10/21/2005

Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices

Günther Zandler

- 2 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Outline

SilvacoATLASGeneral Optoelectronic CapabilitiesInGaN/GaN Material SystemOptical CouplingMicro-Ring Device

- 3 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Silvaco Background

Founded in 1984 by Dr. Ivan PesicMarket Leader in SPICE Simulation, TCAD, and IC CAD Large Customer Base of Foundry, IDM, ASIC, and Fabless Semiconductor CompaniesHeadquarters in Silicon Valley with 11 Offices WorldwidePrivately Held, Profitable Since Inception, Debt-free

Grown from Retained Earnings, No VC FundingCurrently Employs Over 220 Professionals

80% with Advanced Engineering Degrees (MS, PhD)Worldwide Technical Support and TrainingActive Programs with Leading Foundries, EDA Vendors, Universities, Industry Standards, and Government Agencies

- 4 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Connecting TCAD to Tapeout – Design Flow

- 5 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

ATLAS Physical Models

Drift Diffusion (Hetrojunctions)Heat flowImbedded CircuitEnergy Balance/HydrodynamicTraps/Amorphous

Photodetection (Ray Trace, BPM, Waveguide)Quantum Effects (MOS, S-P, QM, BQP)Light Emitters (LED, Laser, VCSEL)C-Interpreter

- 6 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

ATLAS Product Hierarchy

o

- 7 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

ATLAS Context

- 8 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Optical Models

- 9 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

ATLAS – Luminous

- 10 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

ATLAS – Quantum Selected Results

- 11 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

ATLAS – LED

- 12 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

ATLAS – Laser Selected Results

- 13 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

ATLAS – VCSEL

- 14 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

VCSEL structures

Cold cavity analysisEasy overlay of optical and electrical quantities

- 15 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Polarization Effects on Band Edges in InGaNMicroring LED

- 16 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Lorentzian Broadening

- 17 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Three Well LED with Random Composition Variation

- 18 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

LED Spectrum Effects of Random Composition

- 19 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

LED Output Coupling Efficiency Without Reflector

- 20 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

LED Output Coupling Efficiency: With Mirror

- 21 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

LED Output Coupling Efficiency: With Mirror and Interference

- 22 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

LED Output Coupling Efficiency: Mirror, Interference and Integrated

- 23 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

LED Output Coupling Efficiency: Mirror, Interference, Integrated and Multispectral

- 24 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Organic Materials

Poole Frenkel Mobility ModelsLangevin Recombination ModelsDefect Distributions (oTFT)Dynamic Equations for Excitions (Singlet & Triplet)Various Recombination Rates can enter in Reverse Ray Tracing

- 25 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Micro-ring Device Structure

Reference: Choi, H.W. et.al., "High extraction efficiency InGaN micro-ring light-emitting diodes", Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 83, No. 22, pp. 4483-4485.

- 26 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Micro-Ring LED structure in ATLAS

- 27 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Effects of Choice of Well Composition on Simulated Emission Wavelength

- 28 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Effects of Choice of Bowing Factor on Simulated Emission Wavelength

Reference: Piprek, J. "Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices Introduction to Physics and Simulation", Academic Press, UCSB, 2003, pp. 142 and 143.

- 29 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Effect of Well Thickness on Blue Shift

- 30 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Broad Area / Micro-ring LED

Broad Area LED Micro-ring LED

Shortcomings of the proposed micro-ring design are shownImprovements of coupling efficiency and insignificant changes of radiation profile are confirmed

- 31 -Simulation of optoelectronic devices

Conclusion

Simulation of various types of devices in absorptions and emissionWide range of physicals models for coupled electrical and optical simulationSupport for novel materials and materials systems