Side roll / Wheel roll Sprinklers

Layout ConsiderationLayout Consideration

ObstaclesObstacles FencesFences Power linesPower lines Out buildingsOut buildings DitchesDitches RoadsRoads WindWind

ExampleExample

Power line

Ditches

Road

Buildings

Fence

Irregular Field ShapeIrregular Field Shape

SlopeSlope

With the slope vs. Cross slopeWith the slope vs. Cross slope

Laterals are generally laid out Laterals are generally laid out perpendicular to the slopeperpendicular to the slope

Set TimesSet Times

Convenient set times Convenient set times 23.5 hrs23.5 hrs 11.5 hrs11.5 hrs 7.5 hrs7.5 hrs

* Allows ½ hour drain time* Allows ½ hour drain time

7.5 hr not popular . One move allways in the 7.5 hr not popular . One move allways in the darkdark

Lateral set sequencingLateral set sequencing

Irrigate every move across the field roll Irrigate every move across the field roll back to the front and start againback to the front and start again

Skip irrigate every other move irrigate the Skip irrigate every other move irrigate the skipped moves on the way backskipped moves on the way back

Irrigate every move across the field Irrigate every move across the field second time use a offset pipe. Alternate second time use a offset pipe. Alternate back and forthback and forth

UniformityUniformity

Affected byAffected by Base PressureBase Pressure Pressure variationPressure variation OverlapOverlap Application RateApplication Rate WindWind

Base pressureBase pressure

Match spacing to pressure Match spacing to pressure

Rule of thumbRule of thumb 45 to 65 psi – 40x60 and 40x5045 to 65 psi – 40x60 and 40x50 35 to 45 psi – 30x40 and 40x4035 to 45 psi – 30x40 and 40x40 25 to 35 psi – 20x30 and 30x3025 to 35 psi – 20x30 and 30x30

Drains may not operate properly under Drains may not operate properly under 24 psi24 psi

Pressure VariationPressure Variation

Affected byAffected by Elevation differenceElevation difference

Up and down slope vs cross slopeUp and down slope vs cross slope Mitigate with flow control nozzles or pressure Mitigate with flow control nozzles or pressure

regulatorsregulators Friction lossFriction loss

Pipe sizingPipe sizing

Limit pressure variation to 20% of design Limit pressure variation to 20% of design operating pressureoperating pressure

OverlapOverlap

Rule of Thumb

50% along lateral

65% between laterals

Example:

40x50 spacing

Sprinkler diameter would need to 77’

Application RateApplication Rate

Too small – wind problemsToo small – wind problems Too Large runoffToo Large runoff

Match to soils and Irrigation intervalMatch to soils and Irrigation interval

WindWind

CausesCauses Poor uniformityPoor uniformity

Fine spraysFine sprays High pressuresHigh pressures High trajectoryHigh trajectory

Structural damageStructural damage

Affects of windAffects of wind

Wind SolutionWind Solution

Low trajectoriesLow trajectories Low pressureLow pressure Course spraysCourse sprays OffsetsOffsets BracesBraces

Alternate setsAlternate sets

Example of multiple Example of multiple passespasses

0 10 20 30 40 500

1

2

3

4

5

distance along travel path

application depth

Pass 1 Pass 2 Pass 3 sum

MaintenanceMaintenance

NozzlesNozzles GasketsGaskets DrainsDrains LevelersLevelers Springs/rotationSprings/rotation

Big Guns or Traveler Sprinklers

Cart Style

Solid Set

Hose Reel

LayoutLayout

Hose dragHose drag Solid setSolid set

Rectangular vs. triangularRectangular vs. triangular

Typical hose drag layoutTypical hose drag layout

Travel lanes

Connectionto main

Buried or Portable main line

Up to ¼

mile (1320’)

Traveler direction

Solid setSolid set

Solid set layout

Layout optionsLayout options

Triangular layout Rectangular Layout

Layout for windLayout for wind

Trajectory angleTrajectory angle

Optimization of pattern uniformityOptimization of pattern uniformity Minimize wind driftMinimize wind drift Maximize radius of throwMaximize radius of throw Best drop conditionBest drop condition

Application RateApplication Rate

Match to soilMatch to soil RunoffRunoff SealingSealing

ftft

gpmgunhrin spacing LinespacingGun

Q3.96Raten Applicatio

PressurePressure

60 psi minimum60 psi minimum

WhyWhy Throw distanceThrow distance Stream breakupStream breakup

Crop and soil damageCrop and soil damage

Riser AssemblyRiser Assembly

VerticalVertical Stable against vibrationStable against vibration Low turbulenceLow turbulence Protected from animals and machineryProtected from animals and machinery

Thrust Thrust

CausesCauses TippingTipping VibrationVibration Fatigue and damage to jointFatigue and damage to joint

SolutionSolution Aluminum tripodAluminum tripod Concrete blockConcrete block Post Post Swing elbowSwing elbow

Concrete support

Tripod Support

Swing Elbow detailSwing Elbow detail

StabilityStability

With a stable riserWith a stable riser Drive arm works properly and increases Drive arm works properly and increases

uniformityuniformity Vibrations are dampened protecting pipeVibrations are dampened protecting pipe Stream throw radius is maximized giving Stream throw radius is maximized giving

greater coveragegreater coverage

SafetySafety

Big flow, lot of pressure can do damage Big flow, lot of pressure can do damage to human, animal or infrastructure.to human, animal or infrastructure.