Siemens Transportation Systems

HIGH AVAILABILITY

1© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

HIGH AVAILABILITY TRAIN TO WAYSIDE

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR METRO APPLICATIONS

• Siemens Mobility worldwide Centre of Competence for metro automation :– Fully automated metros– Automated Train Control

Siemens Transportation Systems France

� Siemens Mobility worldwide Centre of Competence for Turnkey rubber-tyred

2© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

� Siemens Mobility worldwide Centre of Competence for Turnkey rubber-tyred and steel wheel Automated Guided Transit (AGT)

� Supplier in France of the products and services of Siemens Mobility division� Trains, tramways, locomotives, electrification

� Services for operation and maintenance

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STS France references for turnkey systems and metro control systems

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New York

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Budapest

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Chicago

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RennesThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

Toulouse

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TurinThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may

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New York

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PragueThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

Budapest

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Chicago

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RennesThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

Toulouse

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TurinoThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may

Uijeongbu

Helsinki

3© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

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Mexico DF

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HongKongThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

San Juan

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Caracas

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Santiago

ToulouseThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

Barcelone

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still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.Lyon

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Taipei

ATC for Val

ATC for metro

OSMES

Radio communicationsystem

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Mexico

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HongKongThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

San Juan

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Caracas

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Santiago

ToulouseThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

Barcelone

not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x

still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.Lyon

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TaipeiThe image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still

appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

Alger

Turnkey line (Val)

Metro automation The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

São Paulo

Advanced Automatic Train control : Trainguard MT CBTC

On-board localisation

Moving blok

4© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

Free propagation radio

Simplified signalling

CBTC : Communication Based Train Control

Radio transmission for metro applicationsRequirements for CBTC applications

• Bidirectional and continuous transmission, including yard area• Adaptable to various line configurations and topologies• Compliant with various train operations• Line operation for up to 30 years

• Using adaptable frequency bandwidth, licensed or not, (from 2 to 6GHz)

5© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

• Using adaptable frequency bandwidth, licensed or not, (from 2 to 6GHz)• With low data rate : CBTC needs < 50Kbits/s• With fully transparent handover management (Seamless roaming = 0ms).• With high availability level : (Trains stop without transmission > 3s)

– Train frame error rate < 10-8 , taking account of system architecture– No transmission loss over 3s with one train, no more than three times per year– No transmission loss over 3s with all trains, no more than once per 10 years

• Support railways environment (EMC, T°, Vibrations)

Radio Propagation for metro applications Transmission constraints

• Tunnel propagation issues : Fading, multipath, tube shape• Line configuration issues: Outdoor, mono-tube, bi-tube

Multipath, FadingFrequency diversity

6© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

Multipath, FadingF1 / F2

– New-York L configuration

Application in New-York Canarsie lineAIRLINK : STS product for free-propagation radio communication

RockawayEast 105

New LotsLivonia

Sutter

Atlantic

BroadwayAberdeen

WilsonHalseyMyrtleDekalb

JeffersonMorgan

MontroseGrand

GrahamLorimer

1st3rdUnion

Sq8th Bedford6th

Tunnel OutdoorBitube

7© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

• 18 km / 24 Stations• 53 wayside radio bases ; 50 trains

– New-York L Status• Radio system fully validated since July 2005• CBTC system in revenue service since January 2006

• Communication based on radio transmission in the 2.4 GHz ISM Band. Possible adaptation in the range 2GHz to 6GHz (5.9GHz used in Paris metro).

• Use of Direct Spread Spectrum Sequence modulation (DSSS), with long spread sequence (128 chips), optimized CRC and specific modulation – demodulation (ASIC ICARE) to optimize management of tunnel multipath propagation

• Transmission organized in geographical cells and time sharing(TDMA : synchronized cycles composed of communication slots)

Application in New-York Canarsie lineAIRLINK - STS product for free-propagation radio communication

8© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

(TDMA : synchronized cycles composed of communication slots)• No jamming between wayside transmitters within a cell, and with the adjacent

cells and no jamming between trains• 64 Kbits/s data rate• Data encryption,• Dynamic signing management• Seamless roaming : Nominal = 0ms, 256ms in case of single failure.

• Availability – Reliability :– Three kinds of diversity used :

• Spatial diversity : 2 antennas per train installed on each end, with two independent propagation ways

• Time diversity : Data transmitted twice in two adjacent radio cycles, in case of poor transmission

Application in New-York Canarsie lineAIRLINK : STS product for free-propagation radio communication

9© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

adjacent radio cycles, in case of poor transmission quality

• Frequency diversity : Radio cycle uses alternatively two different frequencies for each cell

– Used of directional antennas, in order to minimize jamming effect

– Implementation of equipment redundancy in order to mask failure during operation and maintenance operation

– FCC and ETSI certified

Application in New-York Canarsie lineAIRLINK : STS product for free-propagation radio communication

Return of Experience :

– Initial layout confirmed • No spare radio bases installed• Margins in line with expectations

– Availability confirmed

10© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

– Availability confirmed• No CBTC communication failure since revenue service• Strong resistance to interference as demonstrated by New York City

jamming tests in March 2004 and September 2005• Proven message error rate = 10-8 by train

– Engineering rules confirmed :• Confirmation of layout rules, taking account of blocking trains• Confirmation of installation procedures

Airlink Product rangeExtension towards 802.11 standards

- DSSS based Airlink radio in operation in New-York fits demanding urban train Control requirements and is being deployed in other metro lines : Paris, Budapest, Barcelona, Sao Paulo, Helsinki

- New business and market requirements are to be taken into account :- Need for integration of various data flows with the same radio link (CBTC, Voice,

11© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

Video streaming, passenger information, etc.) - Use of recognized standards- Shorter time to market- Increased competitiveness

- But still, achieving the same level of availability and reliability requirements.

- Therefore, STS is extending Airlink product range with a new 802.11 based version. Selection of the most appropriate radio technology on projects made on a case by case basis.

Deployment on Roissy project (L1 and LISA lines)

Yard

R13R12R10R09R08R06R05R04R03R02R01R01B R14

R17R16

R14B

Track 1

Track 2

Track 1

Evolution towards 802.11First application : SiwiMedia Video surveillance in Roissy Charles de Gaulle Airport (CdGVAL)

12© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

• 2 Lines / 5 km / 7 stations • 20 wayside radio bases ; 11 trains• System in revenue service :

» L1 : March 2007» LISA : June 2007

PR T2PXT3T1

R13R12R10R09R08R06R05R04R03R02R01R01B

R01A

R14

R14A

R14B

Track 2

Evolution towards 802.11First application : SiwiMedia Video surveillance in Roissy Charles de Gaulle Airport (CdGVAL)

• Goal : Provide a continuous onboard video surveilla nce helping :– To check any abnormal situation in trains (fire, smoke, panic....)– To optimize operation, with a continuous view of the traffic

• SiwiMedia main characteristics :– A minimum set of radio equipment, using off-the-shelf products

13© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

– A minimum set of radio equipment, using off-the-shelf products– On-board video recording– Video streaming to wayside based on 802.11 standards, without

any modification– Use of patented & optimized algorithm to manage train mobility,

over IP layer– An open standard structure allowing further

integration of new functions (advertising, voice communication, telemaintenance, obstacle detection....)

Wished evolutions of ETSI for advanced urban train control

� Higher transmission power (same as FCC), at least within tunnels� to save a number of wayside radio cases

� Use of the [5.725 ; 5.825] frequency band, as within FCC� to be more flexible, according to customers requirements and

constraints� Use as DFS as an option, but not as a mandatory requirement

14© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

� Use as DFS as an option, but not as a mandatory requirement� DFS may lead to association times between on-board and

wayside radio, which may be incompatible with CBTC requirements

� Make available a new frequency band, dedicated to train control, as large as 2 Wifi channels

� To increase the robustness of the radio communication

High Availability train to wayside communication system for advanced urban train control : CONCLUSIO NS

• Radio communication between trains and wayside controllers is one of the key issues for advanced train control (CBTC)

• CBTC radio has to comply with very demanding requirements : harsh environment, fast mobility, extremely high availability and reliability

• Mastering of a radio system for CBTC is not just a question of products; it requires:

15© Siemens Transportation SystemsNovember 2008

- A deep knowledge of radio transmission in Railway environments (tunnel, blocking trains, etc.)

- A dedicated system architecture with diversities (special, time, frequencies)- A full knowledge and control of critical parameters of radio components- Optimized algorithms to manage train mobility

• Siemens has developed and put into operation such a radio system. Airlink product, initially based on a proprietary DSSS based transmission, is now being extended using 802.11 standards