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England's Imperial Stirrings
King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic
Church in the 1530s, launching the English
Protestant Reformation, and
intensifying the rivalry with Catholic Spain.
The Planting of
English America
The Planting of
English America
Sir Francis DrakeIn 1580, Drake
circumnavigated the globe, plundering and
returning his ship loaded with Spanish booty. He had a profit of about
4,600%.
The Planting of
English America
The Planting of
English America
Elizabeth Energizes England
When the English fleet defeated the Spanish
Armada, Spain's empirical dreams and
fighting spirit had been weakened - helping to ensure the English's
naval dominance over the North Atlantic.
The Planting of
English America
The Planting of
English America
Because an economic depression hit England in the
later part of the 1500s and many people were left without
homes, the stage was set for the establishment of an English
beachhead in North America.
England on the Eve
Of Empire
England on the Eve
Of Empire
Early Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial Tobacco
1618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco.
1622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco.
1627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco.
1629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.
IndianUprisings
IndianUprisings
Cultural Clash in the ChesapeakeLord De La Warr reached Jamestown in
1610 with supplies and military. He started the First Anglo-Powhatan War.
Virginia: Child of TobaccoJohn Rolfe married Pocahontas in 1614, ending the First Anglo-Powhatan War.
IndianUprisings
IndianUprisings
Cultural Clash in the ChesapeakeThe Indians were again defeated in the
Second Anglo-Powhatan War in 1644.
2nd Anglo-Powhatan War
2nd Anglo-Powhatan War
Why was 1619 a pivotal year
for the Chesapeake settlement?
Why was 1619 a pivotal year
for the Chesapeake settlement?
VirginiaHouse of
Burgesses
VirginiaHouse of
Burgesses
In 1619, self-government was made in Virginia. The London Company authorized
the settlers to summon an assembly, known as the House of Burgesses.
King James I didn't trust the House of Burgesses and so in 1624, he made Virginia a colony of England, directly
under his control.
VirginiaHouse of
Burgesses
VirginiaHouse of
Burgesses
1st African Slaves arrive
in Jamestown
1st African Slaves arrive
in Jamestown
17th century Population
in the Chesapeake
17th century Population
in the Chesapeake
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
1607 1630 1650 1670 1690
White
Black
George Calvert, 2nd Lord
Baltimore
George Calvert, 2nd Lord
BaltimoreMaryland
Catholic Haven
Formed in 1634 by Lord Baltimore.
The colony was made for a refuge for the Catholics to escape
the wrath of the Protestant English
government.
The Act of Toleration, which was passed in 1649 by the local representative group
in Maryland, granted toleration to all Christians.
George Calvert,
Lord Baltimore
George Calvert,
Lord Baltimore
The West Indian IslandsThe West Indian Islands
By the mid-17th Century, England had secured its claim to several
West Indian Islands.
Sugar was, by far, the major crop on the Indian Islands.
To support the massive sugar crops, millions of
African slaves were imported. By 1700, the number of black slaves to white settlers in the English West Indies by
nearly 4 to 1.
The West Indian IslandsThe West Indian Islands
In order to control the large number of
slaves, the Barbados Slave Code of 1661
denied even the most fundamental rights to slaves.
The West Indian IslandsThe West Indian Islands
Colonizing the CarolinasColonizing the Carolinas
Civil war plagued England in the 1640s.1660 - Charles II restored to English throne.
1663 – King Charles II creates the Carolina Charter.
Colonizing the CarolinasColonizing the Carolinas
In 1707, the Savannah Indians decided to end their alliance with the Carolinians and migrate
to the back country of Maryland or the new colony of Pennsylvania.
Colonizing the CarolinasColonizing the Carolinas
Almost all of the Indians were killed in raids before they could depart - in 1710.
Colonizing the CarolinasColonizing the Carolinas
PennsylvaniaPennsylvania
In Pennsylvania, a new colony founded by Quakers under William Penn
promised better relations.
Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676
Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676
Nathaniel Bacon Governor
William Berkeley