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© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014
1
Simulation Advances for IoT Devices and Infrastructure
Dr. Larry Williams
3 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 ANSYS Confidential
Physics-based Simulation
Electric Machine & Drive Advanced Materials Robust Electronics
Fluid-Thermal Fluid-Mechanical
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 4 © 2013 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 ANSYS Confidential
Traditional Design Flow
Concept Design Physical
Prototype Testing Analysis Production Yes
No
CAD CAE
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 5 © 2013 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 ANSYS Confidential
Concept & Design
Physical
Prototype
Production
Simulation-Driven Product Development
Simulation-Driven Product Development
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 6 © 2013 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 ANSYS Confidential
HPC and Hardware
• High Performance Computing (HPC) – Increased productivity by leveraging modern compute technologies
Bigger
Faster
Higher Fidelity
7 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 ANSYS Confidential
Applying Engineering Simulation
Challenges • Extreme Performance • Breakthrough Innovation • New Opportunities
Simulation technology enables engineers to predict with confidence that products will work in the real world.
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014
9
New Opportunities
“The Internet of Things sets up the potential for a new wave of hardware entrepreneurs…” “Combine a standard low-cost development platform incorporating low-power processors and wireless connectivity with ongoing innovation in sensors and you have a recipe for a renaissance in hardware development.” “Because the barrier to entry is so low, even a small three-person start-up working out of a garage can get funding on Kickstarter and design a new hot product that’s limited only by the imagination.”
Dr. Henry Samueli Cofounder, Broadcom
10 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 ANSYS Confidential
• Fundamental building blocks for IoT – Antennas – Power Management – Embedded Software – Thermal Management – High-Speed Communication – Sensors
• Simulation has a large role to play!
Internet of Things Applications
Home Medicine Grid Automotive
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014
11
Antennas, Wireless, Interface Systems Internet of Things
Communications
Communication Systems
R/W coil
Tag coil
Wireless Power Transfer Receiver Electrode
Field Coupling
Driver Electrode
Touchpanel
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014
13
• Founded in July 2002
• Headquartered in Redwood City, CA
• Creating a leading smart grid network
– Networking technology platform
• Broadened beyond the smart grid to networking other critical infrastructure such as street lights
Silver Spring Networks
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 14
Physical Prototype
Virtual Prototypes
Far-Field Pattern
S-Parameters
HFSS Virtual Prototype
Virtual Compliance
Fields
Design Sensitivity
1-15 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 15
• Silver Spring Networks Communication Module
– Dual-band Antenna, 900 MHz & 2.4 GHz
– RF Shields
• Integrating Communication Module with Electric meter – Vendor Board coupling to Silver Spring Network board
– DC Bias for Vendor Board.
– 3D Layout effects on Silver Spring Network Board
Simulation Driven Product Development
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 16
ANSYS HFSS 3D System Design
Multi-band Antenna Radiator Design
Platform Integration
Platform Integration
1-17 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 17
• Dual-band Antenna Optimization
– 900MHz and 2.4GHz bands
• Effects of PCB
– True ground vs. perfect ground
• Effects of RF Shields on PCB
Design Challenges
Antenna
PCB RF Shields
Release 2014.0 December 12, 2014 L5-5: 18 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc.
HFSS Simulation
• Multiple Solution Frequencies
2400 MHz 900MHz
Excitation
Short
900MHz 2500MHz
Each frequency band excites a different part of the antenna. Meshing at a single frequency will not
guarantee accuracy.
Setup 1: 2400MHz
Dependent Mesh Setup: 900MHz
Sweep Converged Adaptive Meshing
1-19 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 19
• Parameters
Antenna Design and Optimization
Simulation Challenge: How do we leverage simulation to narrow the focus?
Antenna
Antenna Length1 Capacitive Gap Capacitive length
Antenna Length2 Slot Size Slot numbers
1-20 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 20
Partial S-parameters computed from derivatives
Cap Gap
Ant Width
Ant Length1
Cap Length
These few parameters have the most impact on the S11
1-21 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 21
• Optimization Goal – Minimize the S-parameters at 0.9 and 2.4 GHz
• Optimization Method – Sequential Non-Linear Programming
– Gradient approach with Response Surface
Antenna Design and Optimization
Converges after 110 iterations
Optimized Results
GSM Antenna > black
W-LAN Antenna > Red
Optimization Setup
Release 2014.0 December 12, 2014 L5-5: 22 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc.
Integrating the Antenna with RF Board
1. Import ODB++ file inside HFSS
2. Create a 3D Components for the antenna
3. Import the 3D component on the RF Board
1
2
3
1-23 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 23
• PCB > effect of Simulating Power and ground plane true geometries
Simulating the Whole PCB
Current distribution for WLAN Antenna
Ideal Ground True Ground
1-24 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 24
• PCB > effect of Simulating Power and ground plane true geometries
Simulating the Whole PCB
Including Real Geometries for Ground plane will have
a big impact on Simulations results
GSM Antenna > black (solid)
GSM Antenna (true ground) > black (dashed)
W-LAN Antenna > Red
W-LAN Antenna (true ground) > black (dashed)
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 25
ANSYS HFSS 3D System Design
Platform Integration
Platform Integration
1-26 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 26
• Effect of adding Vendor Board
Full System Simulations
GSM Antenna > black (solid)
GSM Antenna (With Vendor board) > black (dashed)
W-LAN Antenna > Red
W-LAN Antenna (With Vendor Board) > black (dashed)
WLAN band is more influenced by Vendor pcb than GSM band
1-28 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 28
Full System Simulations
Phi=0 > Red
Phi=90 > Blue
The Meter Assembly acts as a ground and
increases Directivity in opposite direction
Proprietary
Far-field Plot
1-29 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 29
Synapse Wearable
Electronics
1-30 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 30
Predict With Confidence…
New Opportunities
Synapse uses ANSYS solutions to evaluate the performance of
antenna designs and the interactions with the human body.
Designing Safe And Robust Wearable
Wireless Devices without Building
Prototypes
1-31 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 31
RF near the body
• Absorption due to human
body
• Comfort & size = movement
– S11 match shifts due to the
influence of the body
– Efficiency changes
• Body movement
– Rotations causes gain variation
– Generally hurts the link budget
HUMAN BODY IMPLICATIONS
Bottom Right: S11
variation due to
movement
Top Right: Model of an
oscillating wrist Courtesy
Mike Schaff, Synapse
1-32 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 32
850 MHz 1900 MHz 2400 MHz
.85 GHz 1.85 GHz
Current Distribution on Antenna
Elements
Watch Performance on Human
Hand
Courtesy Mike Schaaf, Synapse
Case Study:
Smart Watch Design
1-33 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 33
Current Distribution on Antenna Elements
2.4 GHz
.85 GHz
1.85 GHz
“Simple” Triple Monopole Design
1-34 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 34 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014
Crack in the LCD Display from Impact
1-35 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
© 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. February 23, 2009
Inventory #002593 © 2014 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014 35
Electrolux Washing
Machine
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014
36
• Electrolux washing machine – ANSYS channel partner ESSS,
Brazil
• System Simulation for Regulatory Compliance – Real circuits drive 3D physics
• EMI Compliance
• WiFi
Electrolux Washing Machine
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014
37
Electrolux Washing Machine
Controller PCB
• Controller PCB Behind Control Panel
• Connects to prime power and provides motor drive
© 2011 ANSYS, Inc. December 12, 2014
42
• Advanced simulation has a large role to play for IoT device design
– Explore new ideas on the computer
– Examine electrical, thermal, mechanical effects
• Important to include real-world effects
– Printed circuit boards, antennas, cables
– Interaction with human body for wearables
– Complex 3D environments
Conclusion