Shale Gas Play

8/2/2019 Shale Gas Play

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HALE A PP RT NI TYHALE A PP RT NI TY

(Next Resouces???)(Next Resouces???)


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The defini t ion of as shale is understood in USThe defini t ion of as shale is understood in US

CompleteComplete geochemistrygeochemistry and laboratory analysis are definit ely required t oand laboratory analysis are definit ely required t o

confirm the arameter of as shale otent ialconfirm the arameter of as shale otent ial

One (1) D Basin Modeling are needed to check t he gas shale matur it yOne (1 ) D Basin Modeling are needed to check t he gas shale matur it ydistributiondistribution

Seismic int erpret ation approach are also required to complet e andSeismic int erpret ation approach are also required to complet e and

establish the gas shale play map, and also t o make prospect s priori t yestablish the gas shale play map, and also t o make prospect s priori t y

I t is an expensive project but ..I t is an expensive project but ..

,,


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SHALE GAS

Schlumberger Illinois , 2007


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CHARACTERI STI CS OF SHALE GAS



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CHARACTERI STI CS OF SHALE GAS

CORECORETHIN SECTIONTHIN SECTION

SEMSEM



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GAS SHALE PLAY : unconvent ional resources


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Biogenic Gas : f ormed at shallow depth and low temperature byanaerobic bact erial decomposit ion of sediment ary organic mat ter

Thermogenic Gas : f ormed at high depth and t emperature by t hermal

crackin of oil int o as


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What I s Gas Shale Play ?

TOC r ichOvermature

condition


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GAS CONTENT

In shale reservoirs, gas is stored in three ways :

as free gas within the rock pores (1) and natural fractures (2)

as adsorbed gas on organic material (3)

These different storage mechanism affect the speed and efficiency of gas

production

Determination of gas content has relied on desorption studies of core and

cutting samples by onsite or laboratory test

OGI P = Free Gas + Adsorbed Gas


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TECHNOLOGY :Hydraul ic Fractur ing

Shales are so t ight t hat gas t ypically

flow s only through fr actures

Barnett Shale

Fracing is used t o init iate production

in low er perm eabilit y reservoir and

rest imulate production in older w ells

I n many cases, flow from rest imulati on

has increased to in it ial rat es or, to

Restimulation

w ell had previously experienced

Well : Mitchell Energy 2 Boyd Townsite


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TECHNOLOGY : Hor izontal Dr il l ing

Gas shale play reservoi r are much more

extensive in horizontal dim ensions than in

ver ca .

I n area w here lit hologic barrier is thin or

absent, horizontal dr illing i s much more

effective than vert ical

Mult i w ells from a single pad have cheaper

.


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GAS SHALE BASI N OF THE US

Marcellus500 TCF

Haynessville245 TCF

ew s97 TCF

20 tcf

Fayetteville20 TCF

Barnett20-252 TCF

Woodford4 TCF


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GLOBAL SHALE GAS RESOURCES POTENTI AL


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I mage Log (Format ion Micro I mager)

Example of an image log from a horizontal Barnett well. In adition to the natural fractures

(labeled), a large drilling-induced fracture can be seen running along the axis of theborehole (dashed line).


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GAS SHALE DI STRI BUTI ON

Maturit y MapI sopach Map St ructure Map

Gas shale map is combinat ion bet w een isopach map of source rock and m atur it y m ap.

Maturi t y map of Barnet t shale doesnt reflect isopach map due t o complex t hermal historyThere is hydrot hermal event associated w it h Ouachit a Thrust and Mineral Wells fault s


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COMPARI SON OF US GAS SHALE PLAYS

Several prerequisites assumption :

1. Avera e TOC : 4 - 12 wt%.

2. Maturity Window : dry gas or

overmature condition

3. Minimum Ro: 1.3%.

4. Average Net Thick. : 100 FT.

5. Located in inversion zones for

cheaper costs


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GAS SHALE LOG FEATURES (1)

Green Point ShaleGreen Point Shale

Backgroundresistivity

Gas peak 1.6%

Gas peak 5.78%

Several wells shows : Hi h GR shale High resistivity

High gas reading in streaks


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Barnett Shale Lew is Shale


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MATRI X PERMEABI LI TY



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PRODUCTI ON PREDI CTI ONmu ator or natura y racture s a es



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UEP of Source RocksUEP of Source Rocks PotentialPotential(Petroleum System Study(Petroleum System Study Medco Libya)Medco Libya) MEDCOENERGI

T ShaleT Shale

(45.7 mmbeo/km2)(45.7 mmbeo/km2)

AW ShaleAW Shale


Th ShaleTh Shale


M ShaleM Shale



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ToolBox Calculation Method (Source Rocks)ToolBox Calculation Method (Source Rocks)

Hydrogen Index (HI)Hydrogen Index (HI) Total Organic Content (TOC)Total Organic Content (TOC)

TT AwAw ThTh MM

Hydrogen Index (HI)Hydrogen Index (HI) Total Organic Content (TOC)Total Organic Content (TOC)

TT AwAw ThTh MM


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Summary of Toolbox CalculationSummary of Toolbox CalculationMEDCOENERGI

T Shale

(45.7 mmbeo/km2)


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CONCLUSI ON

1. (Therm ogenic) gas shale play is gas accumu lation in shale source rock.

2. Gas shale play characterized by large areal ext ent , large HC in place,

absence of t ru ly dry holes, high cost and high t echnology.

3. Gas shale play prerequisit es assumpt ion : (a) TOC is 4 12 wt % ,

(b) overmature condit ion - min. maturit y is 1.3% Ro, (c) net t hickness is

100 f t , and (d) located in inversion zone for cheaper cost .

3. Gas shale stored in 3 w ays : as fr ee gas in f ractures and pores, and as adsorbed

gas on m ineral surf ace. OGI P is accum ulat ion of t hese w ays.

4. Hydraulic fracturing and horizontal w ells are t he most import ant t echnology in

gas shale play.

5. Gas shale play has t remendous resources but not f or t he faint of heart or

t he thin of w al let.


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EACH PLAY I S UNI QUE

BUT AT EARLY STAGE


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QUESTI ONS ?

Date post:	05-Apr-2018
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Shale Gas Play

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