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| Date post: | 13-Nov-2014 |
| Category: |
Technology |
| Upload: | persistent-systems-ltd |
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8 April 2023 2
We are at the early stage of a huge technology wave!
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It would be fun to ride the wave …
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… however, we could very easily be swept away by the wave
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This presentation is targeted to all those who are already in the water
and must avoid getting washed away and those who want to ride
the waves and join the excitement!
8 April 2023 6
This presentation is targeted to all those who are already in the water
and must avoid getting washed away and those who want to ride
the waves and join the excitement!
8 April 2023 7
What are these technology trends?
Meaning of SMAC, & smack … SMAC1 /smæk /[smak]
noun (used with technology)n.intr
1. Is an amalgamation of Social, Mobile, Analytics & Cloud Computing technologies for radically improving the effectiveness of a business process and/or change the underlying business model: Netflix used SMAC to drive Blockbuster out of business by re-imagining how movies were rented..
smack2 /smæk /[smak]
verb (used with object)v.intr
1. to strike sharply, especially with the open hand or a flat object. 2. to drive or send with a sharp, resounding blow or stroke: to smack a ball
over a fence.
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Cloud computing is already mainstream!
●Driven by economics ...… about 30%
reduction in costs!
– Cost of infrastructure – Cost of management of infrastructure
1
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Growth is being driven by larger companies investing in cloud infrastructure.
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Why does the cloud work?
Flexibility and agility
Cost Device and Location
Independence
Scalability
Multi-tenancy Security Maintenance Metering
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Mobility will be all pervasive
● Mobility is not just small screen. There is more.– Anytime, Anywhere access– Built for Presence and Location, – Task specific apps
● Mobile Devices tablets and smart phones smart devices smart sensors
● Build for mobility.
2
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As of Q1 2014:India has the second largest mobile subscriber base of933 million subscribers.
91.59 million of these are smartphones.
http://www.dazeinfo.com/2014/06/22/smartphone-apac-market-forecast-2014-2018-india-china-australia-japan-growth/#ixzz35SdE8Huy
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Sensors Connectivity People Processes
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Availability and ability to analyze large volumes of data has created new data-centric
businesses.
3
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8 April 2023 24 (http://www.datasciencecentral.com/profiles/blogs/data-veracity)
Big Buzz around Big Data
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The Path to Data Stack 3.0:Must support Variety, Volume and Velocity
26
Data Stack 3.0Dynamic Data Platform
Uncovering Key Insights
Schema less Approach
PBs of Data
End User Direct Access
Structured + Semi Structured
Data Stack 2.0Enterprise Data Warehouse
Support for Decision Making
Un-normalized Dimensional Model
TBs of Data
End User Access Through Reports
Structured
Data Stack 1.0Relational Database Systems
Recording Business Events
Highly Normalized Data
GBs of Data
End User Access through Ent Apps
Structured
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We live in a world of platforms and apps
4
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More than 75 Billion Apps Downloaded on the Apple AppStore.
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We are moving to a world of disposable apps in the enterprise!
●DIY apps●Rapid development
cycles●Task-centric apps●Common API-based
platform
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Open APIs has made the App EcoSystem possible.
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Enterprise Value is Shifting to Data
31
Mainframe
Operating Systems
ERP
Apps
Data
20152008
Database
199519851975Line of D
iminishing Value
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User Experience is most important
Mobile Devices Touch Gestures Voice
Wearable Devices Sensor Networks Augmented
RealityLarge Touch
Monitors
5
Rethinking the user
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and their need to be social
Focus on User
Experience
$$
35
The cost of software development is
significantly lower in the new cloud based software
stack
6
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Team Size
TimePeriod
TraditionalWays
On the Cloud
(<½ the time) x (<½ the team) < (¼ the cost)!
Ability to delay structure has profound impact on the architecture of modern systems
37
Schema/
Structure
Data
Focus on Read Structure rather than Write Structure
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Agile Development Cycle is best suited for Digital Transformation Projects
SMAC - Together!
39
Social• Leveraging the
Collective.• Reaching out to
the Collective
Mobility• Always
Connected - collecting & consuming.
• Spatial & temporal Context.
Analytics• Observe &
Optimize the process from data.
• Respond to customer in-situ.
Cloud • Flexible, & Cost
Effective Service Model.
• Adapt to changing needs
Social Stakeholder Smarts Setup
Leveraging SMAC to enhance digital experience.8 April 2023
8 April 2023 40http://www.surfscience.com/topics/learn-to-surf/surfing-101/
What must I l
earn to
tackle
the tech waves?
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Why Software is Eating the World …
More and more major businesses and industries are being run on software and
delivered as online services—from movies to agriculture to national defense. Many of
the winners are Silicon Valley-style entrepreneurial technology companies that
are invading and overturning established industry structures. Over the next 10 years,
I expect many more industries to be disrupted by software, with new world-
beating Silicon Valley companies doing the disruption in more cases than not.”
The Wall Street Journal in August 2011
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Some obvious things
● Software is being built by small teams with short cycles – Every individual needs to know more.
● Technology is changing rapidly– Must track and learn new technologies all the time.
● Scale is very important– Systems are being built to handle very large volumes
● Data Science is crucial– Sound fundamentals in Statistics and Algorithms is a must
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Adopt strategy for building skills:Combine breadth and depth
●Breadth across a wide number of technology areas.
●Depth in two areas:– One technology area– One domain area
Breadth
depth
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Framework for Modern Architecture
conceptstools
Fun
dam
en
tals
OS/Infrastructure
Pro
cess
an
d T
ools
Data
Middleware
App Frameworks
Mobility/ User Experience
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Basic Skills
● Good communication skills and ability to work in teams– English Writing and Speaking skills– Documentation
● Good Typing skills– Fast, all finger typing
● Spreadsheet and Presentation skills– Must know how to manipulate with
spreadsheets and make presentations
● Editors– Text Editors such as emacs, vi
Fun
dam
en
tals
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People think that computer science is the art of geniuses but the actual reality is the opposite, just many people doing things that build on each other, like a wall of mini stones.Donald Knuth
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Fundamentals of Computer Science● Data Structures
– Arrays, Heaps, Lists, Trees, Hash tables
● Algorithms– Sorting, Searching, Encryption,
● Complexity – Big O notation, space-time tradeoffs
● Machine Learning– Data Mining, Statistics
Fun
dam
en
tals
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Scale and Data Science are Crucial in the New World
● Statistics and Mathematics– Good understanding of Mathematics especially Statistics– Some skills in Matlab or equivalent
● Machine Learning is an integral part of automation– Algorithms– Data Mining– Tools for data mining
Fun
dam
en
tals
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Hands-on Programming Skills is a must!
● Programming– Object-oriented, Asynchronous Programming, Recursion, Regular
Expressions, Patterns - MVC
● Programming Languages– One language for core and heavy-duty programming such as
Java– One language which is interpreted and is
good for scripting such as Python, – Language of the web -- Javascript– One language that is different – functional,
event-based, such as Erlang or Scala
Fun
dam
en
tals
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User Experience and Design Thinking
Fun
dam
en
tals
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Processes and Tools
● Agile Development– Is well suited for small teams and short cycles
● DevOps – Hottest buzzword … about combining development and
operations.
● Tools– Release Management – Tools for automation
Pro
cess
an
d T
ools
Use Agile, a tried and tested methodology
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Build Incrementall
y & Iteratively
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan
Pro
cess
an
d T
ools
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“The best programs are written so that computing machines can perform them quickly and so that human beings can understand them clearly. A programmer is ideally an essayist who works with traditional aesthetic and literary forms as well as mathematical concepts, to communicate the way that an algorithm works and to convince a reader that the results will be correct.” ― Donald Ervin Knuth, Selected Papers on Computer Science
SAF: Scaled Agile Framework
Pro
cess
an
d T
ools
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What is DevOps?
● DevOps is the blending of tasks performed by a company's– application development and – systems operations teams.
● DevOps is a philosophy or cultural approach that promotes better – communication between the two teams as more elements
of operations become programmable.
Pro
cess
an
d T
ools
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DevOps Toolkit
● configuration management tools like Puppet and Chef,
● a repository like GitHub for storing versions of code, Jira for issues and bugs
● tools for monitoring how changes to code affect the environment like Nagios and
● scripting languages like Python, Perl, PHP and Javascript.
Pro
cess
an
d T
ools
● Each team comprises of 7 ±2 people● Scrum Master: Dedicated or shared● Product Owner (PO): Only one for a team, PO may work with multiple teams● Team can be based on Features, Components, Products etc.● About 100-125 people max at every Agile Release Train (ART)● Scrum with extreme programming XP engineering practices are used.● Design/Build/Test (DBT) teams deliver working, fully tested software every
two weeks. There are five to nine members of each team● Every tests, every codes
– Developers write code and automated unit tests– Testers work in parallel to write automated acceptance test cases– Developers are Testers work together to satisfy ‘definition of done’
SAFe: Team
Pro
cess
an
d T
ools
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Without real experience in using the computer to get useful results the computer science major is apt to know all about the marvelous tool except how to use it. Such a person is a mere technician, skilled in manipulating the tool but with little sense of how and when to use it for its basic purposes.
• Richard Hamming, 1968 Turing Award lecture, Journal of the ACM 16 (1), January 1969, p.6
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Technology Stack
● This is evolving very fast● Deployments are in the cloud● Data from Internet of Things● Consumption on mobile devices with
different form factors● Today’s environment is about
– Agility – short, iterative cycles– Scale – performance and volume
conceptstools
OS / Infrastructure
Data
Middleware
App Frameworks
Mobility/ User Experience
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OS/Infrastructure
● Cloud Deployments● Virtualization● SDX: Software Defined
X={Storage, Network, Data Center, …}
● Linux, Android, iOS● Cloud based
development
OS / Infrastructure
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A distributed system is one in which the failure of a computer you didn't even know existed can render your own computer unusable.
Leslie LamportTuring Award Winner
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Data
● Relational Databases● NoSQL Databases● Data at Scale● Fast access and
manipulation● From data to insights
● SQL● MongoDB● Cassandra● Hadoop/Map Reduce
Data
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Middleware
● Web Services● Security and Identity
Management● RESTful APIs● XML
Middleware
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App Frameworks
● Standard patterns that programmers use to ensure speed etc.
● MVC● Javascript is most popular● Node.js● Angular, Express, Ember
App Frameworks
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Mobility / User Experience
● Mobility and Mobile devices
● Technology is changing very rapidly
● User Experience is most crucial
● Android/iOS● HTML5/CSS3● Angular.JS● D3.js
Mobility/ User Experience
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The rise of Google, the rise of Facebook, the rise of Apple, I think are proof that there is a
place for computer science as something that solves problems
that people face every day.Eric Schmidt
Read more at http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/computer_science.html#fLPHy526G73lRgZF.99
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The Best Time to Plant a Tree
The best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago. The second best time is now.
Chinese Proverb
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Useful links
• GitHub guides
What is it?
Any professional software development project makes use of a version control system. Git is one of them. It is essentially a repository of files, typically source code files, shared between multiple people on the team. It tracks changes made to the files by different people, notifies them about any conflicts in their changes and enables them to resolve the conflicts, thus maintaining a single view of the source code for the entire team.
Github is a website that hosts repositories using Git as the version control system.
for Version Control
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What is it?
Software projects need to be planned and tracked to ensure that they are delivered on time, within budget and with desired quality. Jira is a project management tool that adopts the commonly used and preferred Agile methodology. Jira has features to plan sprints, view the backlog, track key metrics, trace requirement to code, and to enable teams to collaborate.
Useful links
● Jira test project● Jira Agile● Jira demo videos
for Agile project management
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What is it?
Chef automates the configuration and management of the infrastructure, i.e. servers and applications. It makes it easy to deploy the infrastructure to any physical, virtual, or cloud location, no matter what the size of the infrastructure is. Chef enables the system administrator to create “recipes” or abstract definitions describing how each part of the infrastructure should be built and managed. These definitions are managed like source code. Chef then applies those definitions to servers and applications, as specified, resulting in a fully automated infrastructure.
Useful links
● Getting started with Chef
● Learn Chef● Learning Chef
Series
for automated infrastructure management
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What is it?
APIs are windows through which applications on the web communicate with each other and share data. Facebook, Amazon, Google Maps and innumerable others expose their services over APIs which enables developers to programmatically avail their services and create interesting mashups. For example, wherever you see a “Share this on Facebook” icon, a Facebook API is being called in the background.
REST is an architectural style of building APIs and a popularly used one. It leverages the HTTP protocol that has made the web what it is today.
Useful links
● How to GET a Cup of Coffee
● REST in Practice by Jim Webber
● How to use APIs from Twitter, Google & Facebook
for opening up services and data
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What is it?
OAuth is important for enabling web apps to use the services of other apps through APIs. It is an authentication protocol that allows the end user to say, “like” any blog she comes across using her Facebook profile without the blogging website getting access to her Facebook password.
Useful links
● OAuth for your API: The Big Picture
● Twitter Dev FAQ for OAuth
for security in the world of connected APIs
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What is it?
Javascript is THE language of the Web and is increasingly penetrating in the full stack of modern application development.Javascript Object Notation (JSON) is a format to represent data during interchange such as over an API. It is popular because of its language indepenence, lightweight (so network friendly), human readable, and can be easily parsed by machines.
Useful links
● Javascript: The Good Parts by Douglas Crockford
● JSON for beginners videos
for representing interchangeable data
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What is it?
AngularJS is a entirely client-side framework for creating web apps such as Gmail with complex dynamics. It brings MVC capability to browser based apps. It does this through a rich vocabulary of directives that embed dynamic action.
Useful links
https://angularjs.org/
for creating complex web apps
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What is it?
D3.js is a Javascript library for creating powerful visualizations based on data. Data is an important asset and can give critical insights, but by itself data is difficult to make sense of. What is needed are visual views of the data that bring out the meaning in it.
Useful links
http://d3js.org/
for creating powerful visualizations
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What is it?
Massive amount of data is being generated continuously. To process large data sets, scale-out architecture and MapReduce are used to divide the large data into small chunks and process it in parallel on commodity hardware. Hadoop is an open-source implementation of MapReduce.
Useful links
● http://hadoop.apache.org/
● http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r1.2.1/mapred_tutorial.html
for processing large data sets
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for building event-driven applications
What is it?
Node.js and express.js together are a framework for easily building real-time event-driven apps with high throughput and low latency, example web chat.They are both in Javascript which allows for code sharing on server and client side.Together with Angular and MongoDB they are known as the MEAN stack or Javascript full stack.
Useful links
● Understanding event-driven programming
● MEAN Stack
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for creating quick prototypes
What is it?
HTML5 and CSS3 are the latest of these standards. They can be used for creating static prototypes quickly.
Useful links
● HTML5 Introduction● CSS3 Introduction
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SDKs for creating mobile apps
What is it?
iPhone and Android software development kits (SDKs) allow developers to create native apps that can be run on mobile and tablet devices.
Useful resources
● iOS Dev Center● Android Developers
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Useful resources
● Visual guide to NoSql systems● Comparison of NoSql DBs
for storing really BIG data
Pick Two
Partition Tolerance
Availability
Consistency MongoDB
Cassandra
Neo4j,RDBMS
What is it?
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What is it?
Python works on the philosophy that speed of development is important. Readable and terse code is part of this, and so is access to powerful constructs that avoid tedious repetition of code.
Useful resources● Python Tutorial● Django Getting Started
for getting up and running quickly
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What is it?
Gets you the best of all programming worlds. Manage your domain complexities with OO constructs while implementing behaviors with the power of Functional programming. All this comes with the time-tested goodness of JVM.
Useful resources
● Course on Scala by Martin Odersky
for all the heavy-lifting
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What is it?
xUnit testing frameworks allow automation of unit tests ensuring that existing code doesn’t break as more and more code gets added. JUnit, PyUnit and Qunit complement to programming languages Scala, Python and Javascript.
Useful resources
● JUnit● PyUnit● QUnit
JUnit, PyUnit, QUnit to create robust code
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Vi, Sublime Text Editors for writing code
What is it?
Use a powerful text editor such as Vi or Sublime to punch in code. NOT Notepad.
Useful resources
● Vi Editor● Sublime Text
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Shell Commands & Scripting
What is it?
Most elements of your stack have shell interfaces. Be comfortable with shell commands and have a basic knowledge of shell scripting to be able to quickly run and automate most tasks such as builds, debugging etc.
Useful resources
• The Unix Programming Environment by Kernighan & Pike
