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BonesThe skeleton has two major
parts:1. Axial skeleton are the
bones of the head and trunk
2. Appendicular skeleton are the bones of the pelvis shoulder girdle and limbs.
BonesFunctions of the skeleton1. Aid in movement of the body2. Support and protect internal
body organs3. Produce red and white blood
cells4. Store minerals for the bodies
usage.
BonesOssification-process of bone
formation.Ossification begins in week 8 of an
embryos development.A baby is born with 270 bones and
an adult has 206 bonesA babies bones are soft and
ossification continues and makes them hard and able to bear weight.
Bones Diaphysis-long bone
containing a shaft. Epiphysis-end of long bone Medullary canal-center of
the shaft where bone marrow is
Spongy bone-breakdown of hard bone
Periosteum-fibrous tissue covering the bone
BonesBone growth
starts from the center of the diaphysis and moves to the epiphyseal ends (end of the bones)
Bones
Osteoblasts-bone cells involved in the formation of new bone.
Osteoclasts-bone cells involved in the breakdown of old bone.
BonesWhen the epiephyseal cartilage is
completely ossified growth stops.
This is approximately 18 in females and 20-21 in males.
Does this mean bone growth stops? Why or why not?
Bones-Types Long Bones-arms
and legs Flat Bones-skull,
ribs, sternum Irregular bones-
spinal cord Short bones-
cubelike bones of the tarsals and carpals
Bones Open/Compound
Fracture- the fractured end penetrates the skin. Possible infection.
tibia/fibula fracture
Bones-Injuries Comminuted Fracture-
break in bone where it is fractured in many pieces
Tibia/fibula fracture
Bones Greenstick fracture-an
incomplete fracture in the shaft of a bone occuring in children. Think of a child’s bone as that of a young tree shoot, it bends and may break part way, but does not crack like an adult’s would.
Bones Stress fracture-small
incomplete break in the bone that results from overuse, weakness or biomechanical problems.
Bones Epiphyseal Plate
Fracture-break in the bone at the growth plate. Typically in children 10-16, most often at wrist or ankle.