SIMPLE VS COMPLEX SENTENCES

SIMPLE SENTENCES• Simple sentences consist of one topic and one

commentFor example:1. The first nugget was about half muscle, with the

rest a mix of fat, blood vessels and nerves.2. The nuggets came from two national fast food

chains in Jackson.

TYPES OF COMMENTS (1):

is/am/are/was/were +noun (thing)noun phrase (things modified)adjective (characteristics)quantity/size (number)

prepositional phrase (preposition followed by a noun/noun phrase)

Simple Sentence: Topic + Comment (1)1. The tropical rain forest is a forest of tall trees in a

region of year-round warmth. 2. Seventy percent of the plants in the rainforest are

trees.3. Other characteristics are bright colors and sharp

patterns, loud vocalizations, and diets heavy on fruits.

4. Its average humidity is between 77 and 88%.5. Its rainfall is often more than 100 inches a year.6. Many plants are in riparian areas.

• VERB + NOUN/NOUN PHRASE• VERB + PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES• VERB + ADVERB• VERB + QUANTITY

TYPES OF COMMENTS (2):

Simple Sentence: Topic + Comment (2)

1. Tree harvesting provides employment for labour.2. Leucaena cultivation requires additional expenditure

mainly due to the cost of the planting material, its transportation to the field, pitting and planting.

3. Three-month-old 30-cm tall seedlings were transplanted in pits.

4. A small quantity of water was added to each pit immediately after transplanting to prevent seedling mortality

5. Pits of the size 0.3 × 0.3 × 0.3 m were dug manually6. The selected fields were ploughed twice using a disc

harrow.

COMPLEX SENTENCESCOMPLEX SENTENCES ARE COMPRISED OF A MAIN

CLAUSE AND ONE OR MORE SUBORDINATE CLAUSES.

THE SUBORDINATE CLAUSES MAY BE ADVERBIAL CLAUSES, ADJECTIVE CLAUSES OR NOUN CLAUSES

• MAIN CLAUSE + ADVERBIAL CLAUSE• MAIN CLAUSE + NOUN CLAUSE• MAIN CLAUSE + ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

COMPLEX SENTENCES: MAIN CLAUSE + ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

1. Chicken nuggets tend to have an elevated fat content because they are breaded and fried.

2. The stunted trees are capable of a sudden growth surge when a gap in the canopy opens above them.

3. The bark of different species is so similar that it is difficult to identify a tree by its bark.

4. Consumers aren't necessarily being misled, since much of the nutritional information they need is readily available.

NOUN CLAUSES1. Recently, Mississippi researchers found out why two nuggets they

examined consisted of 50 percent or less chicken muscle tissue, the breast or thigh meat that comes to mind when a customer thinks of "chicken.“

2. What has happened is that some companies have chosen to use an artificial mixture of chicken parts rather than low-fat chicken white meat, batter it up and fry it and still call it chicken.

3. The brief chicken nugget exploration was not meant to be an exposé of the chicken industry or fast food generally, but to remind consumers that "not everything that tastes good is good for you.

4. He and his colleagues chose not to reveal which chain restaurants they visited were.

COMPLEX SENTENCES: RELATIVE CLAUSEtopic+comment+(joining words) +comment

1. This has been a discouraging factor for small landholders who need regular income to establish leucaena plantations.

2. Emergent trees are 100 to 240 feet tall with umbrella-shaped canopies that grow above the forest.

3. Leucaena leucocephala is cultivated at close spacings that do not permit intercropping.

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE1. 1. Close inspection revealed cells that line the skin and

internal organs of the bird.2. It is really a chicken by-product high in calories, salt, sugar

and fat that is a very unhealthy choice.3. The nuggets he examined would be okay to eat occasionally,

but he worries that since they are cheap, convenient and taste good, kids eat them often.

4. Chicken nuggets are an excellent source of protein, especially for kids who might be picky eaters.

5. This study evaluates only two chicken nugget samples out of the billions of chicken nuggets that are made every year

SIMPLE SENTENCES + REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSE (active)

This has been a discouraging factor for small landholders needing regular income to establish leucaena plantations.

Emergent trees are 100 to 240 feet tall with umbrella-shaped canopies growing above the forest.

Leucaena leucocephala is cultivated at close spacings not permitting intercropping.

SIMPLE SENTENCE + REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSE

• These qualities make leucaena wood suitable for a wide variety of uses, ranging from the traditional small-scale use by farmers and smallholders to the more recent utilization by large-scale industries for pulp and energy generation (Pottinger and Hughes, 1995).

• According to the NCC, its member producers and processors account for about 95 percent of the chicken produced in the U.S.

COMPLEX SENTENCES: RELATIVE CLAUSEtopic+comment+(joining words)+ topic + comment

• Leucaena is one of the few trees from which wood is used for both industrial and non-industrial purposes.

• Eucalyptus, leucaena and casuarina are the important tree species used as raw material for the manufacture of paper and packaging material in southern India

COMPLEX SENTENCES: ADVERBIAL CLAUSES