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Sigmund FreudPsychosexual Development

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Sigmund Freud

1856- 1939

Psychoanalytic

Unconscious Dream Analysis

Free Association

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Personality Theory

Id

Ego

Superego

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Id

Instinctive aspect of the personality

Operates on the pleasure principle

Demands immediate satisfaction anddoesnt care about reality

Freud describes babies as bundles of id

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Ego

Logical aspect of the personality

It operates on the reality principle

It can make conscious and rational

decisions that reflect the demands ofinstinct (id), morality (superego), andexternal reality (environment)

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Superego

It is the moral aspect of the personality

It develops due to the moral and ethicalrestraints placed on us by ourparents/caregivers

It dictates our belief of right and wrong

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Healthy Personality

Which aspect should be the strongest toensure a healthy personality?

What would happen if the id is thestrongest?

What will happen if the superego is thestrongest?

What does the ego use to protect itself fromanxiety, which is experienced as a result ofthe conflict?

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Superego Stronger

Judgmental

Saint

Moral Guilty

Rigid

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Id Stronger

Selfish

Antisocial behavior

Uncaring

Self-absorbed

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Psychosexual development

Our personality develops throughout ourchildhood

Stage theory

Each stage is characterized by a focus on adifferent region of the body, where libido orsexual drive is fixated

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Success Criteria

What age do we pass through each stage?

Where on the body is the libido focused

How is pleasure gained at each stage Which personality structure is present or

develops?

What may cause a fixation at the stage?

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Psychosexual Development

Oral

Anal

Phallic Latency

Genital

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Oral Stage 0-1

Mouth

Lips

Tongue Sucking

Biting

First erotogenic zone to make libidinous demands

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Fixation

Overindulgence

Symptoms include selfishness, dependency,compulsive talking

Frustration

Symptoms include nail biting, sarcasm, thumbsucking, greed

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Anal Stage 1-3 years

Membranes of rectum and anus

Fecal mass inside body

Release Expulsion anally explosive

Control of feces anally retentive

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Fixations

Anal Expulsive

Symptoms giving to everyone, gardeners(sublimating their wish to smear)

Anal Retentive

Miserly, thrifty, orderly, obstinate,

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Phallic Stage 3-6 years

Genital Organs

Emotional Crisis

Oedipus Complex/Electra Complex Critical Stage for moral development

Identification

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Fixation

Caused by failure to resolveOedipus/Electra conflict

Symptoms: Exhibitionism, recklessness,vanity, pride, incapable of close love

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Oedipus Complex

Crucial stage

Consolidation of gender identity

(identification) Formation of superego

Mother/father fixation

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Boys

Wants to be like dad

Fantasizes eliminating father

Castration anxiety Identifies with father

Formation of gender roles, super-ego, and

gender identity

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Girls

Karen Horney womb envy

Penis envy

Sense of inferiority Blames mother

Poor resolution of Oedipal complex

Poorly developed super-ego and a weakermoral sense compared with male

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Latency Stage 6-Puberty

Phew! Sexual thoughts repressed-Sublimation

Child explores Focus is on social and intellectual skills

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Genital Stage Puberty - Adulthood

Sexual desires renewed

Individual seeks relationships with others

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Personality Theory

Id = libido and psychosexual stages

Ego = defense mechanisms

Super-ego = Oedipus complexIdentification and internalization

These + defense mechanisms + external

reality = personality

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Freud? What do you think?

Very controversial theories even after somany years