SKRIPSI
ANALISIS PERENCANAAN JARINGAN LONG TERM
EVOLUTION (LTE) FDD FREKUENSI 850 MHZ DAN 1800
MHZ DI KOTA SEMARANG MENGGUNAKAN ATOLL
NETWORK PLANNING ANALYSIS OF FDD LONG TERM
EVOLUTION (LTE) FREQUENCY 850 MHZ AND 1800 MHZ IN
SEMARANG CITY USING ATOLL
Disusun oleh
ITA KUSMIASIH RATNASARI
16101235
PROGRAM STUDI S1 TEKNIK TELEKOMUNIKASI
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI TELKOM PURWOKERTO
2018
ii
SKRIPSI
ANALISIS PERENCANAAN JARINGAN LONG TERM
EVOLUTION (LTE) FDD FREKUENSI 850 MHZ DAN 1800
MHZ DI KOTA SEMARANG MENGGUNAKAN ATOLL
NETWORK PLANNING ANALYSIS OF FDD LONG TERM
EVOLUTION (LTE) FREQUENCY 850 MHZ AND 1800 MHZ IN
SEMARANG CITY USING ATOLL
Disusun oleh
ITA KUSMIASIH RATNASARI
16101235
PROGRAM STUDI S1 TEKNIK TELEKOMUNIKASI
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI TELKOM PURWOKERTO
2018
i
ANALISIS PERENCANAAN JARINGAN LONG TERM
EVOLUTION (LTE) FDD FREKUENSI 850 MHZ DAN 1800
MHZ DI KOTA SEMARANG MENGGUNAKAN ATOLL
NETWORK PLANNING ANALYSIS OF FDD LONG TERM
EVOLUTION (LTE) FREQUENCY 850 MHZ AND 1800 MHZ IN
SEMARANG CITY USING ATOLL
Skripsi ini digunakan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh
Gelar Sarjana Teknik (S.T.)
Di Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto
2018
Disusun oleh
ITA KUSMIASIH RATNASARI
16101235
DOSEN PEMBIMBING
Muntaqo Alfin Amanaf, S.ST., M.T.
Ade Wahyudin, S.T., M.T.
PROGRAM STUDI S1 TEKNIK TELEKOMUNIKASI
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI TELKOM PURWOKERTO
2018
ii
iii
iv
PRAKATA
Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah
melimpahkan kasih dan sayang-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi
yang berjudul “ANALISIS PERENCANAAN JARINGAN LONG TERM
EVOLUTION (LTE) FDD FREKUENSI 850 MHZ DAN 1800 MHZ DI KOTA
SEMARANG MENGGUNAKAN ATOLL”.Maksud dari penyusunan skripsi ini
adalah untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat dalam menempuh ujian sarjana Teknik
Telekomunikasi pada Fakultas Teknik Telekomunikasi dan Elektro Institut
Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto.
Dalam penyusunan skripsi ini, banyak pihak yang sangat membantu penulis
dalam berbagai hal. Oleh karena itu, penulis sampaikan rasa terima kasih yang
sedalam-dalamnya kepada:
1. Bapak Muntaqo Alfin Amanaf, S.St., M.T. selaku pembimbing I.
2. Bapak Ade Wahyudin, S.T., M.T. selaku pembimbing II.
3. Ketua Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto.
4. Seluruh dosen, staf dan karyawan Program studi S1 Teknik Telekomunikasi
Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto.
5. Kedua Orang Tua yang selalu memberikan Doa dan mendukung penulis untuk
kelancaran Skripsi ini.
6. Yunealgi Gama Surapanca yang selalu memberikan doa, semangat dan motivasi
untuk menyelesaikan Skripsi ini.
7. Teman-teman Alih Jenjang 2016 Institut Teknologi Telkom Purwokerto.
Purwokerto, 10 Januari 2018
(Ita Kusmiasih Ratnasari)
v
ABSTRAK
Abstrak – Perkembangan telekomunikasi di Indonesia telah sampai pada generasi ke empat
atau lebih dikenal dengan sebutan teknologi Long Term Evolution (LTE). Seluruh operator
telekomunikasi pun saling berlomba memberikan layanan terbaik dan up to date.
Dibutuhkan proses perencanaan jaringan yang baik untuk menciptakan kualitas jaringan
yang handal. Di dalam proses perencanaan jaringan LTE ada perencanaan berdasarkan
cakupan cell dan perencanaan berdasarkan capasitas cell. Penelitian ini merancang jaringan
outdoor LTE diarea kota Semarang menggunakan frekuensi yaitu 850 Mhz dan 1800 Mhz
dengan menggunakan bandwidth 10Mhz. Softwere simulasi yang digunakan adalah Atoll.
Proses perencanaan yang harus dilakukan adalah menetukan beberapa perhitungan seperti
Radio link budget, estimasi user, lokasi eNodeB, klasifikasi model layanan, network
Throughput dan resource capacity. Perencanaan berdasarkan cakupan dengan frekuensi
850 Mhz di dapatkan average RSRP sebesar -47.98 dBm , average SINR sebesar 15.57 dB
dan average throughput sebesar 25.089 Mbps. Sedangkan pada frekuensi 1800 Mhz
didapatkan average RSRP sebesar -73.4 dBm, average SINR sebesar 11.81 dB dan average
Throughput sebesar 20.043 Mbps.Perencanaan berdasarkan kapasitas dengan bandwidth
10 Mhz menggunakan modulasi 64QAM dan antenna MIMO 2X2 diperoleh Cell
Throughput uplink sebesar 66,674.86 Kbps dan cell Throughput downlink sebesar
66,657.58 Kbps.
Kata Kunci: LTE, Planning, Atoll, RSRP, SINR, Throughput . Cell Throughput
vi
ABSTRACT
Abstract – Telecommunication growth in Indonesia has reached the fourth generation, or
we know as a Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology. All telecommunication operators
compete to provide the best service and up to date. Need a good planning proccess to create
a reliable network quality. In the LTE network planning process there is planning based
on cell coverage and planning based on cell capacity. This research is designing LTE
network in Semarang city, with 850 Mhz and 1800 Mhz of frequency and bandwidth 10
Mhz.The simulation softwere used is Atoll. Planning process that must be done is to do
some calculations such as Radio link budget, user estimation, eNodeB location, service
model clasification , network throughput and resource capacity. Planning based on
coverage with frequency of 850 Mhz in average RSRP of -47.98 dBm, average SINR of
15.57 dB and average throughput of 25,089 Mbps. While at the frequency of 1800 Mhz
obtained average RSRP of -73.4 dBm, average SINR of 11.81 dB and average throughput
of 20.043 Mbps. Planning based on capacity with 10 Mhz bandwidth using 64QAM
modulation and MIMO 2X2 antenna obtained upLink cell throughput of 66.674.86 Kbps
and cell Throughput downlink of 66.657.58 Kbps.
Keyword : LTE, Planning, Atoll, RSRP, SINR, Throughput. Cell Throughput
vii
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................ I
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .................... IERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITASIERROR! BOOKMARK NOT
DEFINED.I
PRAKATA ......................................................................................................... IV
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... V
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... VI
DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................... VII
DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... XI
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................ XIII
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ............................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
1.1 LATAR BELAKANG .......................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
1.2 RUMUSAN MASALAH ..................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
1.3 BATASAN MASALAH ....................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
1.4 TUJUAN ...........................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
1.5 MANFAAT .......................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
1.6 SISTEMATIKA PENULISAN .........ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
BAB 2 DASAR TEORI ................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.1 KAJIAN PUSTAKA .........................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.2 DASAR TEORI .................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.2.1 LONG TERM EVOLUTION (LTE) .ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
2.2.1.1 USER EQUIPMENT (UE) ...................................................................... 8
2.2.1.2 E-UTRAN (EVOLVED UMTS TERRESTRIAL RADIO AKSESS
NETWORK) ........................................................................................................ 9
2.2.1. 3EPC (EVOLVED PACKET CORE) ...................................................... 10
2.2.2 TEKNOLOGI TRANSMISI LTE .......................................................... 12
viii
2.2.2.1 ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING ACCESS
(OFDMA) .......................................................................................................... 12
2.2.2.2 SINGLE CARIER FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS (SC-
FDMA) ............................................................................................................. 13
2.2.3 MULTIPLE INPUT MULTIPLE OUTPUT (MIMO) ............................ 14
2.2.4 PROPAGASI ......................................................................................... 15
2.2.4.1 OKUMURA-HATA ............................................................................. 15
2.2.4.2 COS 231 ................................................................................................. 16
2.2.4.3 SUI (STANFORD UNIVERSITY INTERM) ....................................... 17
2.2.5 MULTIPLEXING ................................................................................. 18
2.2.5.1 TDM (TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING) ........................................ 19
2.2.5.2 FDM (FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING) .......................... 19
2.2.6 ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND CODING (AMC) .......................... 20
2.2.7 CODE RATE ......................................................................................... 21
2.2.8 PERENCANAAN JARINGAN ............................................................. 23
2.2.8.1 PLANNING BY CIVERAGE ............................................................... 23
2.2.8.2 PLANNING BY CAPACITY ............................................................... 28
2.2.9 SOFTWERE PLANNING ATOLL ....................................................... 30
2.2.9.1 ALOKASI NEIGHBOUR ..................................................................... 31
2.2.9.2 PHYSICAL CELL IDENTITY (PCI) .................................................... 31
2.2.10 PARAMETER JARINGAN LTE .......................................................... 31
2.2.10.1 RSRP (REFERENCE SIGNAL RECEIVER POWER)....................... 32
2.2.10.2 SINR (SIGNAL TO INTERFERENCE NOICE RATIO).................... 32
2.2.10.3 THROUGHPUT .................................................................................. 32
BAB 3 METODE PENELITIAN ................................................................... 34
3.1 ALAT YANG DIGUNAKAN ........ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.4
3.2 ALUR PENELITIAN .....................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.4
3.2.1 WILAYAH PERENCANAAN .........ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
3.2.2 DIAGRAM PERENCANAAN JARINGAN LTE ERROR! BOOKMARK
NOT DEFINED.6
ix
3.2.3 PERENCANAAN JARINGAN LTE ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT
DEFINED.7
3.2.3.1 PERENCANAAN BERDASARKAN KAPASITAS ............................ 37
3.2.3.2 PERENCANAAN BERDASARKAN CAKUPAN AREA ................... 41
3.3 ATOLL ................................................................................................... 46
3.3.1 PENGATURAN MAP ........................................................................... 47
3.3.2 PENGATURAN TRANSMITTER ........................................................ 47
3.3.3 PENGATURAN RESOURCE ............................................................... 48
3.3.4 PENGATURAN TRAFIK PARAMETER ............................................. 48
3.3.5 NEIGHBOUR ALLOCATION .............................................................. 49
3.3.6 PHYSICAL RESOURCE ID ALLOCATION ...................................... 50
BAB 4 HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ........................................................... 51
4.1 PARAMETER EKSPERIMEN .............................................................. 51
4.2 ANALISA HASIL EKSPERIMEN ........................................................ 51
4.2.1 ESTIMASI JUMLAH PELANGGAN ................................................... 51
4.2.2 KLASIFIKASI LAYANAN .................................................................. 55
4.2.3 PERHITUNGAN SINGLE USER THROUGHPUT .............................. 57
4.2.4 PERHITUNGAN NETWORK THROUGHPUT ................................... 58
4.2.5 PERHITUNGAN KAPASITAS SEL ..................................................... 58
4.3 PERENCANAAN BERDASARKAN CAKUPAN ............................... 60
4.3.1 LINK BUDGET CALCULATION ........................................................ 61
4.3.2 PROPAGASI .......................................................................................... 66
4.3.3 JUMLAH ENODEB ............................................................................... 69
4.4 PERBANDINGAN PERENCANAAN BERDASARKAN COVERAGE
DAN KAPACITY ............................................................................................. 71
4.5 SIMULASI MENGGUNAKAN ATOLL .............................................. 73
4.6 ANALISA HASIL PERENCANAAN DAN SIMULASI ...................... 74
4.6.1 PERENCANAAN BERDASARKAN COVERAGE PADA FREKUENSI
850 MHZ ........................................................................................................... 74
4.6.2 PERENCANAAN BERDASARKAN COVERAGE PADA FREKUENSI
1800 MHZ ......................................................................................................... 79
x
4.6.3 PERENCANAAN BERDASARKAN CAPACITY PADA FREKUENSI
850 MHZ ........................................................................................................... 84
4.6.4 PERENCANAAN BERDASARKAN CAPACITY PADA FREKUENSI
1800 MHZ ......................................................................................................... 91
4.6.5 ANALISIS HASIL PERBANDINGAN FREKUENSI 850 MHZ DAN
1800 MHZ ......................................................................................................... 97
BAB 5 PENUTUP ............................................................................................. 100
5.1 KESIMPULAN .................................................................................... 100
5.2 SARAN ................................................................................................ 101
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 102
xi
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Evolusi 3GPP .................................................................................. 7
Gambar 2.2 Arsitektur LTE ............................................................................. 8
Gambar 2.3 Evolved Packet Core dalam arsitektur jaringan LTE ............... 10
Gambar 2.4 OFDMA dan SC-FDMA Multiple Access ................................... 12
Gambar 2.5 Perbedaan OFDM dan OFDMA .............................................. 12
Gambar 2.6 Struktur simbol subcarrier OFDMA .......................................... 13
Gambar 2.7 Konsep antena MIMO ................................................................. 14
Gambar 2.8 Time Division Multiplexing .......................................................... 19
Gambar 2.9 Frequency Division Multiplexing ................................................ 19
Gambar 2.10 Ilustrasi diagram QPSK ............................................................ 20
Gambar 2.11 Diagram Konstelasi Modulasi 16 QAM ................................... 21
Gambar 2.12 Diagram konstelasi 64 QAM .................................................... 21
Gambar 3.1 Peta Kota Semarang .................................................................... 35
Gambar 3.2 Diagram alir proses pengerjaan Skripsi .................................... 36
Gambar 3.3 Blok Diagram Perencanaan Kapasitas ...................................... 38
Gambar 3.4 Blok Diagram Planning by coverage .......................................... 41
Gambar 3.5 Input database peta digital .......................................................... 47
Gambar 3.6 Input database transmitter ........................................................... 48
Gambar 3.7 Mengatur parameter trafik ........................................................ 49
Gambar 3.8 Mengatur neighbour allocation ................................................... 48
Gambar 3.9 Mengatur resource id allocation ................................................. 50
Gambar 4.1 Market Share Operator Telekomunikasi Pada Tahun 2015 .... 54
Gambar 4.2 Peta Kota Semarang .................................................................... 73
Gambar 4.3 Peletakan eNodeB frekuensi 850 Mhz....................................... 73
Gambar 4.4 Peletakan eNodeB frekuensi 1800 Mhz..................................... 74
Gambar 4.5 Simulasi RSRP frekuensi 850 Mhz ............................................ 75
Gambar 4.6 Grafik Simulasi RSRP frekuensi 850 Mhz ................................ 75
Gambar 4.7 Simulasi SINR frekuensi 850 Mhz ............................................. 76
Gambar 4.8 Grafik Simulasi SINR frekuensi 850 Mhz ................................. 77
xii
Gambar 4.9 Simulasi Throughput frekuensi 850 Mhz .................................. 78
Gambar 4.10 Grafik Simulasi Throughput frekuensi 850 Mhz ................... 78
Gambar 4.11 Simulasi RSRP frekuensi 1800 Mhz ........................................ 80
Gambar 4.12 Grafik Simulasi RSRP frekuensi 1800 Mhz ............................ 80
Gambar 4.13 Simulasi SINR frekuensi 1800 Mhz ......................................... 81
Gambar 4.14 Grafik Simulasi SINR frekuensi 1800 Mhz ............................. 82
Gambar 4.15 Simulasi Throughput frekuensi 1800 Mhz .............................. 83
Gambar 4.16 Grafik Simulasi Throughput frekuensi 1800 Mhz ................. 83
Gambar 4.17 Semulasi berdasarkan perhitungan capacity pada frekuensi 850
Mhz .....................................................................................................................85
Gambar 4.18 Total Seluruh pelanggan yang ter-cover ................................. 85
Gambar 4.19 Total pelanggan connected & not connected ............................ 86
Gambar 4.20 Simulasi IMS Signaling ............................................................. 87
Gambar 4.21 Simulasi Real Time Gamming ................................................... 87
Gambar 4.22 Simulasi Streaming Media ......................................................... 88
Gambar 4.23 Simulasi Video Conference ........................................................ 88
Gambar 4.24 Simulasi Video Phone ................................................................ 89
Gambar 4.25 Simulasi Voip ............................................................................. 89
Gambar 4.26 Semulasi berdasarkan perhitungan capacity pada frekuensi
1800 Mhz ............................................................................................................ 91
Gambar 4.27 Total Seluruh pelanggan yang ter-cover ................................. 92
Gambar 4.28 Total pelanggan connected & not connected ............................ 92
Gambar 4.29 Simulasi IMS Signaling ............................................................. 93
Gambar 4.30 Simulasi Real Time Gamming ................................................... 94
Gambar 4.31 Simulasi Streaming Media ......................................................... 94
Gambar 4.32 Simulasi Video Conference ........................................................ 95
Gambar 4.33 Simulasi Video Phone ................................................................ 95
Gambar 4.34 Simulasi Voip ............................................................................. 96
xiii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Parameter Terrain ........................................................................... 18
Tabel 2.2 Minimum AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise) SNR .............. 22
Tabel 2.3 Subcarrier Bandwidth ....................................................................... 24
Tabel 2.4 Rentang Nilai RSRP ......................................................................... 32
Tabel 2.5 Rentang Nilai SINR .......................................................................... 32
Tabel 2.6 Rentang Nilai Throughput ............................................................... 33
Tabel 3.1 Jumlah Penduduk Kota Semarang Berdasarkan Kelompok Umur di
Tahun 2012 s/d 2016 ......................................................................................... 39
Tabel 3.2 peak to average environment ........................................................... 40
Tabel 3.3 Model Trafik ...................................................................................... 40
Tabel 3.4 site list Indosat Kota Semarang ...................................................... 43
Tabel 4.1 Klasifikasi Kerapatan Penduduk .................................................... 52
Tabel 4.2 Kepadatan Penduduk & Klasifikasi Wilayah Kota Semarang .... 52
Tabel 4.3 Jumlah Pelanggan LTE Tahun 2016 .............................................. 54
Tabel 4.4 Jumlah Penduduk 5 tahun kedepan ............................................... 55
Tabel 4.5 Model Trafik Service ......................................................................... 56
Tabel 4.6 Throughput Per Layanan ................................................................ 56
Tabel 4.7 Single User Throughput ................................................................... 57
Tabel 4.8 Network Throughput ......................................................................... 58
Tabel 4.9 MCS Index ......................................................................................... 58
Tabel 4.10 Cell Throughput .............................................................................. 59
Tabel 4.11 Jumlah eNodeB berdasarkan kapasitas disisi uplink .................. 60
Tabel 4.12 Jumlah eNodeB berdasarkan kapasitas disisi downlink ............. 60
Tabel 4.13 kalkulasi link budget uplink ........................................................... 65
Tabel 4.14 kalkulasi link budget Downlink ...................................................... 66
Tabel 4.15 Jumlah EnodeB berdasarkan coverage ........................................ 71
Tabel 4.16 Jumlah eNodeB berdasarkan kapasitas disisi downlink dan Uplink
.............................................................................................................................72
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Tabel 4.17 Jumlah eNodeB berdasarkan coverage disisi downlink dan Uplink
pada fekuensi 850 Mhz dan 1800 Mhz ............................................................ 72
Tabel 4.18 Hasil Persentasi RSRP ................................................................... 76
Tabel 4.19 Hasil Persentase SINR frekuensi 850 Mhz .................................. 77
Tabel 4.20 Hasil persentase Throughput frekuensi 850 Mhz ....................... 79
Tabel 4.21 Hasil simulasi Frekuensi 850 Mhz ................................................ 79
Tabel 4.22 Hasil persentase RSRP frekuensi 1800 Mhz ................................ 81
Tabel 4.23 Hasil persentase SINR frekuensi 1800 Mhz ................................. 82
Tabel 4.24 Hasil persentase Throughput frekuensi 1800 Mhz ..................... 84
Tabel 4.25 Hasil simulasi Frekuensi 1800 Mhz .............................................. 84
Tabel 4.26 Hasil Simulasi Capacity Frekuensi 850 mhz ................................ 90
Tabel 4.27 Hasil Simulasi Capacity Frekuensi 1800 mhz .............................. 96
Tabel 4.28 Hasil Perbandingan Frekuensi 850 mhz dan 1800 mhz .............. 97
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