Site Planning and Layout In the design phase of a facility, fire protection
requirements are considered in the site layout Water supply, traffic and transportation
conditions, fire department access, and building exposures
Water Supply and Use Building designer should anticipate the needs of both the
fire department and automatic extinguishing systems Provide an adequate supply of water at an adequate
residual pressure. Cities may not be able to supply a sufficient amount of
water at required pressures to every part of the city May need to be boosted by pumps located on fire
department apparatus or the buildings Water pressure for high rise buildings
Traffic and Transportation Time Traffic conditions Access to buildings Fire Department Access Exterior accessibility - fire department apparatus from all
sides
Exposure From Other Buildings External fire hazards to neighboring structures Radiation and convection Factors Influencing Severity of Exposure
Temperature and duration Exposing Fire
Type of construction of exterior walls and roofs Width of exposing fire Height of exposing fire Percent of openings in exposing wall area
Exposed Building Type of construction of exterior walls and roofs Orientation and surface area of exposed exterior walls Percent of openings in exterior wall area Protection of openings
Exposure Protection Reference on Exposure Protection:
NFPA 80A, Recommended Practice for Protection of Buildings from Exterior Fire Exposures
Building Electrical Systems As part of the building design, consideration
must be taken with regards to electrical systems and equipment
Number of structure fires per year due to electrical equipment:
Electrical Distribution Equipment: 40,350 Appliance or Tool: 11,110 Heating Equipment: 5,830 Cooking Equipment: 5,210 Air-Conditioning or Refrigeration Equipment: 3,890
Sources for Fires Human Errors That Contribute to Fires Lack of Maintenance Improper Use Carelessness or Oversight Electrical Arcing Electrical Heating
Electrical Safeguards Grounding Guarding Over current Protection Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters
NEC Hazard Classifications Class I: Flammable Gases & Vapors
Division 1 Division 2
Class II: Combustible Dusts Division 1 Division 2
Class III: Ignitable Fibers Division 1 Division 2
Hazard Classifications How are the hazard classifications used in industry? How do “explosion proof wiring and electrical components
work? How would I select electrical equipment that is planned for
use in a hazardous location?
Codes and Standards NFPA 70: National Electrical Code OSHA Standards State and local electrical safety/building
codes Chicago Electrical Code Alaska Electrical Code
ANSI/IEEE: National Electrical Safety Code U.S. electrical industry and communications utility
field
National Electrical Code Format Chapter 1 General
Article 100 — Definitions Article 110 — Requirements
for Electrical Installations Chapter 2 Wiring and
Protection Articles 200 – 299
Chapter 3 Wiring Methods Articles 300 – 399
Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use Articles 400 – 499
Chapter 5 Special Occupancies Articles 500 – 599
Chapter 6 Special Equipment Articles 600 – 699
Chapter 7 Special Conditions Articles 700 – 799
Chapter 8 Communications Systems Articles 800 – 899
Chapter 9 Tables
OSHA Electrical Safety Standards 1910 Subpart S:
Electrical 1910.301 -
Introduction. 1910.302 - Electric
utilization systems. 1910.303 - General. 1910.304 - Wiring
design and protection. 1910.305 - Wiring
methods, components, and equipment for general use.
1910.306 - Specific purpose equipment and installations.
1910.307 - Hazardous (classified) locations.
1910.308 - Special systems.
1910.399 - Definitions applicable to this subpart.
Subpart S Appendix A - Reference Documents
OSHA Electrical Standards 1910.302(a) Scope
OSHA standards under Subpart S cover electrical installations and utilization equipment installed or used within or on buildings, structures, and other premises, including: Yards; Carnivals; Parking and other lots; Mobile homes; Recreational vehicles; Industrial substations; Conductors that connect the installations to a supply of
electricity; and Other outside conductors on the premises.
OSHA Electrical Standards 1910.302(b) Extent of application
Certain standards apply to certain applications based upon when they were designed and/or installed