Wireless Data Services In Cdma2000

ByMohammed Yousuf Shareef

St Id#220326

Introduction

Cdma-Code Division Multiple Access. Spread Spectrum technique using Direct Sequence i.e.

each data bit is represented (spread) by multiple bits in transmitted signal.

Cdma2000-multi carrier mode Cdma It supports data rates both circuit and packet switched of

9.6kbps to 2 Mbps. Operates in wide range of environments

Outdoor Mega cells(cells 35km radius) Outdoor macro cells(1-35 km radius) Indoor/outdoor micro cells(1km radius) Indoor/outdoor Pico cells(<50-m radius)

Contd… Cdma2000 can be deployed in

Indoor/Outdoor environment Wireless Local Loops Vehicular Environments Mixed Vehicular & Indoor/Outdoor Environments

Cdma2000 services support Overlay configuration Backward compatibility to TIA/EIA-95B signaling &

network Graceful & gradual upgrade from 2G to 3 G systems Common channels with an underlay TIA/EIA-95B

system during transition periods

Contd…

CDMA 2000 is a radio and network access system that is part of the IMT-2000 (ITU) specification suite of 3G systems.

Goals of IMT-2000:Global Standard. High Speed Packet Data Services:

2Mbps for stationary use. 384kbps for pedestrian use. 144kbps for vehicular use.

3G applications enabled by CDMA 2000: Packet based services like, wireless Internet, e-mail,

ecommerceand multimedia, location based services,

longer battery life.

Evolution Of Wireless Technologies

Wireless Technologies1G Analog based cellular

technology Services

Voice2G Digital technologies Services

Voice Low rate data

3G Services

Voice High Speed Data

1St Gen

2G

3G

Evolution Of Wireless Technologies

CDMA 2000 enables migration from and seamless backward compatibility tocdmaOne 2G to 3G without fork-lifting the legacy system.

CDMA 2000 migration path: CDMA 2000-1X (1xRTT)

Currently available. Incorrectly considered 2.5G. First version of CDMA 2000 by Qualcomm. 144kbps data rate and 1.5 times the voice capacity.

1xEV-DO (HDR) Evolution of 1x to provide high data rate only, over a

separate carrier. 2.4Mbps downstream and 300kbps upstream.

Evolution Of Wireless Technologies

1xEV-DV Evolution of 1x to provide high data rate and voice

capacity. 5.2Mbps.

CDMA 2000-3X (3xRTT) Conceptual phase. Use of a new 3.75MHz (3 x1.25MHz) spectrum.

CDMA Advantage

GSM is discrete with no forward and backward compatibility

CDMA terminals are fully forward and backward compatible.

Approximate Download time for 3 minute mp3

 

Network Max.Data Rate Download timeGSM 9.6Kbps 41 minutesIS95-A CDMA 14.4Kbps 31 minutesGPRS 45Kbps 9 minutesIS95-B CDMA 64Kbps 6 minutesCDMA 2000-1X 307Kbps 1.5 minutesWCDMA 384Kbps 61 secondsCDMA2000 1XEV-DO 2.4Mbps 11 seconds

CDMA 2000 Forward Link

CDMA 2000 Forward Link

Spreading Rates SR1 (1.2288Mcps) and SR3 (3xRTT).

Nine forward link radio configurations RC1 - RC9.

Each RC is characterized by physical layer parameters such as different modulation and coding.

RC Max. Data Rate Code Rate SR1 9.6kbps 1/2 SR12 14.4kbps 1/2 SR13 153.6kbps 1/4 SR16 307.2kbps 1/6 SR19 1.036Mbps 1/3 SR1

CDMA 2000 Forward Link

New Common Channels: 7 Forward Common Control Channels (F-CCCH)

Signaling and MAC messages. 8 Forward Broadcast Control Channels (F-BCCH)

Paging messages. - Specifically for CDMA2000 mobiles to reduce load on

cdmaOne channels. Forward Common Auxiliary Pilot Channel (F-CAICH)

Used to generate spot beams in a particular area (hot spot). 3 Forward Quick Paging Channels (F-QPCH)

Indicator to the mobile to wake up for a message on the paging channel. Useful for conserving battery during idle time.

4 Forward Common Power Control Channels (F-CPCCH) Used to control the reverse access channels.

CDMA 2000 Forward Link

Dedicated Channels: cdmaOne: Forward Fundamental Channel (F-FCH)

Primarily for voice, but may carry data up to 14.4kbps. IS-95B (2.5G): Up to 7 Forward Supplemental Code Channels

(F-SCCH) per user Strictly for data traffic supporting either RC1 or RC2.

Multiple channel aggregation: 9.6 - 115.2kbps. New Dedicated Channels:

Forward Dedicated Common Control Channel (F-DCCH) High-priority data traffic, such as data re-transmissions.

Up to 2 Forward Supplemental Channels (F-SCH) per user Also only for data, but supports RC3 through RC9.

CDMA 2000 Reverse Link

CDMA 2000 Reverse Link

New Common Channels: Reverse Enhanced Access Channel (REACH). Reverse Common Control Channel (RCCCH).

Used to provide more reliable and power efficient access.

Dedicated Channels:cdmaOne: Reverse Fundamental Channel (R-FCH).IS-95B (2.5G): Up to 7 Reverse Supplemental Code Channels (R-SCCH)per user.

New Dedicated Channels: Reverse Dedicated Control Channel (R-DCCH). Up to 2 Reverse Supplemental Channels (R-SCH) per user.

Reverse Pilot Channel (R-PICH) Improves reception at the receiver. Power control bits multiplexed (at 800Hz) for forward link power

control.

Packet Data Call

Packet Data Call a)In Origination Message, MN requests packet data

service (can also request supplementary services likefax over circuit.)

b) BSC acknowledges. c) BSC sends Service Request message to MSC. d) After authentication, MSC sends channel Assignment Request message. e) Forward and Reverse channel assignment procedures (same as (e) thru (j)). f) A9-Setup-A8 message to PCF to establish A8 connection. g) Procedure for establishing A10/A11 connection between

PCF and PDSN (R-P interface). h) PCF transmits A9-Connect-A8 message to BSC. i) BSC transmits Assignment Complete message to MSC. j) PPP connection establishment procedure and Mobile IP

registration procedure initiated.

3G Network Architecture

Contd… IP Mobility

Ability to move with an IP address while the connection using the IP address is active

IP Mobility may be provided by a combination of “RAN mobility” and “CN mobility”

Radio Access Network IP mobility Handoff/handover Cell selection/reselection

Core Network IP mobility Mobile IP, GPRS

Cdma2000 Network Architecture

AAA: Authentication, Authorization and Accounting

FA: Foreign Agent GR: Gateway Router HA: Home Agent PDSN: Packet Data Serving

Node

Cdma2000 packet Data Network Architecture

Cdma2000 Layering Structure

Upper Layer Services Voice End User data bearing services Signaling

Lower Layer Link Access Control(LAC) Media Access Control(MAC)

Contd…

LAC manages point to point communication channels MAC provides 3 functions

Media Access control state Best Effort Delivery Multiplexing & QOS control

Cdma2000 Layer Structure Layer functions

Signaling Control Data Services Voice Services Mac Control states Qos Resource Allocation Multiplexing Coding & Modulation

Packet Data Mac Operation States in Cdma2000 &TIA/EIA-95B

Contd…

Active State Traffic,PC and control channels assigned

Control Hold State PC and Control channels assigned Very fast traffic channel reassignment

Suspended State No Dedicated Channels Fast traffic Channel Reassignment RLP state may be maintained PPP state maintained Slotted sub mode

Contd…

Dormant State No dedicated channels No BS,MSC resources PPP state maintained Short data bursts

Channel Bandwidths and Data rates supported by Cdma2000

RF Bandwidth(MHz)

Forward data rates(kb/s)

Reverse data rates(kb/s)

1.25 1.2-307.2 1.2-307.2

3.75 1.2-1036.8 1.2-1036.8

7.5 1.2-2073.6 1.2-2073.6

11.25 1.2-2457.6 1.2-2073.6

15 1.2-2457.6 1.2-2073.6

Services Of CDMA2000 Networks

Short Message Services (SMS) low cost/high value services increased network traffic higher profits and greater customer loyalty Message Over IP-SMS Over-the-Air Services E-Mail Distribution

Unified Messaging: The end-user can send, retrieve and manage e-mail,

voice mail and fax mail with one subscription, to one service, provided by one operator.

 

AAA Services cdma2000 networks AAA Services of Cdma2000 Networks

Migrate from a “one size fits all” model to personalized services Package premium services for both residential and corporate

users Collect detailed usage information for flexible billing options Track resource usage in real time for guaranteed access and

access control.

AAA consists of three key functions: Authentication – recognize the user Authorization – enforce access controls and deliver services Accounting – track users’ usage of network resources

Vendors Of Cdma2000

cdma2000 (3GPP2) Vendors

Qualcomm Lucent Nortel Motorola Samsung, Ericsson, …

Operators Sprint PCS Verizon , KDDI, SKT…

Conclusion

A brief overview of wireless data services has been presented New Channels Of Forward and Reverse channel specifications

of cdma2000 is shown. Network Architecture Of Cdma2000 has presented Various wireless data services like

SMS Unified Messaging AAA Services of cdma2000 networks

References

Wireless Network evolution by Vijay K.Garg. “cdma2000:A Third generation radio transmission

technology”,Bell Labs technical Journal ,sept.1998. TIA/EIA IS-2000-3 “Medium Access Control Standard for

cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems,”Nov.1999. Douglas N.Kinsley, Sarath Kumar, Subhasis Laha, and

Sanjiv Nanda,”Evolution Of Wireless Data Services IS-95 to cdma2000”

Technology Primer AAA Services for Cdma2000 Networks, Bridge Water Systems