“Shot Heard ‘Round the World”THE MOTHER OF ALL REVOLUTIONS!

1776-1783

Second Continental Congress, May 1775All 13 Colonies

George as head of Continental ArmyDeclaration of the Causes & Necessity of Taking up

ArmsOlive Branch PetitionKing declares colonies in “Rebellion”

Early BattlesTiconderoga and Crown Point, May 1775Bunker Hill, June 1775Hessians hired by the KingInvasion of Canada, October 1775

Declaration of IndependenceNo desire for independence

HessiansBurning of Falmouth and NorfolkPromise to free the slaves

Common Sense, Thomas Paine 1776Colonial policies inconsistentTiny control the large?Moral crusade for true democracy

Richard Henry Lee’s ProposalHuge debate…unanimous vote required!

Committee on IndependenceFranklin, Jefferson, Adams, Sherman, Livingston

3 Major Parts of DeclarationPreamble

Enlightenment reasoning (Locke)“All men created equal”

GrievancesTaxation, trial by jury, military dictatorship,

standing army in peacetime, cutting off trade, burning towns, mercenaries, Indian violence…

Formal DeclarationBroke ties with England

Could solicit foreign aid

Patriots vs. Loyalists:Intercolonial PlayersTories

20%, Chesapeake and Mid AtlanticFear of “mob rule”Older generation

Patriots“Whigs”Center in New EnglandRobert Morris, financier of the RevolutionMinority movement

Highlights of War, 1776-1783English strategy

New England to Middle Colonies Battle of Long Island (25,000 vs. 5,000) Battle of Trenton (Delaware River and the Hessians) Battle of Princeton (British Regiment) Battle of Saratoga – FRENCH AID!!!!

Valley Forge and Baron Von Steuben• ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION*

Chesapeake (Sea and Frontier fighting: “Monster Brandt” and George

Clark in the Ohio Valley) Ports of Charleston and Savannah taken by the British Nathanael Greene in Georgia and South Carolina Battle of Yorktown ends in British surrender!!!

THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION, 1776STRENGHS of the new government?

WEAKNESSES of the new government?