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SEXUAL TRANSMITTED INFECTIONIntroduction

Genital ulcer-Syphilis-Chlamydia-Genital herpes

Urethral discharge-Gonococcal urethritis-Chlamydial urethritis

Genital wards

Conclusion

OutlineDefinition:STD/ VD/ STI is the illness that have significant probability of transmission b/w humans by means of human sexual behavior.

INTRODUCTIONBacterialChancroid(Haemophilus ducreyi)Chlamydia(Chlamydia trachomatis)Gonorrhea(Neisseria gonorrhoeae)Granuloma inguinale or (Klebsiella granulomatis)Syphilis(Treponema pallidum)FungalCandidiasis(yeast infection)ViralViral hepatitisHerpes simplex(Herpes simplex virus)HIV(Human Immunodeficiency Virus)HPV(Human Papillomavirus)Molluscum contagiosum(molluscum contagiosum virusMCV)ParasitesCrab louse, colloquially known as "crabs" or "pubic lice" (Pthirus pubis)Scabies(Sarcoptes scabiei)ProtozoalTrichomoniasis(Trichomonas vaginalis)

CauseThe first reported cases of HIV/AIDS in Malaysia were in 1986. Since that time, there are now over 86,000 reported cases of HIV infections in Malaysia, and over 13,000 people have died from AIDS as of December 2009.

Everyday, 15 Malaysians are diagnosed HIV positive.

70% of new HIV infections are found in adults aged 20-39 (reproductive age).

91% of people living in Malaysia are men.

Infections transmitted through heterosexual intercourse has increased (19% - 26.8%) in 2003 - 2008.

HIV positive women has been increasing as well. In 2000, 9.5%, 10.8% in 2004, and 19.1% in 2008.

(Ministry of Health Malaysia)EPIDEMIOLOGYThe commonest STD was gonorrhoea accounting for 65.5% of the cases, followed by syphilis (15.1%), NGU (9.7%), genital herpes (2.7%), chancroid (1.5%) and mixed infections (4.7%).

(Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UM)

Incidence rate (per 100 000 population) of communicable diseases such as:

YearHIVGonorrhea InfectionsSyphilis (All Forms)199920.8010.3011.70200023.006.007.70199920.8010.3011.70200023.006.007.70200326.973.294.27200425.713.063.84200523.422.063.44200621.881.903.06

Unprotected sex

Multiple partners

Early age of sexual onset

Alcohol or drug abuse

Having an STI

Living in community with high prevalence of STIRISK FACTORSTHANK YOU