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Sigmund Freud

Main Headlines

The tendency of aggression is an innate, independent, instinctual disposition in man, it constitutes the most powerful obstacle to culture.

Freud’s Personality Perspective

Freud's Energy Types

Freud's Defence Mechanism Theory

Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development

Freud's Iceberg Theory

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Sigmund Freud

According to Freud, we are born with our Id. The id is an important part of our personality because as newborns, it allows us to get our basic needs met. Freud believed that the id is based on our pleasure principle. When a child is hungry, the id wants food, and therefore the child cries. When the child is uncomfortable, in pain, too hot, too cold, or just wants attention, the id speaks up until his or her needs are met. The id doesn't care about reality, only its own satisfaction. When the id wants something, nothing else is important.

The second personality type is called Ego. The ego is based on the reality principle. The ego understands that other people have needs and desires and that sometimes being impulsive or selfish can hurt us in the long run. Its the ego's job to meet the needs of the id, while taking into consideration the reality of the situation.

By the age of five, stage of development, the Superego develops. The Superego is the moral part of us and develops due to the moral and ethical restraints placed on us by our caregivers. In a healthy person, according to Freud, the ego is the strongest so that it can satisfy the needs of the id, not upset the superego, and still take into consideration the reality of every situation. If the superego becomes to strong, the person would be driven by rigid morals, would be judgmental and unbending in his or her interactions with the world.

Freud’s personality perspective

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dFreud’s energy types

It’s common usage means sexual desire; however more technical definitions, referring to libido as the free creative or psychic energy an individual has to put toward personal development or individuation. Within the category of sexual behavior, libido would fall under the appetitive phase wherein an individual will usually undergo certain behaviors in order to gain access to a mate.

Libido

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Death

DenialRepressionProjectionRegressionDisplacementRationalization

Freud’s defence mechanism theory

Arguing against an anxiety provoking stimuli by stating it doesn't exist.

Returning to a previous stage of development.

Placing unacceptable impulses in yourself onto someone else.

Pulling into the unconscious.

Taking out impulses on a less threatening target.

Supplying a logical or rational reason as opposed to the real reason.

Freud's stages of psychosexual development

Duration is between birth and one year old. Erogenous zone is mouth. Consequences are orally aggression and orally passive, which ends with chewing gum or the ends of pencils and smoking, eating, kissing.

Age range is one and three years old. Enogenous zones are bowel and bladder.

Between three and six years old. Enogenous zone is sex organs. Consequences are Oedipus complex for boys and Electra complex for girls.

Oral Anal Phallic

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Sigmund Freud had theory commonly referred to as the iceberg theory in which he proposed to split the human into three levels of consciousness. He said that every human had an unconscious, a preconscious, and a conscious level of their minds. According to this theory the unconscious min was the largest part, but also was the hidden or repressed part. This is show in the picture on the left as it is below in the water. Still even thouh this part was repressed according to Freud this part had the most influence.

3The middle section was called the preconscious or subconscious and this was the part that was sometime acnknowledge by the brain and othe times was not. In the picture on the left this is shown by it beign right a the water level and bobbing up and down above and below the water line.

Freud’s iceberg theory

The final part was the conscious part. This is the part of our mind weare aware of on a daily basis and makes most of our decisions and thoughts. Still Freud said although this is the only completely visible part it is still mostly affected and influence by the unconscious lurking below.

General Developmental Psychology –

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