Sinification of VietnamSinification of Vietnam

Vietnamese IdentityVietnamese Identity

Distinct group of Distinct group of peoplepeople

Shared common Shared common heritageheritage

Desire to remain Desire to remain politically politically independentindependent

Chinese AdvantagesChinese Advantages

Initial contact with Initial contact with QinQin

Development of lively Development of lively tradetrade

Chinese: silkChinese: silk Vietnamese: ivory, Vietnamese: ivory,

pearls, tortoise shell, pearls, tortoise shell, peacock feathers peacock feathers and exotic woodsand exotic woods

Vietnamese Culture Vietnamese Culture Differs from ChineseDiffers from Chinese

VietnameseVietnamese Long skirts for womenLong skirts for women CockfightsCockfights Chewed betel nutChewed betel nut Blackened teethBlackened teeth BuddhismBuddhism Nuclear familyNuclear family Distinctive art and Distinctive art and

poetrypoetry

ChineseChinese Black pantsBlack pants Never adopted Never adopted

cockfights for cockfights for entertainmententertainment

Disgusted by betel Disgusted by betel nutnut

Repulsed by Repulsed by blackened teethblackened teeth

Extended familyExtended family

Betel Nut and Blackened Betel Nut and Blackened TeethTeeth

CockfightingCockfighting

Chinese ConquestChinese Conquest

Han rulersHan rulers At first happy with Viet At first happy with Viet

ruler as vassalruler as vassal Accepted tributeAccepted tribute 111BCE wanted total 111BCE wanted total

controlcontrol

Viet eliteViet elite Cooperated with ChinaCooperated with China Worked into bureaucracyWorked into bureaucracy Chinese schools and Chinese schools and

ConfucianismConfucianism

Resistance MovementsResistance Movements

AristocracyAristocracy Chinese disdain for local Chinese disdain for local

customscustoms Considered backwardConsidered backward

PeasantsPeasants Little interest in Chinese Little interest in Chinese

cultureculture Trung sistersTrung sisters

Led peasant revolt against Led peasant revolt against Chinese in 39 CEChinese in 39 CE

Reaction to patriarchal Reaction to patriarchal societysociety

Vietnamese Vietnamese IndependenceIndependence

Strong sense of identityStrong sense of identity Fragile bonds to ChinaFragile bonds to China

Geographic barriersGeographic barriers Few Chinese residents in Few Chinese residents in

regionregion 907: Fall of Tang offered 907: Fall of Tang offered

opportunity/chaosopportunity/chaos 939: won independence939: won independence

Ancient VietnamAncient Vietnam