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Sistem Kom Optik - PengantarAnhar, ST., MT.
Kontrak Kuliah
Nama Mata Kuliah Sistem Komunikasi OptikKode Mata Kuliah TES 4111Beban SKS 2 (dua)Semester 7 (Tujuh)Pengajar Anhar, ST., MT.Hari/Jam Kamis/10:45-12:25Ruang 305Jlh Peserta 15 Orng
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Deskripsi Mata Kuliah
• Mempelajari struktur fiber optik dan perambatan cahaya optik.
• Menghitung penurunan kualitas sinyal/rugi-rugi pd fiber.
• Mempelajari karakteristik sumber dan detektor optik.
• Mempelajari cara pembangkitan dan kopling daya pd optik.
• Merencanakan link fiber.• Mempelajari teknik pengukuran pd optik.
Tujuan
• Mahasiswa dpt menjelaskan sifat perambatan optik, menghitung rugi-rugi pd sistem optik, memahami karakteristik sumber dan detektor optik serta mendesain link optik.
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Strategi perkuliahan
• Ceramah dng hand out yg telah disusun• Tanya jawab/diskusi dari materi yg
disampaikan• Diskusi literatur dng topik dr jurnal• Presentasi dr mhs• Field trip ke perusahaan
Buku/literatur Bacaan
1. Introduction to Fiber Optics, by John Crips, Newnes, 2001.
2. Optical Fiber Communication 2nd Edition, by Gerd Keiser, Mc-GrawHill, 1991.
3. Optical Fiber Communication, by John M Senior, Prentice Hall, 2009.
4. Fiber Optic Communications Systems 3 ed. Wiley, by Agrawal, G.P, 2002.
5. Internet
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Tugas
• Literatur/buku bacaan harap dibaca sebelum perkuliahan.
• Soal-soal latihan/tugad dikerjakan secara mandiri.
• Quis dilaksanakan 4x.• Jurnal-jurnal dibaca dan dipelajari.
Penilaian
• Evaluasi :– PR/Tugas : 15-30%– QUIZ : 15-30%– UTS : 25-30%– UAS : 25-40%
• Kehadiran :– Minimal 80% kehadiran dosen!!
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Penilaian Nilai Point Range
A 4,00 85-100A- 3,75 80-85B+ 3,500 75-80B 3,00 70-75B- 2,75 65-70C+ 2,50 55-65C 2,00 45-55D 1,00 25-45E 0,00 0-25
Jadwal KuliahTanggal Topik Bahasan
20 Sept 2012 Kontrak Kuliah, Perkembangan optik27 Sept 2012 Struktur optik dan perambatannya4 Okt 2012 Struktur optik dan perambatannya, 11 Okt 2012 Quiz 1, Karakteristik trans optik18 Okt 2012 Karakteristik trans optik
Jadwal Pengganti Sumber optik1 Nov 2012 Responsi dan Quiz 28 Nov 2012 UTS
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Jadwal KuliahTanggal Topik Bahasan
15 Nov 2012 Pembangkitan dan kopling daya optik22 Nov 2012 Pembangkitan dan kopling daya optik, Quiz 329 Nov 2012 Detektor dan amplifier optik6 Des 2012 Desain link optik 113 Des 2012 Desain link optik 220 Des 2012 Metode pengukuran optik, quiz 427 Des 2012 Modulasi dan multiplexing serta jaringan optik
UAS
Saran/harapan anda
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Perkembang fiber?
Optical Fiber
Deploying Fiber at Mach 3
• Fiber is deployed at a rate of 2000 miles every hour
Kabel optik dunia...
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Di indonesia
Bandingkan....
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BW of Optical Fiber Transmission
Sejarah
Optical Era• Optical Fibers; 1978• Optical Amplifiers; 1990• WDM Technology; 1996• Multiple bands; 2002
• Microwaves and coaxial cables limited to B 100 Mb/s.• Optical systems can operate at bit rate >10 Tb/s.• Improvement in system capacity is related to the high frequency of optical waves (200 THz at 1.5 μm).
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Evolution of Light wave systems1st Generation: The development of low-loss fibers and semiconductor lasers (GaAs) in the 1970‘s.
A Gallium Aresenide (GaAs) laser operates at a wavelength of 0.8μm. The optical communication systems allowed a bit rate of 45Mbit/s and repeater spacing of 10km.
Example of a laser diode.
(Ref.: Infineon)
Evolution of Lightwave systems
2nd Generation: The repeater spacing could be increased by operating the lightwave system at 1.3μm. The attenuation of the optical fiber drops from 2-3dB/km at 0.8μm down to 0.4dB/km at 1.3μm. Silica fibers have a local minima at 1.3μm.
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2nd Generation: The transition from 0.8μm to 1.3μm lead to the 2nd Generation of lightwave systems. The bit rate-distance product can be further increased by using single mode fibers instead of multi-mode fibers.
Single mode fibers have a distinctly lower dispersion than multi mode fibers.
Lasers are needed which emit light at 1.3 μm.
3rd Generation: Silica fibers have an absolute minima at 1.55μm. The attenuation of a fiber is reduced to 0.2dB/km. Dispersion at a wavelength of 1.55μm complicates the realization of lightwave systems. The dispersion could be overcome by a dispersion-shifted fibers and by the use of lasers, which operate only at single longitudinal modes. A bit rate of 4Gbit/s over a distance of 100km was transmitted in the mid 1980‘s.
Traditional long distance single channel fiber transmission system.
Ref.: H. J.R. Dutton, Understanding optical communications
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3rd Generation: The major disadvantage of the 3rd Generation optical communication system is the fact that the signals are regenerated by electrical means. The optical signal is transferred to an electrical signal, the signal is regenerated and amplified before the signal is again transferred to an optical fiber.
4th Generation: The development of the optical amplifier lead to the 4th Generation of optical communication systems.
Schematic sketch of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).
Ref.: S.V. Kartalopoulos, Introduction to DWDM Technology
State of the Art optical communication system: Dense Wavelength Division Multiplex (DWDM) in combination of optical amplifiers. The capacity of optical communication systems doubles every 6 months. Bit rates of 10Tbit/s were realized by 2001.
Ref.: S. Kartalopoulos, WDWM Networks, Devices and Technology
Evolution of Lightwave systems
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Optical Fiber Communication Trends
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Optical Fiber Communication Sytem
Long-distance and CapacityCapacity (Bandwidth): 800nm to 1700nm at attenuation < 3dB/km
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Long-distance and Capacity
Long-distance and Capacity
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Advantages/Disadvantages of Optical Fiber
• Advantages– Noise resistance– Less signal attenuation– Higher bandwidth
• Disadvantages– Cost– Installation/Maintenance– fragility
Advantages of fiber optics
Much Higher Bandwidth (Gbps) - Thousands ofchannels can be multiplexed together over onestrand of fiber
Immunity to Noise - Immune to electromagneticinterference (EMI).
Safety - Doesn’t transmit electrical signals,making it safe in environments like a gaspipeline.
High Security - Impossible to “tap into.”
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Advantages of fiber optics
Less Loss - Repeaters can be spaced 75miles apart (fibers can be made to haveonly 0.2 dB/km of attenuation)
Reliability - More resilient than copper inextreme environmental conditions.
Size - Lighter and more compact thancopper.
Flexibility - Unlike impure, brittle glass,fiber is physically very flexible.
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Areas of Application
TelecommunicationsComputer network LA N,WAN Cable TVCCTVOptical Fiber SensorsNuclear plant instrument Industrial process control
system
Optical Fiber - Applications
• Long-haul trunks• Metropolitan trunks• Rural exchange trunks• Subscriber loops• LANs
