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Summary of control functions

To navigate through the modules there are a number of ‘control functions’ and ‘symbols’:

Return to start of module

Previous slide

Next slide

Tasks

External Hyperlinks & Internal Hyperlinks

Slide numbers are displayed here so you can see your progress. It is important to

learn at your own pace, so don’t rush. Try to finish each sub-section you start then come

back later to start the next one if you have other commitments.

Note: To enable you to click on the navigation buttons and links, you must view this module in fullscreen Slide Show mode

Some, but not all, slides have a soundtrack which will play automatically – you may wish to find a quiet room to review this module or use headphones. If you would like to start the soundtrack again, double click on the loud speaker icon at the top left hand corner.

Rethink Waste Module 1: Slide 2 of 81

Objectives of Rethink Waste

After working through the three modules in this package you will:

• Be familiar with the principles of resource efficiency

• Appreciate the importance of prioritising resource efficiency improvements

• Have learnt the key drivers for business resource efficiency and the importance of these to different people within your company

• Be able to use a range of tried and tested techniques to identify business resource efficiency opportunities

• Be capable of developing an Action Plan summarising key resource efficiency opportunities for your site

• Be able to prioritise this Action Plan to help you achieve quick wins and continual improvement

• Know where to go for further help/information/advice


Chapter 1 - Introduction

In order to help you achieve these objectives, we have broken the training materials into :

Module 1: Understanding Resource Efficiency & Establishing Your Baseline

Module 2: Identifying cost and resource saving improvements & developing an Action Plan

Module 3: How to prioritise your Action Plan and start implementing key measures

You will also:

•Receive regular e-mails from the Rethink Waste team•Be signposted to key publications and tools to help you apply what you learn•Have access to a broad range of further information and tools via the Rethink webpage•Have the opportunity to ask questions through the resource efficiency advice line

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Note: Throughout this initiative there will be references to Envirowise in the downloadable materials. Rethink Waste was run by Envirowise last year, but now WRAP are delivering this initiative as part of the single body on resource efficiency.

Rethink Waste modules


Rethink Waste is designed to help you improve the resource efficiency of your business

Consider the following steps as the way to get started:

•Identify resources you use and waste (Module 1)

•Establish your baseline (Module 1)

•Identify what resource efficiency options are available to you (Module 2)

•Prepare an Action Plan (Module 2)

•Prioritise your Action Plan (Module 3)

•Measure, monitor and manage the implementation of your Action Plan (Module 3)


This module will cover the following subjects:

1. Introduction

2. Drivers For Resource Efficiency

3. Establishing Your Baseline

4. Finding Data

5. Using your data effectively

6. Summary & Next Steps

Use hyperlinks to move to a particular section. Otherwise click ‘Next’….

You can return to this page at any time by clicking ‘Home’

Rethink Waste Module 1: Establishing your Baseline


WASTE & RESOURCE EFFICIENCY

Introduction


A quick introduction to waste – the facts

WASTE FACTS

• 600 million tonnes raw resources used by industry per year.

• On average 93% production materials are never used in the final product.

• 75 million tonnes of solid waste goes to landfill each year.

• Cost £15 billion per year.

• This is unsustainable, it’s uneconomic – we need to do something.


What is ‘resource efficiency’?

Looking at eliminating or reducing the use of materials or utilities (energy and water) to make a process more efficient or eliminating/reducing or recycling waste from that process.

Materials

Energy

Water


Waste hierarchy

The Waste Framework Directive established the meaning of ‘Waste’ and the ‘Waste Hierarchy’. The hierarchy is a conceptual model for selecting waste management options.


What does it mean?

It is easy to gloss over the waste hierarchy without appreciating the meaning of

‘Eliminate’

‘Reduce’

‘Re-use’

‘Recycle’

‘Dispose’

Some examples of improvement options for each of the above for simple paper waste are highlighted in the next few slides together with details of the hidden costs you may incur if you do not apply these options…..


Eliminate paper use

Option Possible hidden costs

Do you need to print it at all? Printing and handling costs, filing/storage and archiving costs

Accept orders by e-mail Handling costs, filing/storage and archiving costs

Send confirmations by e-mail Postage, filing/storage and archiving costs

Send literature by e-mail Printing, postage, envelope/covering letter and handling costs

Produce manuals electronically Postage and printing costs

Payments by BACS not cheque Cheque costs, banking charges, envelope and postage costs


Reduce paper use


Reduce size e.g. substitute A3 for A4 Printing and handling costs, filing/storage and archiving costs

Use double side printing Postage, handling, filing/storage and archiving costs

Ensure standard forms are single page Postage, filing/storage and archiving costs

Customise IT packages to print out only what you want

Printing, postage, envelope/covering letter and handling costs


Re-use paper


Re-use envelopes for internal circulation Ordering costs, storage

Re-use CD envelopes Ordering costs, storage

Re-use padded envelopes Ordering costs, significant reduction in waste volumes, storage

Use scrap for printing drafts Ordering costs

Re-use scrap single-sided copies for notepads

Disposal costs


Recycle paper


Collect/segregate office paper in bins for re-pulping

Ordering costs

Shred paper and take off-site for animal bedding litter

Shredding costs/transport


Become more resource efficient

All companies should aim to eliminate waste from the outset,

but if this is not practical or possible, then consider reducing,

re-using or recycling waste. If none of these options can apply,

then dispose of waste in a responsible manner.

Envirowise has produced the guidance leaflet ‘Become More Resource Efficient’ to enable businesses toprogress up the ‘waste hierarchy’ to reduce their waste and potentially achieve significant cost savings.


Denso video Case Study

It’s fashionable and easy to say ‘improve resource efficiency’ – but what does it really mean?

Envirowise has published a resource efficiency “Making More From Less” video case study for DENSO

Manufacturing UK Limited.

By applying a variety of waste reduction and re-use techniques to its

manufacturing plant DENSO realised significant cost and

environmental benefits including:

• £172,000 savings through energy efficiency improvements;

• £100,000 savings by introducing a pallet reuse/re-sale scheme;

• £5,000 reduction in hazardous waste disposal costs;

• 50% costs savings by amending lube oil supply method;

• 20% less hazardous waste generated.


WHY IT IS IMPORTANT FOR YOUR BUSINESS?

Drivers for Resource Efficiency


Why improve ‘resource efficiency’?

Looking at ‘resource efficiency’ will help you to:

• reduce the true cost of waste to your company;

• determine the baseline against which to judge the progress of your resource efficiency improvements;

• identify cost-effective opportunities to prevent and reduce waste;

• control your services/processes more effectively;

• set improvement objectives and targets;

• measure progress towards your targets and set new ones.


What are the drivers?

Reducing waste is not the only incentive to using resources efficiently.

The points below should also be considered:

1. company internal goals;

2. legislation;

3. costs;

4. reduce company’s environmental impact.

Let’s just have a quick look at each of these ….

G

O

L

D

E

N

PPO R T U N I T Y

It is also a


Company internal goals

Implementing good environmental practice used to be considered a ‘fringe’ idea - now, most major

FTSE100 companies have environmental issues at the core of their business strategy because of:

• image;

• Corporate Social Responsibility;

• Environmental Management Systems (ISO 14001, Eco-Management and Audit Scheme [EMAS], BS8555 – Acorn/ Green Dragon/STEMS);

• pressure groups;

• marketing.


Legislation

The main pieces of legislation directly affecting the way companies use resources and dispose of wastes are:

Environmental Protection Act/Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regulations

Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive (Environmental/PPC Permitting)

Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations/Packaging (Essential Requirements) Regulations

Hazardous/Special Waste Regulations

The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations

Batteries Directive


Costs

‘Resource Efficiency’ is not just an environmental initiative but an important business process that could

potentially save your organisation a lot of money.

Waste also costs money and by finding ways to reduce waste, your company could become more

profitable.

Did you know:

– that waste and badly used resources can account for over 4% of business turnover?

– that companies can save up to £1,000 per employee by tackling their use of resources?

– that most waste minimisation actions are simple low cost/no cost solutions?


Costs

The cost of waste is defined as:

‘The cost of purchasing, processing and disposing of all the non-product outputs’.

Improvements in resource efficiency will reduce waste and costs. Cost savings are probably the key

incentive to implement resource efficiency measures. Understanding the costs is important – and they are

often greater than immediately apparent….

Costs may be considered as ‘Direct’ and/or ‘Hidden’ costs.

THE TRUE COST OF WASTE

Cost of wasted raw materials

+ lost time

+ cost of utilities used

+ waste treatment costs

+ disposal costs

=


Direct and hidden costs

DirectCosts

HiddenCosts

Cost of raw materials/consumables

Cost of wasted energy/utilities

Manufacturing and production costs

Maintenance

Rework Time and effort

Transportation

Handling and storage

Waste disposal costs

Emission charges

Sewerage and effluent charges


Example of direct and hidden costs – hot water

Hot water tank

Water heater

Water, EnergyEnergy, Labour,

ChemicalsEnergy, Labour

Raw watertank Softener

Mainswater

Hot (65oC)softened

water

Watersupply113p/m3

100 m3 per day500 W UV light

= 0.66p/m3

1 m3 15 » 65oC5 p/kWh

= 323 p/m3

1 m3 Salt and

regen water= 40 p/m3

Value of hot softened

water= 477 p/m3

Seweragecharge135p/m3

Total cost of ‘wasted’ hot water = £6.12p/m3

Directcost

Directcost

Hidden costs


Direct costs

Examples of ‘direct’ costs include:

•waste handling storage and disposal costs;

•utilities cost;

•landfill Tax (currently 2009/10):

• £2.50/tonne (inert/inactive wastes);

• £40/tonne (all other wastes).

Together with actual disposal costs (eg transport, landfill charges etc) direct disposal costs can easily

amount to £100-120/tonne.


Direct costs – continue to rise!

The graph below shows the scheduled increase in landfill tax to 2014.


Hidden costs

Examples of ‘hidden’ or ‘indirect’ costs include:

•materials/energy;

•effort;

•added value – waste is not just the cost of discarded materials. It includes the cost of:

– wasted raw materials;

– rework;

– lost production time;

– excessive use of energy and water;

– loss of materials to atmosphere and to drain;

– waste treatment costs;

– wasted labour.


What is added value?

Binding

Cost m2 Energy Energy, Labour,Chemicals

Energy, Labour,Materials

Stationerystore

Photocopy paper

Finished bound 10 page document

£2.20/ream=0.44p/sheet

=4.4p/10 sheets

£150/m2/y(negligible

in this instance)

Back and front cover Spiral binder

= 27p

Value= 37.5p B&W

= 106.4p colour

Cost per copy= 0.61p B&W= 7.5p colour

Direct costs Actual total valueInitial estimate of cost

(about 4.4p)Increases with added value

(to 37.5 or 106.4p) ie 9 or 24 times greater!

Let’s look at hidden costs, or ‘added value’, for a photocopying operation.

Actual value


Reduce environmental impact

Pressure may come from internal or external sources to reduce environmental impact.

•Staff

•Pressure groups (e.g. Greenpeace/Friends of the Earth)

•Local residents

•Local authorities and planning

The Envirowise Indicator is an interactive web-based tool designed to allow all UK businesses, irrespective of their size or industry sector, to gain a useful indication of their company’s environmental impact and the financial savings that can be made by addressing it.


WASTE MAPPING Establishing Your Baseline


Understanding your site

Whether your site is large or small, it is often difficult to grasp the true ‘picture’ of waste – particularly when considering ‘waste’ in the wider context. An initial review to develop a ‘waste map’ can help in gathering basic information and understanding:

•Walk around your site looking for areas of waste and potential improvement;

•Take photographs;

•Talk to key people in all departments;

•Gather information on amounts and costs for raw materials, utilities and wastes;

•Estimate the potential savings associated with a few of the more promising opportunities to reduce resource use;

•Identify gaps in your data; and

•Start thinking about how to address them.

The following slides will take you through the process of developing a waste map. However, more detailed guidance is available in the Envirowise Guide ‘Waste Mapping: Your Route To More Profit’.


Who should I involve?

Where practicable, it is best to consult a team that includes:

1. the environmental, quality, health and safety manager(s);

2. the manufacturing and product development manager(s);

3. appropriate shop-floor staff (who often know the process best);

4. the procurement and purchasing manager(s);

5. suppliers and customers.


Getting staff involved

Key to getting peer buy-in to your ‘resource efficiency’ improvement is involvement and

empowerment.

The points below are things you should consider:

• Involvement – eg brainstorming sessions.

• Create a positive climate to identify opportunities.

• Develop new performance measures.

• Encourage thoughts about environmental effects.

• Important message to get across is ‘How will they benefit?’.


Brainstorming

Often brainstorming descends into a situation where only the extrovert (or thick-skinned!) get to

put forward their ideas. During your brainstorming sessions establish rules such as:

• No criticism or debate/editing;

• Be creative (encourage wild or exaggerated ideas);

• Quantity rather than quality;

• Build on and combine ideas.

To ensure you obtain all contributions (whatever they may be and from whomever) make sure:

• everyone has a chance to participate;

• everyone is thinking about the same problem;

• all ideas are encouraged;

• all ideas are recorded.

Otherwise it’s not brainstorming!


What should I look out for?

Particularly wasteful processes, such as:

• off-cuts or discarded packaging;

• water running down the drains;

• unnecessary heating or lighting.

Start by noting the obvious. Look into less obvious wastes later.

A checklist is available to help you

Waste Checklist


What do I do with all this information?

Develop a ‘waste map’!

It’s not complicated and a waste map will allow you to manage the majority of the information you gather in a clear and explanatory way.

The only exception may be costs.

Costs may not ‘fit’ exactly on a waste map – they may apply to a collection of wastes or be a bill for site wide supply. If costs cannot be entered on a waste map keep the information available elsewhere –

perhaps start a cost file.

To develop a waste map we recommend that you initially produce a flow chart representing your site activities so you can assign all the information you find to the relevant area or department.

Process

Map


Download a copy of the waste map template

Producing a ‘waste map’

STEP 1: Produce a flowsheet – an example of a plastics factory is shown here …

Chemical storage

Compounding

Forming

Moulding

Plastic cooling

Trimming

Finishing


Producing a ‘waste map’

STEP 1: Produce a flowsheet – an example of a plastics factory is shown below …

STEP 2: Add detail of material, utility and waste flows into and out of each operation…..

Fugitive emissions,drums and containersWastewater slurry,plastic pellet spills

Solid wastes

Sprues, oil and solid waste

Wastewater

Solid waste

Slurries and solid waste

Chemical delivered

Plastic pellets/resins,plasticizers

Energy

Energy, hydraulic oil

Water

Energy

Coatings and dyestuffs

Chemical storage

Compounding

Forming

Moulding

Plastic cooling

Trimming

Finishing


What should I include?

Identify the main inputs and outputs.

Start by including your:

• Material flows - this includes all raw materials – not just those to make the product.

• Utilities used

• Wastes produced - include all those items which may be ‘recycled’ e.g. metals, pallets etc

• Liquid and gaseous emissions produced

Present this information visually on the waste map for the site.

A detailed example of a waste map for an engineering factory is provided in the following slides. There is a lot of useful information that may help you (whether or not your company is in the engineering sector). Click next to work through the example.


Waste map of an engineering process

Materials and

utilities in

Wastes and

emissions out

Goods in and warehouseGoods in and warehouse

OfficesOffices

Pressing, stamping & mouldingPressing, stamping & moulding

Sand blasting and polishingSand blasting and polishing

Machine shopMachine shop

Painting and coatingPainting and coating

FinishingFinishing

AssemblyAssembly

Packing and dispatchPacking and dispatch


When mapping out your processes don’t forget to include ancillary activities/shared services

eg heating and cooling, canteen, steam systems and compressed air.

Don’t forget ancillary activities!

Compressors, cooling towers, scrubbers etc

Canteen, toilets, handwashing/showers etc

Ancillary activities

Materials and

utilities in

Wastes and

emissions out


OfficesOffices





FinishingFinishing

AssemblyAssembly



What materials and wastes may we find?

When mapping out your processes don’t forget to include ancillary activities/shared services

eg heating and cooling, canteen, steam systems and compressed air.

Ancillary activities

Materials and

utilities in

Wastes and

emissions out


OfficesOffices





FinishingFinishing

AssemblyAssembly


Click on a process to see some typical inputs (materials ‘in’) and outputs (wastes ‘out’)

Compressors, cooling towers, scrubbers etc

Canteen, toilets, handwashing/showers etc


Waste mapping – offices

OfficesOffices

Stationery

Toner cartridges

Invoices/orders

PCs

Photocopiers

Junk mail

Packaging

Energy

Paper

Packaging

Heat

Toner cartridges

General waste

CDs

Shredded paper

Vending cups


Waste mapping – goods in and warehouse

Metal rod

Metal bar

Sheet metal

Paint

Solvents

Machine tools

Spare parts

Packaging

Energy

Pallets

Shrink/stretch wrap

Cardboard

Damaged metal bar

Metal banding

Polythene bags

Spent lighting

Goods in and warehouse

Goods in and warehouse


Waste mapping – pressing stamping and moulding

Sheet metal (blanks)

Plastic pellets

Machine tools (dies, punches)

Templates

Packaging

Hydraulic oil

Energy

Metal off-cuts

Metal

Sprues

Flash

Used oil

Rags

Absorbents

Pressing, stamping and moulding

Pressing, stamping and moulding


Waste mapping – machine shop

Formed metal

Plastic components

Machine tools (drill bits, cutting blades)

Degreaser

Lubricating oil/grease

Coolant/cutting oil

Energy

Metal turnings

Worn machining components

Swarf

Spent degreaser (solvent)

Used oil/grease

Cutting oil/used coolant

Rags

Used coolant



Waste mapping – sandblasting and polishing

Machined metal

Sandblasting grit/shot

Abrasives

Compressed air

High pressure water (wet process)

Polishing pads

Chemicals (corrosive slurry)

Energy

Spent blasting medium

Worn blasting components

Removed particulates/dust

Waste water/slurry

Spent polishing pads

Used chemicals

Rags/absorbents

Used oils

Sandblasting and polishingSandblasting and polishing


Waste mapping – finishing

Prepared substrate

Surface preparation/cleaners

Pickling/stripping acids and caustics

Degreaser

Rinse water

Plating metals (salts)

Anodizing/galvanising chemicals

Energy

Used acids/caustics

Spent plating solutions

Wastewater (rinse water)

Used cleaners/degreasers

Rags

Used oil

Slurry/sludges

FinishingFinishing


Waste mapping – painting and coating

Prepared metals

Plastic components

Coatings (inhibitors, protective)

Paint

Degreaser

Solvents (thinners)

Ink and pigments

Spraying tools

Absorbents/rags

Used solvents/ degreasers

Used surface preparations

Rinse wastewater

Spent filters (local exhaust ventilation)

Rejects

Overspray/spillage

Painting and coating

Painting and coating


Waste mapping – assembly

Metal components (complete)

Plastic components (complete)

Assembly line tools

Compressed air

Fixings

Fastening

Energy

Rejected components

Packaging

Consumables

AssemblyAssembly


Waste mapping – packing and dispatch

Assembled products

Packaging

Postage labels

Cardboard

Pallets

Shrink wrap

Pallet banding

Fuel (forklift trucks and transport)

Rejected packaging

Rejected components (Quality Control)

Broken pallets

Printer label backing

General rubbish

Parcel tape reels

Packing and dispatch

Packing and dispatch


Waste mapping – ancillaries

Ancillary/maintenance parts

Lubricating/hydraulic oil

Fuel

Energy

Cooling water

Coolants

Water treatment chemicals

Antifouling chemicals

Air scrubbing media

Compressed air (leaks)

Regen/blowdown water

Empty chemical packaging

Spent scrubbing liquor

Particulate filters/filter bags

Used oils

Absorbents

Rags (maintenance)

Compressors/cooling towers /scrubbers etc

Compressors/cooling towers /scrubbers etc


Waste mapping – canteen etc

Food

Packaging

Cutlery

Cans/bottles

Water

Energy

Cleaning materials

Paper towels

Food waste

Empty packaging

Used cooking oils

Used paper towels

Empty cleaning chemical packaging

Wash water

General rubbish

Heat

CanteenCanteen


Annotated process – chemical storage

STEP 3: Use your data to populate your waste map; where possible add cost data….

Chemical storage

Polybutylene terephthalate pellets (500 tonne/y 1tonne bags palletised)

Polycarbonate/ABS alloy pellets (25 tonnes/y 25 kg multi-layer sacks

palletised)

Hydraulic oil (1,200 litres/y, 210 litre metal drums)

Salt (2.5 tonnes/y, 25 kg polyethylene bags)

Electricity (for humidity control)(est 7,500 kWh/y)@5.5p/kWh = £412/y

500 polypropylene 1 FIBC/bags(@2.5k g each = 1.25 tonnes)Currently collected foc and recycled

Approx 550 pallets (@13.5 kg each = 7.5 tonnes)To general waste costing £124/tonne

5 metal drums (@15 kg = 75 kg)

1,000 multi-layer paper sacks(@300 g = 0.3 tonnes)

100 polyethylene bags (@250 g = 0.25 tonnes)

Shrink/stretch wrap (@400 g/pallet = 20 kg)To general waste costing £124/tonne


Additional information to collect

When gathering information about the site and the processes which may benefit from improved resource

efficiency you may also wish to consider the following:

• Take photos of what you see (it will act as an aide memoir later on).

• Talk to staff to identify the cause of wastes if it is not obvious and record a summary of your discussions.

• Record any unusual occurrences of wastes.

• Estimate quantities and costs - don’t worry if you can’t be accurate.

• Use common units and time frames to record inputs, outputs and wastes - It may be easier to annualise.

Don’t get distracted too much at this stage!


FINDING, RECORDING AND USING YOUR DATA

Using Your Data Effectively


OK – so what do I do then?

Once you have a waste map you can then populate your waste map with data:

• quantities of materials used;

• utilities consumed (gas/water/electricity);

• quantities of wastes generated;

• costs (if possible).

Remember this information is important –

What you cannot measure you cannot manage!


Tip - How to express data

So that you can make comparisons and make it easy to understand the data you obtain, it is

recommended that you use common units of measurement and quantification.

Common examples include:

Raw materials (tonnes/year)

Water use and effluent (m3/year)

Gas and electricity (kWh/year)

Fuel use (litres/year)

Solid waste (tonnes/year)

Solvent use and emissions (tonnes/year)

Rejects (number/year, % of produced)


Data collection

Where can you get the data to quantify the inputs and outputs for your waste map? Possibly from one

or more of the following:

• Bills from suppliers of materials/utilities;

• Material use reports;

• Production statistics;

• By-product and waste disposal records;

• Actual measurements;

• Empirical calculations

− If the weight of waste is not known then the size of the container multiplied by the density will suffice;

• Plant rated capacities etc;

• Customers and suppliers.


Where else can I obtain data?

Start by measuring your key raw materials and utilities, then measure the resources highlighted as significant during your waste mapping exercise.

Resource Source of information

Raw materials Purchase records, stocktaking, dispensing records

Energy Invoices, main meter, sub-meters, portable meters

Water Invoices, main meter, sub-meters

Products/by-products Production/sales figures, stocktaking

Solid waste/process residue Waste production records, invoices, disposal/Duty of Care documents, packaging waste forms, stocktaking

Effluent Meters, invoices, effluent discharge consents

Emissions to air Meters, analyses (of composition), process authorisations, solvent inventories


Typical waste bill

Size (volume) of container

collection frequency

Costs: Rental

collection/ disposal


Typical energy bill

Amount used (KWh)

Unit cost (pence per KWh)

Total cost (£)


Typical water bill

Check time period (90 days)

Unit cost (pence per m3)

Total cost (£)

Meter serial number

Check meter readings


Typical bin sizes

90, 120, 140, 240 and 360 litres

Commonly encountered sizes

660 (700), 770 (800), 1,000 and 1,100 litres


Typical waste weights

Waste Type/Quantity Weight

1 x sack paperApprox. 10 kg

Laser printer toner cartridgeApprox. 2 kg

1 box A4 paper (5 reams)Approx. 12.5 kg

50,000 drinks cans1 tonne

170,000 plastic vending cups1 tonne

1 sack of vending cups3 kg (510 cups)


Typical skip sizes

Volume 4.5 m3 6 cu yds

Length 3,531 mm 139 ins

Width 1,880 mm 74 ins








Typical waste densities

Waste Type/Quantity Density

(kg/m3)

Mixed domestic 150 - 250

Cardboard 350

Glass 450

Folded newspapers 500

Loose, crumpled office paper 50

Loose waste paper in sacks 20

Food 200

Empty glass bottles 300


Watch out for data errors!

As well as indicating the material and waste flows you need to measure, your waste map will help you to

identify:

• Weigh/count delivery quantities

• Standard conversion factors which are often incorporated into process descriptions eg 10kg of raw material ‘X’ always gives 50m2 of product ‘Y’

• Hidden materials eg consumables used for Health & Safety purposes, materials used during maintenance etc

• Use of financial data that are not necessarily linked to consumption

You may find that some of the historical assumptions that have been made are wrong!


Use of data – baseline and benchmarking

Once obtained, the data in your ‘waste map’ provides you with your baseline. This will enable you to establish your baseline and benchmark your site:

Baseline = Where you are now and a point from where improvements (or otherwise!) can be gauged

Benchmark = Where you are compared to your peers – usually compared against the same manufacturing sector

Both parameters are important in undertaking any ‘Measuring to Manage’ activity. Looking back at your baseline helps you to see how you are progressing and benchmarking your performance helps you to see how you fare compared to others.

Envirowise has produced some guides which provide further information on ‘Measuring to Manage’

Measuring to Manage : How reducing waste can unlock hidden profits

Measuring to Manage : A ‘How To’ Guide

Measuring to Manage: The key to reducing waste costs

Further information on baseline and benchmarking is given in Module 3.


WHAT YOU KNOW & WHAT YOU SHOULD DO NEXT

Summary & Next Steps


Preparing a ‘waste map’ for your site

Remember - the key things you need to look at to ‘map’ your process:


What have you learnt so far?

By getting this far into rethink waste you should:

• Have an awareness of materials and utilities used;

• Know how to complete a waste map;

• Be aware of the information needed to populate your waste map including:

- Main materials and utilities used for each process;

- Wastes leaving the process;

- Ideally, some of above quantified and costed.


Suggested next steps…

From the information in Module 1, consider the following points as your next key steps towards

‘Rethinking waste’:

• Quickly think about your site, complete a review

• Sketch down the individual process areas that would compose a ‘waste map’

• Jot down where information on materials and utilities in, and wastes out, may be available from within your organisation

• Prepare your first ‘waste map’.


Gaining support and commitment

To undertake resource efficiency improvements usually requires commitment from senior management to

facilitate the availability of resources and to get support from colleagues. It is often difficult to get management commitment without being ‘armed with some knowledge’ – particularly details of the potential savings that can be made.

• Try to explain that the initial review is not just paperwork and that it will probably identify and bring about realistic changes that will save both resources and money.

• If you can, during the review gain some facts and figures on some ‘quick wins’ you may be able to achieve.

Further information on gaining support and commitment is provided in Module 3 - after the initial review

has been undertaken.


Module 1 has introduced you to the important concepts of data collection and waste mapping.Through this module we hope you have achieved an awareness of the …

• Principles of resource efficiency;

• Likely benefits resource efficiency can bring;

• Type of data required to establish your baseline;

• Importance of true costs (particularly added value);

• Concept of presenting data in a ‘waste map’ format.

Two key templates are provided to help you.

If you have not used them, download them now and completeboth templates before module 2.

If you are short of time, focus on one area of your business.

Completed task documents:

Waste checklist

Process map template

What you should have achieved…


Organisations that can provide further help

Where can you go for further help and guidance?

• WRAP’s Resource Efficiency website (www.envirowise.gov.uk) or Advice Line (0808 100 2040)

• EEF’s website www.eef.org.uk and EEF Environment pages

• The Carbon Trust ‘s (for energy) website www.carbontrust.co.uk or helpline (0800 0852005)

• The NetRegs website www.environment-agency.gov.uk/netregs/


Further Reading

Defra has produced ‘The environment in your pocket 2008’, which

focuses strongly on the theme of climate change.

‘The Environment in your Pocket’ is a handy, free of charge,

pocket-sized distillation of around 60 key data series largely

from the ‘e-Digest of Environmental Statistics’ website.

Its aim is to make environmental statistics

accessible to wider and different audiences.


Further Reading

There is growing international recognition that current patterns of consumption and production are

unsustainable.

The EEF, with support from Barclays Commercial,

has produced a 'Sustainable Resource Management’

publication to support manufacturers in moving forward

on resource efficiency.

The document provides an overview

of the key issues and questions as well

as highlighting examples of best practice.


Thank you for completing Rethink Waste module 1

Thank you for completing Rethink Waste module 1Join us for module 2 – Identifying Opportunities & Developing An Action Plan

WRAP’s vision is a world without waste, where resources are used sustainably

END & EXIT


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