Shoulder muscle

8/12/2019 Shoulder muscle

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A Review of the ShoulderMuscles and Their Actions


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Questions What muscle works closely with the anterior deltoid? Pectoralis major What muscle is involved in any lifting movements? Deltoid

What is the major (strongest) extensor muscle? Latissimus Dorsi Name the four rotator cuff muscles. Subscapularis, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Teres

minor . What muscle works closely with the infraspinatus? Teres minor


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Practice Name the muscles

for Horizontal Adduction

Pect Major (both) Corachobrachialis Deltoid (anterior)

Name the musclesfor Horizontal

Abduction Deltoid (post) Infraspinatus Teres minor Lats


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Practice

List the muscles thatdo flexion of the

shoulder Coracobrachialis Pectoralis major

(upper to 60) Anterior Deltoid

List the muscles thatdo extension of the

shoulder Latissimus dorsi Teres major Posterior deltoid Pectoralis major

(lower fibers toneutral)


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Practice

List the muscles thatdo adduction of the

shoulder Pectoralis major(lower and upperbelow 90)

Coracobrachialis Latissimus dorsi Teres major

List the muscles that doabduction of the

shoulder Deltoid (all sections) Supraspinatus Pectoralis major

(upper past 90)


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Practice

List the muscles thatdo internal rotation

of the shoulder Subscapularis Latissimus dorsi Teres major Anterior deltoid Pect. major

List the muscles thatdo external rotation

of the shoulder Infraspinatus Teres minor Posterior deltoid


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Name the muscle.

Pectoralis Major


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Name the muscle.

Subscapularis

Name the action

Internalrotation of theshoulder


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Name the muscle.

Deltoid

Name the action

Abduction ofshoulder


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Name the muscle.

Infraspinatus

Name the action

Externalrotation


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Name the muscle.

Teres Major

Name the action

Adduction ofscapula


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Name the muscle.

Teres Minor

Name the action if the humerus move directly to the posterior

Extension of the shoulder


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Name the muscle.

Supraspinatus

Name the action

Abduction of the shoulder


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Coracobrachialis Pect. Major

SubscapularisDeltoid


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Supraspinatus Teres Major

InfraspinatusTeres Minor


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What position are her shoulders in?

Flexion


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What position is his right shoulder in?

Horizontal Abduction andExternal Rotation


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What rotation action is his shoulder performing as hecontinues to through the ball?

Internal Rotation


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What position are her shoulders in?

Flexion


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What position are his shoulders in?

Horizontal abduction or Extension


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1.2.

FlexionExtension

Position of their shoulders?


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What is the position of shoulders?

Extension


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Shoulder Muscle Exercises


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Major Muscles of the Shoulder Pectoralis major

Push-ups Pull-ups Bench press Throwing Tennis serve

Latissimus dorsi Chinning Robe climb Dips on parallel bars Pullover exercises Pulldown exercises

Rowing


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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ? Abduction

DeltoidSupraspinatus


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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ?

Flexion

Ant DeltoidUpper Pect Major

Coracobrach.


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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ? Horizontal Add.

Ant. DeltoidPect. Major (both)Coracobrachialis


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Shoulder action = ?Shoulder muscle(s) = ? Horizontal Abduction

Latissimus DorsiPost. DeltoidTeres MinorInfraspinatus


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Adduction

Pect. Major (both)Coracobrachialis

Latissimus DorsiTeres Major


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Horizontal Add

Ant. DeltoidPect. Major (both)Coracobrachialis


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Extension Lats Teres MajorPost. Deltoid Pectoralis Major (lower)Infraspinatus Teres minor


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External Rotation

InfrspinatusTeres Minor

Post. Deltoid


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Name a shoulder muscle isolated

with the following exercises. Side arm dumbbell raises Deltoid Push-ups Pectoralis major Rowing and pull-overs Latissimus dorsi


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What is the action to the left? What

muscles perform that action?Internal Rotation

External Rotation

Internal Rotation

Subscapularis, Ant. Deltoid, Pect, Major, Lats. And Teres Major


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Rotator Cuff ExercisesExternal Rotation

External Rotation

Internal Rotation

Abduction (to work the supraspinatus)


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Shoulder Related Injuries

The shoulder is builtfor motion, not stability

Injury rate dependson Shallowness of glenoid

fossa

Laxity of ligaments Strength of muscles


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Shoulder subluxation Incomplete or partial dislocation

Shoulder dislocation Complete dislocation of the GH joint Most common anteriorly and inferiorly

Shoulder separation Complete dislocation of the AC joint


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Shoulder Dislocation


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Impingement Syndrome


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Impingement Syndrome A condition that decreases

the subacromial space Acromion process

Coracoacromial ligament Causes Swelling Bone spurs

Anatomical structure


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Impingement Syndrome


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Rotator Cuff Tears


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Rotator cuff Subscapularis Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor


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Movement of RC Muscles Subscapularis is an

internal rotator of the arm. Supraspinatus assists the

deltoid in abducting thearm, with its greatestcontribution being theinitiation of abduction.

Infraspinatus and teresminor muscles bothexternally rotate the arm.


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Rotator Cuff Injury

The throwing motion has been dividedinto five phases: wind-up, cocking,

acceleration, and follow-through. Cocking phase

Subscapularis fires in late cocking phase

to decelerate the shoulder's externalrotation. Also, it is stretched during thecocking phase.


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Rotator Cuff Injury Follow-through (muscles fire most

intensely) Subscapularis internally rotates the shoulder, The infraspinatus and teres minor contract

eccentrically to decelerate the arm and arestretched.

During this repetitive eccentric loading, the

rotator cuff is prone to overload, fatigue,tendinitis, and even a partial undersurfacetear.


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Note: Surgery needsto be performed

within 3 months orthe supraspinatusmuscle will atrophyand be too short toreattach


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Glenoid Labrum


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Labral Tear

The glenoid cavity makes up the socket of the shoulder joint.

The labrum acts sort of like a gasket, turning the flatsurface of the glenoid into a deeper socket that molds tothe head of the humerus for a better fit.

A tear of labrum can cause pain and a ca tch in g sensation with movement of the shoulder.


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Labral Tear

Most labral tears are probably the result of an injury to theshoulder, such as falling on an outstretched hand. There is reason to believe that the excess motion of the

humerus moving around on the glenoid may causedamage to the labrum over time.

An unstable shoulder may also cause injury to the labrum,if it repeatedly dislocates out of the glenoid.

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Shoulder muscle

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