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TIMP
FORMA FORMARE EXEMPLU UTILIZARE MENTIUNI
Prezent
Simplu
Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S +vb+(-s, -es/pers.III,sg)
S + don't/doesn't + vb
Do/Does + S + vb ?
I always go to school in time.
He doesn't work every day.
Do you like pizza?
- In autumn, it rains very much.
- She likes ice cream better than
cakes.
- If it rains, we will stay at home.
-We will finish the work before he
comes.
-actiuni obisnuite, care se
mtampla in mod regulat, dar
nu neaparat in momentul
vorbirii;
-adevarari sau realitati
general acceptate;
-exprima opinii, preferinte
all the time, always,
every day (week,
month, year, etc),
most of the time,
often, usually,
sometimes, rarely;
-Tn actiuni viitoare,
cand este precedat
de if when, until as
soon as, before,
after
Prezent
Continu u Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S + to be + vb-ING S + to be + not + vb-ING To be + S + vb-ING ?
! Timpurile contimine sunt
forme care apartin registrului
oral, limbli vorbite si sunt
rar folosite in regis trul scris!
I am going to school now.
He is not working now.
Arc you loving pizza?
- He is writing a new book.
-More and more perople from
Mexic are learning English. -Are
you doing anything interesting these
days? -My sister is always wearing
my clothes!
-Your English is improving!
- Why are you eating my ice cream?
-actiune care se afla în plina
desfasurare in momcntul
vorbirii;
-actiune care este in
desfasurare in prezerit, dar
nu se intampla exact tn
momentul vorbirii
-tendinta sau actiune care a
debutat recent,
-actiuni dintr-un prezent
mai lung, dar temporal",
-actiuni de lunga durata sau
obiceiuri -pentru situatii
care se schimba;
-pentru a te plange de o
situatie temporara
now, in this moment;
- numai vcrbclc
dinamice au forma
continuua;
- vb statice (de
perceptie,senzafie
activit. mental a,
relatie, posesie:
believe, realise,
think, suppose,
understand,see
know, hate, love
understand, own
mean,need, hear) ! -
vb to like -fara
forma continuua
Prezent
Perfect
Simplu
Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S + have/lias +vb (-ed, forma a
Ill-a)
S + haven't/hasn't + vb -ed sau
forma a Ill-a)
Have/has + S + vb (-ed sau forma
a III-a) ?
People have pointed the planet.
I haven't done my homework yet.
My parents have just arrived.
- actiune petrecuta si
incheiata intr-un moment
din trecut ce nu paote fi
precizat; cu rezultate ce se
vad in prezent;
- actiunc carc s-a incheiat
recent;
- actiune trecuta, parte a
unui proces neincheiat tnca;
- cu adverbe de
frecventa:
always,
sometimes, often,
etc;
- just, yet
- la intcrogativ sc
foloseste adverbul
already pentra a
sublinia uimirea;
Prezent
Perfect
Continu u
Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S + have/has + been + verb-
TNG
S + haven't/hasn't +been + vb-
ING
Have/has + S + been + vb- ING?
The boys have been playing football
since noon.
I haven't been gone for long.
Have you been working until now?
- actiune care a inceput tn
tecut și continua in prezent
- cu prepozitii
temporale since, for,
until
Trecutul
Simplu
Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S + vb-ED (vb. regulate)
S + vb (forma a II-a pt vb.
neregulate)
S + didn't + vb (inf. scurt) Did + S
+ vb (inf. scurt) ?
I played tennis last year. She will not has been reading this book by tomorrow. She didn't wash the dishes. Did you finish the homework?
-fapte si realitati din trecut;
actiuni repetate -actiune
care s-a desfasurat si s-a
incheiat intr-un moment
trecut determinat,
precizat;
- cu adverbe de timp:
in the morning, the
day before yesterday,
last night (month,
etc);
Trecutul
Continuu Afrm.
S + was/were +vb-ING
While my brother was listening the
radio / I was reading a book
-acțiune fn desfasurare intr-
un moment din trecut
-cu while -this time
yesterday,
Neg.
Inter.
S +wasn't/waren't + vb-ING Was/were + S + vb-ING ?
When the teacher explained, he
wasn't paying attention.
Were you sleeping at this time,
yesterday?
- They were playing, talking and
laughing during the class.
-actiune care se desfasoara
concomitent cu o alta
actiune;
-pt a descrie o scena din
trecut.
-Monday at this
hour, etc
Trecutul
Perfect
Simplu
Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S + had + vb (ed, forma a Ill-a)
S + hadn't + vb (-ed,forma a III-a)
Had + S + vb(-ed, a III-a forma)?
I had come home before my mother
arrived from office.
She hadn't finished her work before
midnight.
Had you gone to the airport?
- actiune care s-a petrecut
inantea unei alte actiuni din
trecut.
- before
Trecutul Perfect
Continuu Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S + had + been + vb-ING
S + hadn't + been + vb-ING
Had + S + been + vb-ING ?
I had been writing a letter for 20
minutes.
She hadn't been gone more dian half
an hour.
Had you been learning all night?
- actiune care s-a desfasurat
continuu pe o perioada de
timp si s-a incheiat inaintea
unui alt timp.
- since, for
- all day (night,
year; etc)
Viitorul
Simplu
Aff.
Ncg.
Inter.
S + shall/will + vb(inf.scurt)
S + shall not/ won't +
vb(inf.scurt)
Shall/will + S + vb(inf. scurt) ?
TO BE GOING TO...(pt
planuri, intentii)
I shall visit Paris next week.
She will not (won't) go to her cousin
next Friday.
Will you come tomorrow?
-actiuni care vor avea loc
intr-un moment din viitor;
predicții,promisiuni,
invitatii, oferte, cereri
-interogafii despre viitor,
planuri ale aetiunilor
viitoare.
tomorrow, the day
after tomorrow, next
year; etc
Viitorul
Continu u
Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S + shall/will + be + vb-ING
S + shall not/will not + be + vb-
ING
Shall/will + S + be + vb- ING ?
I shall be flying at this hour
tomorrow.
He will not be living here next year.
Will they be reading books this time
in the week-end?
-actiune viitoare in plina
desfașurare intr-un moment
din viitor
Viitoml
Perfect
Simplu
Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S + shall/will + have 4- vb (ed.
forma a Ill-a)
S + shall not/will not + have + vb
(ed, forma a ITT-a)
Shall/will + S + have + vb (ed,
forma a Ill-a) ?
I shall have finished the exam by this
time next Wednesday.
He will not have gone to work by the
time you arrive home.
Will you have gained the money by
February?
-I think I will have finished my
homework by 7 o'clock.
-pt. a sublinia o actiune care
care va fi terminata intr-un
moment al viitorului
-by
- dupa think, hope,
expect, pt. a exprima
intamplari din viitor
care nu sunt prea
sigure
Viitorul
Perfect
Continu u
Afirm.
Neg.
Inter.
S + sliall/will + have + been + vb-
TNG
S + shall not/will not + have +
been + vb-ING
Shall/will + S + have + been +
vb-ING ?
I shall already have been turning old
when you will be 20.
She will not has been reading this
book by tomorrow.
Will you have been starting the
coursc when I will finish my
classes?
!! In engleza moderna
forma shall este f. putin
utilizata!
! Cea mai des folosita in
engleza vorbita si serisa e
forma prescurtata '11!
- already
VERBELE CARE NU SE CONJUGĂ LA TIMPUL PROGRESIV/CONTINUU sunt verbele care exprimă stări
sufleteshti,gânduri,opinii,atitudini ( feel , think , believe , trust , insist , let , want , apologise , advise , agree ,
refuse , state , end , finish ,etc.), precum și verbele modale sau care se comportă în anumite situații ca verbe
modale (can, may , must , need , shall , will)
De obicei NU se folosesc la prezentul continuu verbe din următoarele domeniile:
PERCEPȚIE: see (vedea), hear (auzi), notice (observa), smell (mirosi), taste (gusta), feel (simți,pipăi)
GÂNDIRE: think { that } (gândi {că}), consider { that } (considera că), feel (simți,pipăi), understand (înțelege), know
(ști,cunoashte), realize (reliza), suppose (presupune,trebui), believe (crede), remember (a și aminti), recall
(reaminti cuiva, ca și " remind "), expect (aștepta la,să), appreciate (aprecia,evalua,prețui,crește în valoare)
SENTIMENTE: want (vrea), wish (dori), desire (a{-și}dori), like (place), hate (urî), dislike (a{-i}displace), care (a{-i}
păsa), refuse (refuza), forgive (ierta), mind (a{se}supăra), adore (adora), hope (spera), intend (intentziona), agree
(a fi de acord)
STĂRI ȘI CALITĂTZI PERMANENTE ALE OAMENILOR SAU OBIECTELOR : be (fi), belong (aparține), own
(avea,poseda), have (avea), contain (conține), include (include), comprise (cuprinde), weigh (cântări), measure
(măsura), cost (costa), resemble (semăna), consist (a fi format din), require (cere,solicita), need (avea nevoie)
ALTELE : concern (privi pe cineva/ceva), matter (avea importantză,conta), mean (însemna), seem (a{-i se}
părea{cuiva ceva}), appear (apărea), keep (păstra,respecta,continua să), disappear (dispărea)
Dintre acestea, unele verbele (care de obicei nu se folosesc la prezentul continuu) fac excepție de la regulã și se
conjugã la acest timp atunci când au urmãtoarele înțelesuri:
A VIZITA CEVA/PE CINEVA,A CONDUCE PE CINEVA pt.verbul " SEE " (vedea): I'm seeing my fellow at railway station
(mi-am condus camaradul al garã); she is seeing me in this afternoon / she make me a visit in this afternoon
A SE GÂNDI LA CEVA/CINEVA pt.verbul " THINK " (gândi): I am thinking about my exams (mã gândesc la examele
mele); what are you doing right now ? I am thinking (ce faci chiar acum? - mă gândeam)
A ASHTEPTA,A FI ÎN CURSUL UNEI ASHTEPTÃRI pt.verbul " EXPECT " (ashtepta): she is expecting a baby (ea
shteaptã un copil)
A SERVI/A LUA MASA pt.verbul " HAVE " (avea): I am having dinner (iau cina)
A SUSTZINE/A DA UN TEST pt.verbul " HAVE " (avea): I'm having a test tomorrow (mâine dau un test)
A FACE pt.verbul " HAVE " (avea): I am having a bath / a shower now (fac o baie/un dush acum)
A SE COMPORTA pt.verbul " BE " (avea): you are being rude today (te-ai comportat nepoliticos astãzi)
A MIROSI/A ADULMECA pt.verbul " SMELL" (mirosi): I'm smelling the soup so that I find out what it is made of
(miros supa ca sã îmi dau seama din ce e fãcutã)
A GUSTA pt.verbul " TASTE " (gusta): I am tasting a cake; wow , what delicious it is ! (gust o prãjiturã;vai,ce
delicioasã e!)
A PIPÃI pt.verbul " FEEL " (simtzi,pipãi): I am feeling this fabric to see if it is made of silk (pipãi tzesãtura ca sã vãd
dacã e fãcutã din mãtase)
=============================================================================================
VERBELE CARE SE CONJUGĂ LA TIMPUL PROGRESIV/CONTINUU sunt verbele care exprimă mișcare sau
schimbare [ move , come , become , change , charge , pass , go , set , sit , stand , lay (asheza), lie (culca), do , make
get , run , rain, blow , snow, shine , remove , increase , rise , raise , fall , grow , improve , begin , start ,etc.]
127
VERBS AFTER WE PUT THE NEXT VERB WITH " -ING" (verbele dupa care punem verbe terminate in " -ing" sunt acelea care cer, in varianta romaneasca., infinitivul de forma "de a face/facerea" , celelalte cer infinitivul lung de forma " to do care in varianta romaneasca e conjunctivul "sa faca") Verbele care exprima placerea sau neplacerea: to like - to l ike doing (a-i place a face); to hate - to hate doing (a uri facerea) to love - to love doing (a iubi facerea); to dislike to dislike doing (a -i displace facerea) to enjoy - to enjoy doing (a se bucura de facerea); to regret - to regret doing (a regreta facerea) to rejoice - to rejoice doing (a sarbatori facerea); to resent - to resend doing (a lua in nume de rau facerea) to adore - to adore doing (a adora facerea) Verbe care arata inceperea sau terminarea: to begin - to bigin doing to start - to start doing to commence - to commence doing (a incepe facerea) to stop - to stop doing to finish - to finish doing (a opri facerea) Verbe care arata continuarea., intreruperea sau amanarea : to keep (on) - to keep on doing (a continua facerea) to continue - to continue doing (a continua facerea to delay - to delay doing (a intarzia facerea) to put off - to put off doing (a deconecta/intrerupe facerea) to postpone - to postpone doing (a amana/a nu da importantza cuvenita facerii) to adjourn - to adjourn doing (a amana /a suspenda/a intrerupe facerea) to interrupt - to interupt doing (a intrerupe facerea) Alte exemple: to remember - to remember doing (a -shi reaminti facerea) to forget - to forget doing (a uita a face) to recall - to recall doing (a-shi reminti facera)
to imagine - to imagine doing (a-shi imagina facerea) to miss - to miss doing (a rata facerea) to be worth - to be worth doing (a fi in valoare de a face) to mind - to mind doing (a-i pasa de facera) to prefer - to prefer doiung (a prefera a se face) to avoid - to avoid doing (a evita facerea) to risk - to risk doing (a risca facerea) to try - to try doing (a incerca facerea)
to intend - to intend doing (a intentziona facerea) to admit - to admit doing (a accepta facerea) to appreciate - to appreciate doing (a aprecia facerea) to consider - to consider doing (a considera facerea) to deny - to deny doing (a interzice facerea) to practice - to practice doing (a practica a face) to suggest - to suggest doing (a sugera facerea) to need - to need doing (a avea nevie facerea/a face)