van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 1

Short and Long Radio BurstsShort and Long Radio Bursts

Maurice HPM van Putten

Le Studium Chair d’Astrophysique

Le Studium IAS

Université d’Orléans

Binary mergers as ``naked inner engines” to short and long GRBsBinary mergers as ``naked inner engines” to short and long GRBs

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 2

Outline

Radio-bursts and GRBs from rotating black holes

Comparison with HETE-II and Swift data

Long duration bursts from mergers with Kerr BHs

Comparison with BATSE light curves

Conclusions and Outlook

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 3

Stellar mass transient: 5 ms extragalactic radio burst

Lorimer et al., 2007, Science, 318, 5851

if not instrumental !(Gilles Theureau, 2008, priv. comm.)

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 4

Stellar mass transients: GRBs

1967 Discovery by Vela (US) /Konus (USSR)

1992 BATSE Catalogue

1997 Redshifts by Beppo-Sax

1997 Afterglows by Beppo-Sax

2005 Afterglows to short bursts by HETE-II

2003 Long GRBs with SN: HETE II GRB030329/SN2003dh (confirmed GRB980425/SN1998bw)

2006 Long GRB without SN: Swift event GRB060614)

Present: IPN, HETE II, Swift, GLAST/Fermi

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 5

Black Holes with Spin

Spin- energy and frame dragging

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 6

Schwarzschild

ISCO ISCO

Kerr

Orbits of any size

Newton

Orbital motion in flat and curved spacetime

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 7

Magnetic Flares (“Corona Ejections”) as X-ray sources

X-ray line-emission by fluorescence

RB

Fabian, 2005, at KerrFest

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 8

After Fabian 2005 KerrFest

Iron line-emissions

Splitting + beaming + gravitational redshift

4keV

Doppler line-splitting, Newtonian

energy

flux

R B

Tanaka et al. 1995

MCG-6-30-15

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 9

Tanaka et al. 1995 Iwasawa etal. 1996

line emission in MCG-6-30-15 (Seyfert I in a low state) observed by ASCAαK

B

R

B

R

Compact ISCO by frame-dragging

Kerr

Schw

arz

schild

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 10

Hp aMMa ≥>≥ 2

Spin – Energy

Kerr BHs can radiate

conform the Rayleigh criterion

22

2

1sHspin IfE Ω=

(Van Putten 1999,2008)

erg 7

104)/(sin )4/cos(

)2/cos( 54

×≤⇒==

sun

spinsM

MEMaf λ

λλ

)2/(cos4 22 λπMSH =Bekenstein- Hawking Entropy

Bekenstein 1973; Bardeen et al. 1973;

Hawking, 1973, Strominger & Vafa 1996

Penrose (1969)

Active Nuclei from spinning black holes

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 11

Angular momentum coupling to Riemann curvature

“Unfortunately, in practical situations it is so

weak that nobody has ever found any significant

application for it.” Thorne, Price & McDonald

(1986) p156

dba

abcdc uuJRF *2

1=

JdsJEr

ω=×= ∫∞

Riemannvan Putten, Il. Nuov. Cim. 2005

ϕeAJ ±=

cm2 1/cm2

Papapetrou 1956

Blanchet, OSUC Mass Motion 2008

force

Line integral

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 12

[ ] Hr VVA~

∞

A

UHECR Linear accelerator

Relativistic capillary effect

bounded by 2 Alfven surfaces

(``Blandford-Znajek limit”)

Stable against pair-cascade,

nearly charge-free

[ ] HVV H =θ0

Approx zero potential drop

Outflow by relativistic capillary effect Van Putten 2008

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 13

1-10 Myr Transiet source during spin-down of SMBH

GBB

TT

MMM

T

MMB

E

E

AGN

Solar

k

B

5

5

7

7

9

9

7

995

10

yr, 10

,10

04.1

15

1

)disk(

)eremagnetosphtorus(

×=

×=

×=

≈

⇒

≈

Van Putten & Gupta (2008), submitted

Van Putten & Levinson (2003)

AGNT7~ 0.1-1 (1-10 million years), based on 31 FR II Radio Galaxies

O’Dea C.P. et al. (2008)

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 14van Putten et al., PRD (2004)

eV15.0G107

103

2

16

22

×≈ H

Sun

HH

B

M

MV

θ

Energetic output in leptonic jet

( )( )

( )

γγγγ

γ

ϕγ

ϕ

ω

ω

ETEEEkEc

EE

cckekETEcc

LLTcE

eAJJEEcE

p

p

p

pHF

p

∝⇒≅∝

∝

∝

==→ΩΩ∝

==

===

−

2/1

90

2/140/21

2/3

1

7.0

2/1

21

2/12/1

9012

22

F902

1

;2005)Hutter -Juntof&(Eichler

2004) al.et (Ghirlanda

2~,,

1987 al.et Thorne 1977, Znajek & Blandford 1969;Julian &Goldreich ,AΩ

,

Gamma-rays by dissipation of kinetic energy in ultra-relativistic baryon poor in internal shocks Shemi & Piran 1990, Rees & Meszaros 1992,...

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 15

Pearson coeff: 0.85

Pearson coeff. 0.76

Correlation to HETE-II and Swift data

van Putten, 2008

γETE p ∝2/1

90

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 16

Van Putten Science 1999

Van Putten & Ostriker ApJ L 2001

van Putten & Levinson ApJ 2003

A common inner engine to long GRBs with & without SNe

GRB030329/SN2003dh GRB060614

Topology of black hole – torus formation

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Bi-modal distribution in durations from slowly and rapidly rotating BHs

ΩH < ΩISCO

ΩH > ΩISCO

T90 viscous timescale of BH spin-down (by horizon Maxwell stresses)

T90 hyper-accretion (accelerated by shedding of

angular momentum in

magnetic winds)

Van Putten & Ostriker 2001

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 18

van Putten, Science (1999)

van Putten & Ostriker ApJL 2001

van Putten & Levinson ApJ 2003

van Putten & Levinson, Science (2002)

PSR + -

PSR

Ω+ Ω−

BH

Ω H

PSR PSR

Ω=0

asym

ptot

ic in

fini

ty

Spin-up Spin-down

Suspended accretion state by powerful spin-connection

Topological equivalence to pulsar magnetospheres when viewed in

poloidal cross-section

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 19

[ ]( )

( ) ( )

/2tan2

1

2

)2/tan(,

11

6,0;1,323/2

:)23(213

2

3

21 :ISCOat momentumangular andenergy Specific

;)(3),)(1)((1)-(11

))2)(3((33:) (rel. ISCO theofPosition

1-

1

2

2

2

2

1

2112

23

23

21

21

31

31

31

21

+=ΩΩ

=⇒=Ω+

=Ω

====≤≤

−+=−=

+=−+++=

++−−+=

ληλ

azMazM

zazMal

zlz

e

ZaZaaaZ

ZZZZzM

H

THT

Equations of BH spin-down in suspended accretion

( )

( )

Ω−−=

Ω−−=

H

H

edt

dJ

edt

dM

η

ηη

1

1 2

Bardeen et al.1972

Van Putten 1999

Van Putten, 2008

Balance of E

Balance of J

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 20

Model light-curve compared with 2 normalized GRB light curves

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 21

Matched Filtering to BATSE light curves of long GRBs

Van Putten & Gupta, 2008, under review

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 22

Matched Filtering with Kerr and Block-type template

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 23Van Putten & Gupta, 2008, under review

Van Putten, in Orleans School of Mass and Motion in GR (2008)

Matched Filtering to BATSE light curves of long GRBs

van Putten - PSR Workshop 2008 24

Conclusions and Outlook

Binary mergers of neutron stars and BHs

produce an energetic (``explosive”) events with a bi-modal distribution of durations

similar to those of GRBs in the BATSE catalogue from systems with BH angular

velocities smaller and larger than that of the ISCO

As a ``naked inner engines”

are intrinsically radio-loud: energy output in magnetic winds from the accretion

disk is about 1e52 erg for long bursts, and less for short bursts.

Binary mergers in low-density host environments

Radio emissions from the magnetic winds may be un-absorbed and detectable

Outlook

Archive searches in radio may reveal long-duration counterparts to the Lorimer at

al. 2007 event

(would make aspherical radio-loud Ib/c in CC-SNe)