fit” in my department.

1

2

3

4

5

Men (N=35) Women (N=36)

Sex

En

do

rse

me

nt

t(1,69) = 2.89, p < 0.01

Page 18: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Department Life:Collegiality

Example: Communication is good among the people in my department.

1

2

3

4

5

Men (N=39) Women (N=39)

Sex

En

do

rse

me

nt

t(1,76) = 3.10, p < 0.01

Page 19: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Example: There are people in your department who have used influence to support your advancement.

Department Life:Support

1

2

3

4

5

Men (N=33) Women (N=38)

Sex

En

do

rse

me

nt

t(1,69) = 1.78, p = 0.08

Page 20: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Example: When I make a request it is completed in full.

Department Life:Evaluation of Department Staff

1

2

3

4

5

Men (N=35) Women (N=34)

Sex

En

do

rsem

en

t

t (1,67) = 3.14, p < 0.01

Page 21: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Department Life Summary

Men report more and women report less

sense of inclusion and belonging

collegiality

support from colleagues

satisfaction with department staff

Page 22: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks:Talk to chairs

72% of men and 84% of women report talking “almost never” about teaching

75% of men and 82% of women report talking “almost never” about research

92% of men and 95% of women report talking “almost never” about tenure and promotion

Page 23: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks:Talk to faculty outside Hunter College

39% of men and 35% of women report talking “at least once a week” about research

65% of men and 73% of women report talking “almost never” about teaching

89% of men and 95% of women report talking “almost never” about tenure and promotion

Page 24: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks:Talk to undergraduate students

45% of men and 49% of women report talking “at least once a week” about teaching

56% of men and 41% of women report talking “at least once a week” about research

Page 25: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks:How often do you talk about teaching with Hunter faculty?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Men (N=40) Women (N=39)

Sex

% A

gre

eAlmost never/ Once or twice a semesterOnce or twice a monthAt least once a week/ Almost every day

χ2 = 11.43, p < 0.01

Page 26: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks:How often do you talk about research with Hunter faculty?

0

20

40

60

80

100

Men (N=40) Women (N=40)

Sex

%

Ag

ree

Almost never/ Once or twice a semesterOnce or twice a monthA tleast once a week/ Almost every day

χ2 = 5.21, p = 0.07

Page 27: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks Collaborate on grants or research with

chairs

66% of men and 80% of women report having never been asked by their chair to collaborate

91% of men and 90% of women report never asking their chair to collaborate

Collaborate on grants and research with colleagues 61% of men and 56% of women report having been

asked to collaborate with colleagues more than once

39% of men and 53% of women report having asked colleagues to collaborate more than once

Page 28: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks:How much recognition do you get for teaching?

1

2

3

4

5

From Administration From Chair From Colleagues

Rec

og

nit

ion

Men (N=32) Women (N=32)

Page 29: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks:How much recognition do you get for research?

1

2

3

4

5

From Administration From Chair From Colleagues

Rec

og

nit

ion

Men (N=34) Women (N=32)

Page 30: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks:How much recognition do you get for committee work?

1

2

3

4

5

From Administration From Chair From Colleagues

Rec

og

nit

ion

Men (N=33) Women (N=31)

Page 31: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Professional Networks Summary

Compared to men, women

talk about teaching and research with colleagues less often

equally ask and are asked to collaborate on grants and research with chairs and colleagues

report less recognition for teaching, research and committee work

Page 32: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Resource Allocation and Responsibility

I receive the amount I need to advance my work.

1

2

3

4

5

Office Space Lab Space TAs Course load

En

do

rsem

en

t

Men

Women

Page 33: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Resource Allocation and Responsibility

I learned about rules and procedures from...

0

20

40

60

80

100

Colleagues Chair On own I still don'tunderstand

What rulesand

procedures?

% A

gre

e

Men

Women

Page 34: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Rules and Procedures Summary

Men and women are equally satisfied with the office and lab space they receive and are equally dissatisfied with the amount of TAs and course load they receive

Rules and procedures for distributing resources and responsibilities in departments are more transparent to men than to women

Page 35: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Overall Summary:Areas of equal satisfaction

Male and female science faculty equally

find teaching, research and committee work to be important

find a great deal of personal meaning in their work

identify with Hunter College

feel respected in department meetings

influence what happens in their departments

ask and are asked to collaborate on grants and research with chairs and colleagues

Page 36: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Overall Summary:Areas of unequal satisfaction

Compared to men, women

are less satisfied with tenure and promotion

are less satisfied with their jobs in general

report less inclusion, collegiality, and support in their departments

have less discussion with Hunter faculty about teaching, research, and committee work

report less recognition for teaching, research, and committee work

Page 37: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Recommendations

Administrators, chairs, and senior faculty should:

solicit and listen equally to everyone’s views and opinions

create settings that encourage colleagues and department chairs to interact with each other

justify, clarify, and codify department rules and procedures for the distribution of resources and responsibilities

nominate faculty for awards and prizes and publicize faculty achievements

Page 38: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Soliciting views and opinions

At all meetings, make sure that all ideas are solicited and are equally carefully considered:

circulate agendas before department meetings and ask faculty for additions

consider having facilitators, on a rotating basis, to ensure that all voices are heard

if someone tries to express an idea in a meeting and is interrupted or ignored, make sure that that person’s opinion is given time

Page 39: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Create opportunities for professional networks

Hold brown bags and luncheons in which faculty can discuss their research, teaching, and service

Assign space so that faculty with similar interests can easily interact

Have a chair or a senior colleague reach out to faculty who seem alienated or marginalized

Page 40: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Why it matters

People need the components of interactional fairness

a sense of inclusion influence a voice which is heard

People perceive organizations to be more fair when the components of interactional fairness are in place

Page 41: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Clarify rules and procedures

Spell out policies and procedures in clear, unambiguous terms

Chairs, senior faculty, and administrators should be approachable, available, and willing to answer questions about policies and procedures

Create and distribute specific written guidelines to all faculty regarding tenure and promotion and rules and procedures for distributing resources and responsibilities

Page 42: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Why it matters

People need the components of procedural fairness

knowledge about how resources and responsibilities are distributed and the justifications

knowledge about how the tenure and promotion process works and the justifications

Page 43: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Awards and achievements

Nominate faculty for awards and prizes

Publicize faculty awards, prizes, grants, and other achievements

to other faculty within department

to dean, provost, and president

Page 44: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

Why it matters

Recognition by colleagues improves individuals' attachment to institution

Page 45: Sex comparisons among science    faculty at Hunter College

End


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