FABRICATION OF SHELL AND TUBE TYPE CONDENSER

Introduction Objects & advantages of condenser Lay out of steam condensing plant Types of condenser Explanation about shell & tube condenser Selection of material Properties of material Parts required

A steam Condenser is a closed vessel into which the steam is exhausted, and condensed after doing work in an engine cylinder or turbine.”

Steam condenser is a device in which the exhaust steam from the steam turbine is condensed by means of cooling tower.

The primary object is to maintain a low pressure so as to obtain the maximum possible energy from steam and thus securing a high efficiency.

The secondary object is to supply pure feed water to the hot well.

It reduces temperature of the exhaust steam, and thus more work can be obtained.

Reuse of condensate as feed water for boiler reduces the cost of power generation.

The temperature of the condensate is higher than that of fresh water therefore the amount of heat supplied per kg of steam is reduced.

Boilersteam

Steam turbine

Water inlet

Water Outlet

Condensate outlet

Jet condensers or Mixing type condenser Surface Condensers or Non-mixing type

condenser.

Parallel flow jet condenser, Counter flow or Low level jet condenser, Barometric or High level jet condenser, Ejector condenser.

Shell & tube condenser Evaporative condenser. 

Among all those types we have decided to make design, fabrication & assembly of shell & tube type surface condenser.

The coolant water passes through a system of condenser tubes. They are positioned in the main shell.

Steam is admitted to the top of the condenser & is removed as condensate from the bottom having condensed at the surface of the water tubes.

Cooling water flows in a bottom & out at the top of the condenser.

Inlet & exit in this case both at the same end of the condenser & hence water makes two passes through a condenser.

-:Assembly Drawing Of Condenser:-

For fabricating & assembly of condenser we have basically selected two types of material. Copper

Mild steel

Excellent Resistance to corrosion Non magnetic properties Moderate to high hardness and strength High thermal and electrical conductivity Can be easily polished Very good machinability Ease of forming alloys with other elements

like Zn ,Sn, Al, Pb, Si, Ni etc.

It is weldable. It is durable. It is hard. Poor resistance to corrosion Less brittle

Shell Tubes Flange Coupling Nut & bolts (STD) Gasket

Copper tubesshell

flange

Nut & bolt