Site Selection of Radioactive Waste
Disposal in Java Island
Radioactive Waste Technology CentreNATIONAL NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY
RWMTG Action Plan for Vision 2020
Phase Ⅱ Phase Ⅲ Phase Ⅳ
Joint Convention
Support System andDatabase System
Pre-Disposal
Disposal
Concerned with the Waste & Spent Fuels from Nuclear Power Plants
Concerned with the Waste from Research Reactors & Small Facilities
Phase I was implemented between 2007 and 2009
Generationof Radioactive Waste
Spent Fuel
Continuous Support of Member Countries Ratification
Continuous Improvement and Upgrade
Operation of Research Reactors & Small Facilities
Decommission of Research Reactors and Small Facilities
Low-Level Waste Disposal at Assumed Reference Site
・Evaluation of Radiation Inventory・Safety Assessment on Predisposal Facilities・Technologies for Predisposal ・Transportation etc.
Present Time2010~2012 2013~2016 2017~2020
Concerned with both of the above categories
Operational Waste from Research Reactors & Small Facilities
Information Exchangeof Basic Scheme
on Spent Fuel Storage of Spent Fuel
・Safety Regulation System ・Technical Standards・Safety Assessment for Disposal ・Environmental Data・Site Selection ・Public Involvement etc.
Operation of Nuclear
Power Plants
Operational Waste from Nuclear Power Plants
・Evaluation of Radiation Inventory・Safety Assessment on Predisposal Facilities・Technologies for Predisposal ・Transportation etc.
Decommissioning Waste from Research Reactors & Small Facilities・Evaluation of Radiation Inventory/Mass・Safety Regulation System・Clearance System (Inspection, Recycling) etc.
Decommissioning Waste from Nuclear Power Plants
・Evaluation of Radiation Inventory/Mass・Safety Regulation System・Clearance System etc.
Low-Level Waste Disposalat Candidate Site
・Safety Assessment for Disposal・Environmental Data ・Public Involvementetc.
・Safety Regulation System・Concept Design ・Operation・Public Involvement etc.
・Evaluation of Radiation Inventory/Mass・Operational Skill & Facility Operation・Safety Assessment for Storage Facilities etc.
Low
-Le
vel W
aste
Report of
IAEA EBP-Asia Expert Mission
To Review Site Evaluation Activities for a RW
Disposal Facility in JAWA ISLAND
25 – 29 Feb. 2008
KAWAKAMI, Yutaka NSRA, Japan
ZELENIK, Nadja ARAO, Slovenia
BANNAI, Toshihiro Technical Officer, IAEA
MOLLER, Kai
Technical Officer, IAEA
KEYSER, Peter
SWECO, Sweden
SOLENTE, Nicolas
ANDRA, France
Report of IAEA ANSA-Asia Expert Mission,Serpong – Banten, Indonesia, 6 – 10 JUNE 2011
To Review Site Evaluation Activities for a RW
Disposal Facility in JAVA ISLAND
RWTC
Disposal Technology Div.Development of Radioactive Waste Disposal
Technology
Disposal Site
Group
Disposal
Design Group
Disposal Safety
Group
Interrela
-tionship
Works scope Aspect of
Study
Phase Disposal
Variation
Fasility
Site Criteria,
Inventory,
Selection,
Characteri-
zation,
Confirmation
and
Monitoring of
site
Geology,
Geophysic,
Geochemistry,
Hydrogeology,
Geotechnic,
Env. Geology,
Geography,
Ecology,
Demography,
Soc-eco-culture
Concept,
Siting,
Design,
Construct-
ion,
Operation,
Closure,
Post-closure
Near Surface,
Landfill,
Borehole,
Geological
disposal
Lab
geology,
chemist,
instrument,
computer
Sw :
GIS, geology
Works scope Aspect of
Study
Phase Disposal
Variation
Fasility
Immobilisasi Physic,
chemist, and
mechanic of
materials
Concept,
Design,
Operation,
Post-closure
Cement,
bitumen, glass,
synrock
Lab chemist,
instrument,
computer
Package/
Container
Physic,
chemist, and
mechanic of
materials
Concept,
Design,
Operation,
Post-closure
Drum, shell,
container,
capsul,
HDPE bag
Lab chemist,
instrument,
computer
Repository :Vault, backfill,
buffer, lining,
drainase, piping,
water and gas
collector, cover,
acces, handling,
supporting facility
Physic,
chemist,
mechanic
architec,
layout,
esthetic.
Concept,
Design,
Construction,
Operation,
Closure,
Post-closure
Near Surface,
Landfill,
Borehole
Geological
disposal
Lab chemist,
instrument,
computer
Sw :
AutoCad
Works scope Aspect of
Study
Phase Disposal
Variation
Fasility
Safety criteria,
FEP&Scenario
Modelling,
Performance,
Safety Asses,
Comp. code,
Doc. SAR,
Doc. EIAR
Physic,
Chemist,
Mechanic,
Mathematic,
Computation,
Health/Safety
Bioscience,
Soc-eco-cult.
Concept,
Design,
Construction,
Operation,
Closure,
Post-closure
Near Surface,
Landfill,
Borehole,
Geological
Lab
geology,
chemist,
instrument,
computer
Sw :
Comp. code
BACKGROUND
The presence of radwaste from medical,
industry and research activities-managed by
RWTC
Plan development and operation NPP
Radwaste will arise that need to be managed
in a secure, safe and environmentally sound
immediately
Long-term needs for LILW: RWI, Storage and
Disposal
No. Jenis Limbah Inventory
1. Konsentrat (evaporasi) 19 concrete shells (950 L)
2. Spent Resin 79 concrete shells (950 L)
4. Limbah padat 824 drum (200 L)
6. Sumber terbungkus bekas 1397 buah
Why siting now? Answering public awareness
Anticipating land acquisition that become more
and more complicated & expensive
Supporting national NPP program
Confirming whether we have any appropriate and
safe site
Input for long term national radioactive waste
policy
Completing the job that had been done
Dominant radioactive waste volume
Transport safety
To make sure, whether we have any appropriate and safe site in this land
Identification of possible areas :
A. Designated by Authority
1. Karimunjawa Islands
Genting Island, basaltic lava host rock (1989-1990)
2. Masalembu Islands
Masalembu island, andesitic lava host rock (1989-1990)
Masakambing Island, andesitic lava host rock (1989-1990)
Keramaian Island, andesitic lava and sandstone host rock (1989-1990)
B. Co-location (Designated by Authority)
3. PPTN Serpong, volcanic host rock (tuff, conglomeratic tuff, tuffaceous sandstone) (1990 – 2005)
4. Muria Peninsula, volcanic host rock (1990-2005)
C. Systematic Siting
5. Jawa Island (Serang, Bogor, Karawang, Subang, Sumedang, Majalengka,
Rembang, Tuban), clay and crystalline host rocks (2006-Now)
6. Madura Island, clay host rock, (2006 and 2009)
1. Conceptual and Planning Stage
2. Area Survey Stage
3. Site Characterization Stage
4. Site Confirmation Stage
Identification of important siting factors Identification of potential host rock(s) Identification of possible siting area(s) Defining investigation objectives and
investigation programmes
Examining a broad region (result of stage1) to identify one or more potential sites
Phase 1 : area analysis (regional mapping phase)
to identify areas with potentially
suitable sites
Phase 2 : screening to select potential sites for
further evaluation
Studying the potential sites (result of stage-2) to identify the preferred site(s)
To demonstrate that they are acceptable in various respects, and in particular from the safety point of view
To obtain information needed to develop a preliminary site related design
Characterizing the preferred sites (result of stage-3) through detailed subsurface studies to determine acceptability from the safety point of view
Criteria of Disposal Site
Near Surface Disposal :
Geology Non Geology
1. Geomorfology
2. Lithology
3. Stratigraphy
4. Geological structure
5. Hydrology
6. Hydrogeology
7. Seismicity
8. Volcanism
1. Climate
2. Natural resources
3. Land uses and value
4. Distribution of population
5. Land acquisition
6. Accessibility
A. Stage of Sistematic Site Selection (IAEA, 1994):
1. Concept and Planning;
2. Area Survey;
3. Site characterization;
4. Site confirmation.
B. Co-location in Site Selection : Specific sites can be proposed by a local or national authorities
Site or land in the vicinity of existing nuclear facilities can be
determined as a special consideration,
Because of the potential benefits, particularly in relation to the
potential load reduction in the revenue aspect of society (public
acceptance) and transportation of waste.
SITE SELECTION FOR DISPOSAL
SITE SELECTION FOR DISPOSALSpatial Data Analysis :
Negative Screening
Negative Screening Method: filtering or avoiding country
region or certain territory that has been determined as
prohibited area for radioactive waste disposal.
Prohibited area such as :
Water recharge area or water resource area (aquifer).
Resident area with population density > 1000
people per mil square.
Conservation area, Wild life protection, and national park
Monument / Cultural herritage protected by regulation
Existing and/or future planning of special landuse.
SITE SELECTION FOR DISPOSALSpatial Data Analysis :
Positive Screening
Positive Screening Method : filter the remaining areas
escape from negative screening and add particular criteria
to determine about 10 prospective areas has the potential
corresponding to the disposal facility
In this discussion positive screening method outline can be grouped
into three ways, namely overlay or superimpose technique, scoring
and buffering.
Furthermore, more detailed screening of 10 candidate areas
identified, focused on the observation site and evaluate each site for
comparison get five potentially eligible site for construction of
waste storage facilities.
SerpongKarimun Islands
Muria
Masalembu Islands
Madura IslandTuban
Karawang
SubangRembang
Majalengka
32
Geologycal Map of
Jawa Island and
surrounding
33
Peta Penyebaran Batuan Lempung dan Batuan Beku di P.
Jawa dan Sekitarnya
Distribution of Clay and Igneous Rock
Jawa Island and surrounding
34
Earthquake Hazard Zone of Jawa Island
Surrounding
35
Groundwater Basin Map of Jawa Island
and Surrounding
36
Map of Potential Region for Radioactive
Waste Disposal in Jawa Island and
Surrounding
14
56
8 9
27
3
10
Site for Demo Plant
Disposal
• LILW in drum or concrete shell
1. Shallow Land Disposal (SLD) at/near NPParea (co-location), or
2. Rock Cavern Disposal (RCD) away from NPP (on igneous rock), or
3. SLD away from NPP (on claystone/ igneous rock)
HLW (SF) → Geological disposal (on claystoneigneous rock)
Trachite igneous rock at
G. Ragas, Jepara
Igneous rock hills
suitable for RCD and
SLD, Jepara
SOME VIEWSMuria NPP
LILW in drum or concrete shell 1. Shallow Land Disposal (SLD) at/near NPP
area (co-location), or
2. Rock Cavern Disposal (RCD) away from NPP (on igneous rock), or
3. SLD away from NPP (on claystone/ igneous rock)
HLW (SF) → Geological disposal (on claystone/ igneous rock)
Andesit igneous rock at Serang,
suitable for NSD/RCD
Andesitic hills at Serang, suitable for
NSD/RCD
SOME VIEWSBanten NPP
LILW in drum or concrete shell SLD away from NPP (on claystone)
HLW (SF) → Geological disposal (on claystone/igneous rock)
SOME VIEWSWest Java NPP
Claystone of Subang Formation,
suitable for NSD dan GD
Undulatory topography at
Sumedang, suitable for NSD dan
GD
SOME VIEWSWest Java NPP
• LILW in drum or concrete shell
1. SLD at/near NPP area (co-location), or
2. RCD away from NPP (on igneous rock), or 3. SLD away from NPP (on clay/igneous rock)
• HLW (SF) → Geological disposal (on igneous rock)
SOME VIEWSBangka NPP