Shadows of the Gilded Age

Immigrants and Native Americans in the late 19th Century

Life as an Immigrant

• How the Other Half Lives

• How the Other Half Lives: Studies among the Tenements of New York (1890) was an early publication of photojournalism by Jacob Riis, documenting squalid living conditions in New York City slums in the 1880s. It served as a basis for future "muckraking" journalism by exposing the slums to New York City’s upper and middle classes.

• Ex: Thoroughly Modern Millie

Golden Spike Ceremony at Promontory Point,

Utah 1869

Chinese Labor during the Gilded Age

• California Gold Rush (1848-1855)• Competition forced immigrants into

enclaves- ex: San Francisco

• Workingman’s Party of CA- Denis Kearney

• “The Chinese Must GO!”

• Chinese Exclusion Act 1882• Prohibits all immigration of Chinese

laborers

• Scott Act 1888• Prohibits re-entry

Effects

• Commercial human smuggling

• China Boycotts US goods (1904-1906)

• Cuts US exports in half

• Immigration Act 1924• Restricted #’s to 105 Chinese/year

(yippee!)

• Scapegoats—Japanese• National Origins Act 1924- banned

immigration from E. Asia entirely

Life as a Native American

• Assimilation- American education, language, clothes, and no compensation for upkeep of schools

• Reservations- Given rations that other Americans were only given during times of war

The “White Man’s Burden” in the West

Battle of Little Big Hornhttp://

www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/battle-of-the-little-bighorn/videos

• Threat= Ghost Dance Spiritual Movement

• Dawes Plan• Break up Indian lands and

register individuals to dissolve identity

• Forced assimilation and “blood” descent

• Dawes Act 1987• Authorized federal survey and

division of Indian lands

• Curtis Act 1898• tribal govt’s no longer recognized

• 1934 Indian Reorganization Act• Indians could reorganize and form

their own govt’s

Wounded Knee

• http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/wounded-knee

• Last major confrontation against Plains Indians

Cartoon Analysis

• http://blogs.baylor.edu/nativeamericantreatment/editorial-cartoons/

Photo Analysis

• http://blogs.baylor.edu/nativeamericantreatment/photos/