SKIN COURSES FROM PART I TO IXSKIN COURSES FROM Part (I TO Part
IX).
SKIN, HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE. Part I. CE TRACKER# 20-655631.
Authors: Carmen I. Perez HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, M.D. Maritza
R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, Ph.D. Medical Sc.
Created: 01/14/2019 Updated: 07/12/2020 Course Description: This is
the first part of a series of third individual courses designated
to excel in the area of work of dermatological specimens in the
clinical laboratory of Pathology. This first course reviews all the
normal histology of skin, and its appendages through the optical
and electron microscope. Objectives: 1.0. Introduction to the skin,
and its appendage. 1.1. Explain origin of the skin. 1.2. List and
explain functions of the skin. 1.3. Identify and describe the
different layers of skin 1.4. Identify and describe the epidermis.
2.0. Describe the histological structure of the dermis. 2.1.
Describe the histological structure of the papillary layer. 2.2.
Describe the histological structure of the reticular layer. 2.3.
Describe histological structure of hypodermis. 3.0. List the skin
appendages. 3.1. Introduction to hair structure and origin. 3.2.
List parts of the hair. 3.3. Describe the histological structure of
the hair. 3.4. List layer of the hair and describe them. 3.5.
Describe cycle of hair growth. 4.0. Describe histology of sebaceous
gland. 5.0. Describe histology of sweat glands. 6.0. Describe
histology of nails CE credits: Total CE credit (1) Credits, 1 CE
Histology
Delivery method: Live, classroom
Course hours: 1 hours.
• 10 questions • Passing score
• Clinical laboratory Histotechnician, Histotechnologist, Research
technician, Biology laboratory personnel.
Content outline: 1.0. Introduction to the skin, and its appendage.
1.1. Origin of the skin. 1.2. Functions of the skin. 1.3.
Histological Characteristic of the different layers of skin 1.4.
Epidermis, characteristic histological of cells of skin. M/O and
M/E. 2.0. Histological structure of the dermis, in papilar and
reticular layer. 2.1. Describe the histological structure of the
papillary layer. 2.2. Describe the histological structure of the
reticular layer. 2.3. Describe histological structure of
hypodermis. 3.0. List the skin appendages. 3.1. Introduction to
hair structure and origin. 3.2. List parts of the hair. 3.3.
Describe the histological structure of the hair. 3.4. List layer of
the hair and describe them. 3.5. Describe cycle of hair growth.
4.0. Describe histology of sebaceous gland. 5.0. Describe histology
of sweat glands. 6.0. Describe histology of nails Authors
information: Carmen I. Perez.
Ms. Perez is a Senior Histotechnologist, Supervisor Florida at the
Dermatopathology Laboratory of the Department of Dermatology and
Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of
Medicine.
She attended Faculty Medicine, Havana Cuba and earned the degree of
Doctor in Medicine in 1976; she graduated later as Specialist of
the first level in Oncology 1982 Havana, Cuba.
Ms. Perez has a long work history in oncology, histology, cytology,
and hematology which is supported by their multiple's publications,
and presentations reflected in her curriculum vitae.
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She began working in the histology field as soon as she graduated
first as Histology technician at School of Histology Technician,
Havana, Cuba. 1963, working then at Dermatology Department of
Hospital Fajardo Havana Cuba, later her experience leads her to
teach medical students at Faculty of Medicine of Matanzas Cuba as
Instructor of Histology later at Faculty Julio Trigo, Havana. BSc
accredited in FIU Florida 1995, Histotechnologist and Supervisor in
Florida since 1995 to 2009, respectively. She worked at Pathology
Department of University of Miami, Fl, 1994, and later as Senior
Histotechnologist, Supervisor Florida at the Dermatopathology
Laboratory of the Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery,
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. She has specialized
in Special Stains, IHC, and technical Supervisor of grossing
area.
Maritza R. Martinez
She is a freelance writer of histology courses, audio-visual aids,
PowerPoint and website content. She is Manager of small business
company MEDLAB educational & Research Services. LLC.
She has worked in Histology field since she graduated from Faculty
of the Medicine University of Havana in 1970, Specialist of
Histology first and second degree 1975 and 1992, respectively. She
was appointed a Full professor of Histology at Faculty of
Medicine1989-1993. Earned Ph.D. degree in Medical Science in Cuba
in the field of Histology in 1981. She was appointed Chairperson of
Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Havana Cuba in
1975-1979, 1980-1982, 1990-1992 a position that she held for nine
years. In 1990 she was Head of the group of research of monoclonal
antibody. She is Author of Histology, a textbook for medical
students of Department of Histology Faculty of Medicine Havana
Cuba, published in 1987 for Editorial Pueblo y Educacion and
reprinted in 1990. Her experience as a lecturer in Histology,
medical education for 23 years led her to create programs for
medical students and residency programs for postgraduate in
Histology residency in Cuba.
BSc accredited in FIU Florida 1995. Histotechnologist, and
Supervisor in Florida since 1995.
Ms. Martinez worked al Pathology Department, at University of Miami
as a cytotechnician in 1994, later she worked as Histotechnologist
at Neurology Department at University of Miami, Miller School of
Medicine in the Clinical Laboratory of muscle and nerve pathology,
later as Senior Histotechnologist, Supervisor Florida 2010 at the
Dermatopathology Laboratory of the Department of Dermatology and
Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
(retired) where she specialized in histochemistry, special stains
and IHC.
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DERMATOLOGICAL SPECIMENS, REGULATORY AND SAFETY PROCEDURES FOR
TRANSPORTATION, COLLECTION AND ACCESSIONING. Part II. CE TRACKER#
20-728294 Authors: Carmen I. Perez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, M.D
Maritza R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, Ph.D. Medical
Science. Created: 02/1/2019 Updated: 7/9/2019
Description:
The second part of this series of courses is dedicated to
recognizing and describe the regulatory and safety procedures for
dermatological specimens (collection. accessioning) This includes
the understanding of quality assurance and quality control measures
in dermatopathological laboratories.
It is known around the eighty percent of errors occurs in the
reception and grossing area of the clinical laboratories.
A well-trained technical staff understands the principles and
knowledge to perform the procedures established in the laboratory
and how to proceed with the various specimens received in the
dermatopathology laboratory, to maintain patient- specimen
integrity and accuracy through the collection and accessioning of
specimens.
Objectives: 1.0. Understand the principles of good laboratory
practices (GLP). 1.1. Recognize and describe the regulatory and
safety procedures for specimen
reception, identification, and handling of dermatological
specimens. 1.2. Understanding of quality assurance and quality
control measures in dermatopathology laboratory. 2.0. Understand
the steps and care for specimen collection and transport. 3.0.
Summarizes importance and action taken to maintain patient/specimen
integrity and
accuracy through the collection of specimens. 4.0. Demonstrate
knowledge of the principles of transportation of specimens,
fixation, handling, and processing of dermatological specimens.
5.0. Describe how to proceed with special orders in dermatology as
immunofluorescent order. 6.0. Demonstrate and exhibit positive
professional attitudes at all time in the
laboratory, including confidentially and ethical
decision-making.
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CE credits: Total CE credit (1) Credits, 1 CE Histology
Delivery method: Live, classroom
• 10 questions • Passing score
• Clinical laboratory Histotechnician, Histotechnologist, Research
technician, Biology laboratory personnel.
Content outline: 1. Understand the principles of good laboratory
practices (GLP). 2. Recognize and describe the regulatory and
safety procedures for specimen reception,
identification, and handling of dermatological specimens. 3.
Understanding of quality assurance and quality control measures in
dermatopathology laboratory. 4. Understand the steps and care for
specimen collection and transport. 5. Summarizes importance and
action taken to maintain patient/specimen integrity and accuracy
through the collection of specimens. 6. Demonstrate knowledge of
the principles of transportation of specimens, fixation, handling,
and processing of dermatological specimens. 7. Describe how to
proceed with special orders in dermatology as immunofluorescent,
others. 8. Demonstrate and exhibit positive professional attitudes
at all time in the laboratory, including confidentially and ethical
decision-making. 9. Demonstrate knowledge of the principles of
laboratory safety.
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SURGICAL GROSSING OF DERMATOLOGICAL SPECIMEN. Part III. CE TRACKER#
20-664318
Authors: Carmen I. Perez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, M.D Maritza
R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, Ph.D. Medical Science.
Created: 02/1/2019 Updated: 7/9/2019
Description:
The third part of this series of courses is dedicated to update the
basic function and management of the gross room, well trained
personnel is needed in the reception and grossing area of the
clinical laboratories to have the best understanding of the
principles, the procedures and protocols established in the gross
room area of the laboratory.
How to proceed with the various types of dermatological specimens
received in the dermatopathology laboratory guarantee the proper
handling and processing of the specimen to the correct diagnosis or
treatment of the patient. Training in safety and exposure to
dangerous pathogens, chemicals and other safety risk of the gross
rooms are reviewed.
Objectives:
1. Summarize how to set up, operate and maintain instruments for
gross room station.
2. List of instruments and supplies for room station.
3. Understand the anatomical terms used for orientation of tissues
and inking of specimens for macroscopically and microscopic
orientation.
4. Demonstrate knowledge of the principles of fixation and handling
of dermatological specimens.
5. Describe the various specimens receive in the dermatology
laboratory.
6. Describe the most common grossing protocol for biopsies shaves,
punches and excisions.
7. Describe how excision are grossed with orientation and
without.
8. Potential grossing errors, how to prevent them.
9. Demonstrate and exhibit positive professional attitudes at all
time in the laboratory, including confidentially and ethical
decision-making. HIPPA
10. Demonstrate knowledge of the principles of laboratory
safety.
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CE credits: Total CE credit (1) Credits, 1 CE Histology Delivery
method: Live, classroom
Course hours: 1 hours. Content: 10 pages Exam Information:
• 10 questions • Passing score
Content Outline
1. How to set up, operate and maintain instruments for gross room
station.
2.0 List of instruments and supplies for room station.
3.0 Orientation of tissues and inking of specimens for
macroscopically and microscopic orientation.
4.0 Fixation and handling of dermatological specimens.
5.0 Types of specimens receive in the dermatology laboratory.
6.0 Describe grossing protocols.
c. grossing protocol for excisions.
7.0 Excision are grossed with orientation and without.
8.0 Grossing potential error.
EMBEDDING IN PARAFFIN, DERMATOLOGICAL SPECIMENS. PART IV. CE
TRACKER# 20-728828
Authors: Carmen I. Perez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, M.D Maritza
R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, Ph.D. Medical Science.
Created: 02/1/2019 Updated: 7/10/2019
Description:
This course examines the proper embedding of standardized
techniques for skin specimens to obtain optimal diagnostic slides
from skin. It is known that the orientation of skin tissue in
embedding is determined by the epidermis. The proper orientation
has the most impact on the diagnostic, if the lesion area is cut
away, a diagnosis is not possible. That is one of the reasons that
some Histotechnician consider the skin embedding a challenge.
Objectives:
1. Summarize histology of skin, layers. 2. Outline general rules of
tissue embedding. 3. Describe skin embedding techniques. 4.
Recognize embedding artifact and how troubleshoot them. 5. List
alternative embedding media.
CE credits: Total CE credit (1) Credits, 1 CE Histology
Delivery method: Live, classroom
• 10 questions • Passing score
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a. Epidermis
b. Dermis
a. Embedding in paraffin definition.
b. General embedding of a tissue in paraffin
c. Choosing the correct paraffin, mold and cassettes
d. Types of orientation a tissue of different organs.
3. Skin Embedding protocols.
4. Artifacts in the embedding process and how to avoid them.
5. Alternative embedding media.
CUTTING SECTIONS IN PARAFFIN, DERMATOLOGICAL SPECIMENS. PART V. CE
TRACKER# 20- 728834.
Authors: Carmen I. Perez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, M.D Maritza
R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, Ph.D. Medical Science.
Created: 02/1/2019 Updated: 7/10/2019
Description:
This course examines the proper cutting techniques for skin
specimens to obtain optimal diagnostic slides from skin. It is
known that the orientation and cutting sections has the most impact
on the diagnostic, if the lesion area is cut away, a diagnosis is
not possible. That is one of the reasons that some Histotechnician
consider the skin cutting a challenge.
Objectives:
1. Summarize histology of skin, layers. 2. Outline general rules of
tissue sectioning in paraffin. 3. Describe skin sectioning
techniques. 4. Recognize sectioning artifacts and how troubleshoot
them. 5. Describe other alternative cutting methods.
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CE credits: Total CE credit (1) Credits, 1 CE Histology
Delivery method: Live, classroom
• 10 questions • Passing score
Content Outline:
a. Epidermis
b. Dermis
a. Choosing the correct knives.
d. Orientation of the skin during embedding.
3. Skin sectioning protocols.
4. Artifacts in the sectioning process and how to avoid them.
5. Alternative cutting sections.
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HAIR HISTOLOGY, AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR SCALP PUNCH BIOPSIES. PART VI.
CE TRACKER# 20-728834
Authors: Carmen I. Perez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, M.D Maritza
R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, Ph.D. Medical Science.
Created: 02/1/2019 Updated: 7/10/2019
Description:
Getting a proper scalp biopsy and following the stablished protocol
steps during accessioning, grossing and embedding are important
elements in diagnosing a patient with hair loss.
This course is oriented to review the histological structure of the
hair, the importance of the diagnosis and care of technical staff
of the request of the physician about the test to be done, which
must be noted by technical personnel during accessioning, the
surgical grossing techniques and embedding protocols of scalp punch
biopsies. Recommendations for cutting sections of transversal punch
biopsies are reviewed.
Objectives:
This course is oriented to review the histological structure of the
hair, accessioning, embedding protocol for general skin punch
biopsies and scalp biopsies. Recommendations of transverse cut
sections of scalp hairs.
Intended audience:
CE credits: Total CE credit (1) Credits, 1 CE Histology
Delivery method: Live, classroom
Course hours: 1 hours. Content: 10 pages Content Outline: Content
outline: 1.0. Anatomy of the hair and hair follicle 1.1. Origin of
the hair 1.2. Histological Characteristic of the different layers
of the hair follicle. 1.3. Hair follicles cycles of hair growth.
2.0. Describe histology of sebaceous gland. 3.0. Describe histology
of sweat glands. 4.0. Accessioning, fixation of punch biopsy.
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4.1. Grossing protocols of punch biopsies of skin and scalp biopsy
4.2. Embedding protocols on punch biopsies of skin and scalp
biopsy. 4.3. Cutting protocols of skin punch biopsies and scalp.
NAIL HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE, ACCESSIONING, PROCESSING, CUTTING, AND
STAINS FOR HISTOPATHOLOGY STUDIES, PART VII. CE TRACKER#
20-729012
Authors: Carmen I. Perez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, M.D Maritza
R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, Ph.D. Medical Science.
Created: 02/1/2019 Updated: 7/10/2019
Description:
Nail disorders can arise at any age. About half of all nail
disorders are of infectious origin, 15% are due to inflammatory or
metabolic conditions, and 5% are due to malignancies and pigment
disturbances. The differential diagnosis of nail disorders is an
area of interest of histopathology. Malignant tumors of the nails
are often not correctly diagnosed at first. For subungual melanoma,
the mean time from the initial symptom to the correct diagnosis is
approximately 2 years; this delay can be partly responsible for the
low 10-year survival rate of only 43%. A correct histological
evaluation of the nail tissue is an important diagnostic
instrument. This course is designated to aim to improve the
knowledge and skills of the technical personnel trough all steps of
the nail histology procedure in the histopathology
laboratory.
Objectives:
1.0. Describe the anatomy of the nail. 1.1. Summarize histological
characteristic of nails. 2.0. Describe areas of pathological
interest. 3.0. Accessioning and fixation of nail 3.1.
Recommendations to avoid falling off the nail clipping. 4.1. List
common regular and special stains used for nail histopathological
studies.
CE credits: Total CE credit (1) Credits, 1 CE Histology
Delivery method: Live, classroom
• 10 questions • Passing score
Content Outline:
1.0. Anatomy of the nail. Parts 1.1. Normal histology of nails.
2.0. Areas of pathological interest in nails. Common pathologies.
3.0. Accessioning and fixation of nail recommendations 3.1.
Recommendations to avoid falling off the nail clipping. 3.2.
Recommendations for cutting nail embedded in paraffin. 4.1. List
common regular and special stains used for nail histopathological
studies.
DERMATOLOGICAL SPECIMENS, USEFUL SPECIAL STAINS USED IN THEIR
DIAGNOSTIC. PART VIII.
CE TRACKER #: 20-729078 Authors: Carmen I. Perez. HTL, BSc
accredited by FIU, M.D Maritza R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by
FIU, Ph.D. Medical Science. Created: 02/1/2019 Updated: 7/12/2019
Description:
Diagnostic evaluation of disorders of skin tissue is largely based
on a thorough examination of the sections stained with hematoxylin
and eosin (H&E). Additional special stains may be used to
highlight or identify features that are not easily seen on an
H&E stain. The choice of stain or panel of stains depends on
the findings on initial assessment, the clinical context, and the
preference of the pathologist. Every patient may require several
special stains for an optimal assessment. The intent of this course
is to discuss the common stains used in the evaluation of
dermatological specimens.
There are a lot of special stains available in the histopathology
laboratory that can be used for the detection of microorganisms y/
or cellular components. Due to complexity of some of the special
stain procedures and other factors, the quality of stain sometimes
can be poor and no suitable tor diagnosis, this failure can be
solved in dependence of the skills of the technical personnel. Some
more advances laboratories have special staining automatic
machines, making easier the task and reducing the TAT of the
laboratory. However, all technical personnel must seriously
consider having the manual skills of perform any special stain
needed in the laboratory, this complete the qualification of the
personnel. This participation in this course will be of aim to
complete and update the knowledge and skills necessary in this
important area of work.
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Objectives:
1.0. Understand staining methods used in the clinical
histopathology for skin pathologies. 2.0. List special stains used
in histopathological studies of skin tissue. 3.0. Describe purpose,
methods and procedures of each of them. 4.0. Discuss more common
factors than can affect the quality of special stain results and
how troubleshoot them. 5.0. Demonstrate skills to follow a stain
protocol and prepare working solutions.
CE credits: Total CE credit (1) Credits, 1 CE Histology
Delivery method: Live, classroom
• 10 questions • Passing score
Content Outline
1.0 Components of skin tissue and staining methods used in
histopathology of skin
2.0 Special stains used in skin tissue studies.
2.1 CONECTIVE TISSUE: COLLAGEN; PTHA – Mallory, Masson Trichrome,
Movat, Picric Sirious, H Gomori one-step trichrome, Van Gieson
ELASTIC FIBERS: Verhoeff RETICULIN; Gordon&Sweet, PTHA
MUCOPOLISACHARIDES: Alcian Blue, colloidal Iron. AMYLOID: Crystal
Violet, Congo Red BACTERIA: B&B, AFB Ziehl-Nelsen, Fite
-Faraco, Steiner, Mucicarmin FUNGUS: PAS, GMS, PIGMENTS: melanin,
Fontana-Masson MINERALS: Iron, Von Kossa-Calcium.
3.0 Purpose, methods and procedures of each of stains listed
above.
4.0 Factors that affect results and quality of special stains and
how troubleshooting 4.1 Troubleshooting
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OVERVIEW OF IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY (IHC) OF THE SKIN.
Part IX CE TRAKER #20-729286. Authors: Carmen I. Perez. HTL, BSc
accredited by FIU, M.D Maritza R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by
FIU, Ph.D. Medical Science. Created: 02/1/2019 Updated:
7/15/2019
Authors: Carmen I. Perez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, M.D Maritza
R. Martinez. HTL, BSc accredited by FIU, Ph.D. Medical Science.
Created: 02/1/2019 Updated: 7/12/2019
Description:
Diagnostic evaluation of disorders of skin tissue is largely based
on a thorough examination of sections stained with hematoxylin and
eosin (H&E). Additional IHC stains are used by the pathologist
to highlight or identify features that are not easily interpret on
an H&E stain. The choice of IHC stain or panel of stains
depends on the findings on initial assessment, the clinical
context, and the preference of the pathologist. Every patient may
require several IHC stains for an optimal assessment. Some more
advances laboratories have IHC automatic machines, making easier
the task and reducing the TAT of the laboratory. However, all
technical personnel must seriously consider having the skills to
perform any IHC stain needed in the laboratory, this complete the
qualification of the technical personnel. The participation in this
course will be of aim to complete the knowledge and skills
necessary in this important area of work.
The intent of this course is to discuss IHC stains used in the
evaluation of dermatopathology specimens.
Objectives:
1.0. Understand staining methods used in the clinical
histopathology for skin pathologies. 2.0. Explain factors that
affect results and quality of IHC stain and how troubleshooting
them. 3.0 List IHC stains used in skin tissue 4.0 Discuss more
common factors than can affect the quality of IHC stain
results.
CE credits: Total CE credit (1) Credits, 1 CE Histology
Delivery method: Live, classroom
Course hours: 1 hours.
• 10 questions • Passing score
Content Outline:
1.0. Staining methods used in the clinical histopathology for skin
pathologies.
2.0. Factors that affect results and quality of IHC stain and how
troubleshooting them.
3.0. IHC stains panels used in skin pathologies.
4.0. Common factors than can affect the quality of IHC stain
results.
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