Skylab 2 Press Conferences and Briefings 4 of 5

8/7/2019 Skylab 2 Press Conferences and Briefings 4 of 5

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SKYLAB NEWS CENTER

Hous t on, Texas

EVA Stat us ReportJoh nson S p ace CenterJ une 15, 1 9 7 316:37 p.m. CDT

Part ic ipants:

Wi lliam S c hneider, Dire c tor o f Skylab Progra mBill O'Donald, PAO

PC-54


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SL-II PC- 5 4A / I

Ti me: 16:37 CDT

6 / 15 / 73

PAO Mr. Willia m C. Schnieder, t he Direc t or of

the Skylab Pro g ram. Bill.

SCHNEIDER Well, I don' t have very much t o say. Iassume t ha t t he announcemen t has been m a de s t a t in g t ha t we

have decided t hat t he parasol ma t erial on t he t her mal shield

will las t throu g hou t the unmanne d period and h a ve t herefore

decided not t o replace it or t o cover it wi t h t he t wln- b oom

t hermal shield on Skylab II. Our current pl a ns do call for

us t o cover t he existin g parasol early in Skyl a b III wi t h

the onbo a rd t win-pole t hermal shield. We will continue wi t h

t he plans for EVA t o re t rieve the ATM fil m, t his comin gTuesday. The only o t her note tha t I should a d d is t h at we will

carry up on Skylah III a replacemen t parasol as a b a ckup.

In case all o t her thin g s fail, we will s t ill have a viable

thermal shield on h oard t ha t we can deploy.

QUERY Wha t 's the s t a tu s of the al t erna t e power?

SCHNEIDER Well, I reviewe d the al t erna t e power

si t ua t ions yes t erday, and we decided tha t the probabili t y of

g e t tin g much useful power out of t he rollup arrays and the

fold ou t arr a ys was very low. In o t her words we g ot very

li tt le power for a very g rea t effor t . And we deci d ed t o,

reluc t an t ly, to s t op all ac t ivities in t ha t area. There were

a g reat number of or g aniza t ions t ha t were involved in t ha t ,a g rea t deal of excellen t work in i t and it almost would

have come to pass, but not qui t e. We are continuin g the

developmen t o f t he solar array module, the so-c a lle d SAM, t ha t

would be carried up for d ockin g to t he emer g ency port. There's

been no decision m a d e t o use it or no t t o use it, b u t merelyto con t in u e i t s develop men t for some further t ime.

QUERY Rou g hly, how much power would t ha t pro-duce?

SCHNEIDER Le t 's see, I t hink th at 's - some expense

cos t on Be t a an g le, and nominaly I t hink t hey're t alkin gabou t 1-1 / 2 kilowa t ts, in t ha t re g ime of useful power.

QUERY What does SAM st a nd for?

SCHNEIDER Solar Array Module.

QUERY Is there a possibili t y you wouldn't have

t o take it up at all, if every t hing continues to work as it

does now, and the ba t teries don't deteriorate and things llkethat?

SCHNEIDER Yes, that certainly is one alternative.

QUERY What do your therm a l tests show th a t the

expected lifetime of this shield th at you h a ve up t herenow, the parasol shield?

SCHNEIDER Well, the best, we h a ve not got t en to -

the test h a ve not b een able to get to a terminal condition,

beca u se as yo u pro b a b ly are aware, we expose it to s u nli g h t


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SL-II PC-54A / 2Time: 16:37 CDT

6 / 15 / 73

and in order to accelerate t he testing we've been exposingi t to n o t onl y sim u la t i o n s of a s in g l e S un , bu t al so s i mula -ti ons of a d o u b l e Su n a n d simula t i ons o f four Sun s . Tha t i s

t h e UV i nte ns ity is eq u i valen t to wha t t h e v e h ic l e wo uld s e ei f it had b ee n e x p os e d t o a sun 4 ti me s i t s curren t i n te ns it y.We hav e as a maxi mu m, usin g t hos e t e chn iq u e s, te s te d t h ema t e rial o u t to i000 hou rs, w h i ch i s b e yon d t he Skyla b I ll

r eq u i r e me n t, an d h a v e no t ha d t h e ma te r i al de t er io r at e downt o zero s t r e ngt h and z e r o e l o n gtiv i t y. Bu t we ha v e n ot y etpr o duced a ti me wh e n t he m a te r i al wi ll phys ic a lly rup t u r e .Th e ma te r i al s e x pe r t s tha t we conv e n e d ye st e rd a y w e r e u nan im ousi n t h e ir c o nc l u s ion t ha t t h e r e ' s n o pr o b l e m f o r 9 0 day s a nd

t h e y wer e unan i mo us i n t h e ir c o nclusi o n t ha t i t proba b lywould no t la st f or 8 m ont hs , and i n b e t we en t ha t , why , t h e r etsan ar e a o f u n c e r t a i n t y.

QUERY Why n o t jus t g o ah e a d a n d pu t the o ne upnext week while you're out a nyw a y a nd then relieve the nextcrew of the job of h a ving to do th a t ?

SC_NIE DER Well , mainl y be cau se, obvio u s l y t his cr e whas had ma n y E VA ac t iv it ies and t h e y a r e at t h e e n d o f t h e

28 day m i ss i o n and ar e v e r y, ve r y - -

END OF TAPE


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SL-II PC-54B / ITime: 16:37 CDT

6 /15 /73

SCHNEIDER well, mainly beca u se, o bviously thiscrew has had many EV A activities. And they are at the end

of a 28-day mission in a very, very hard working 2 8 -daymission. And it seemed like a prudent thing to do, n o t totire them any more than was required. And in this manner

we'll not only start out with a fresh c rew, but we will indeed

be able to get back in t o the water tank and do several deploy-ments and train the c rew even better than the exi s tingSkylab crew - 2 crew is. They we r e in the water t ank once.

And it would obviously be our intention to get the Skylab III

crew into t he tank and get them appropri a tely t ra ined.

QUERY Looking ahead to SL-IV, h a ve you set alaunch date for that yet, or a period, yet?

SCHNEIDER No. There are - Fro m a h a rdware stand-

point, we would like very much to go as early as pra c ticalfor the same reasons that we acce l erated Skylab-lll and that

d o es remain an option. From a science standpoin t , we'dlike to optimize the earth resources passes. And we'd like

to, if at all possible, see if we can get t he comet thati s coming into view around the last par t of Dece mber. And

we will be trading these things off in coming up to our

decision. We have not made that yet. We're t r ying toanalyze the pros and c ons of the va r ious pres s u r es thatwe're getting.

QUERY What c omet i s th a t?

SCHNEIDER I should be a ble to tell you. I knowthe name, but I don't recall it. There i s a comet that will

- a very bright comet, that is coming close to th e Sun. Itwill be, I think, as close to the Sun as any obse r ved comethas ever come. It right now is al most vi s ible. The s c ientisttold me around the Christmas period it'll be visible to the

naked eye as it approaches very close to the Sun. They're

very exceited a b out it and would like ve r y much to getobservation from ab o ve the Ea r th's atmosphere. We're not atall sure that we can do it. That is merely on e of the factors

that we're putting into our decision. We'd probably use theATM a nd we use all the instrumen t s that we couldn't t r ain

on it. We originally were going t o use TO27 . I'm notquite sure how we would use that right no w.

QUERY Do you know how much replacement eq u ip-ment you're going to have to take up on t h e SL-III mission,like, they're having a little trouble with the e l e c t r on-

beam gun and one of the ATM experiments, and seve r al littlething s have gone wrong. Are there going to be a lot ofreplacement material to take up?

SCHNEIDER Well the things th a t we will replace

that we hadn't planned on replacing - we' r e planning on bring-ing up the SO15 and M55 experiments th a t h a d been eliminatedfrom Skylab II because of stowage requi r ements in the CSM.


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Time: 16:37 CDT

6 / 15 / 73

We will carry those. We will carry up our new canister for

the S183 French UV experiment. We will carry up a replace-

ment for the S082A UV - NRL UV ATM experiment. Those are

the experiments that we are replacing. The other ATM

experiment that's had difficulty will normally be replaced

at the end of the mission, so we will not plan on any

replacement on that. We're replacing a couple of EREP tapes

and bringing up a lot of film, as we had previously planned.

And we're currently carrying up some braeketry for attaching

the experiments that had been dropped out of the solar

scientific airlock, in hopes that we can retrieve some of

the scientific value of those experi men t s. And the objec t ivewould be to a tta ch t he m ex t ernally t o the spacecraf t and

bring back some da t a - to a tt ach the m during one of t he normal

EVAs. We are only planning on doing that on one of the experimen t son Skylab 3, namely t he 149 par t icle collection experiment.We will bring up t he bracke t ry for all of t he experi men t s.However, we don' t think we c a n t r a in t he crew on t hoseexperiments by liftoff t ime, so we will - -

end of tape


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SL-II PC-54C / I

Time: 16:37 CDT

6 /15 /73

SCHNEIDER We will bring up the bracketry for all of

the experiments, however, we don't think we can train the

crew on those experiments by liftoff time so we would planon doing that on Skylab IV.

QUERY Bill, I have a couple of questions here,

phoned in, from Bill Johnson of ABC. First, what is time of

the EVA, Tuesday and the duration?

SCHNEIDER I'm afraid I don't recall the time, it's

in the morning and it's early in the morning because we will

be doing it in the crew morning period, and if my reccollection

is correct, why that must be early in the morning here. It

is a morning exercise and we would expect some, I think it's,

the EVA period is about 2 hours, 2-1 / 2 hours, but the EVA

preps make this into a full morning exercise.

PAO Okay. The second question from Bill Johnson,

is will the crew have air-to-ground press conference, if sowhen?

SCHNEIDER The answer is I'm, yes, we have an air-to-

ground press conference, the last time I saw the schedule,

it was for the 27th, but that of course is subject to change,

b u t , yes, we a r e planning on one at this ti me.

PA0 Okay, do we h a ve anymore questions here?

QUERY Wha t , yon pro b ably haven' t ma d e any decisions

on t his ye t , bu t what is t he status now of t he ba c k u p h a r d -

wa re, how far in t hese, t his series of missions do you have

t o go bef o re yon say we're no t going to use t h a t or i t d o esn' t

work t ha t way?

SCHNEIDER Oh, t he b a ckup h a rdw a re h a s comple t e dfabrica t ion an d had comple t ed fa b rica t ion prior to liftoff,

it is in what we call a mission supp o r t s t a tu s, tha t is we

using the backup airlo c k module for example, t o tro u bleshoot

so me of t he pro b lems as they c ome up in the fligh t . Tha t

har d ware all exis t and is comple t e, c o mple t ed in fabrica t ion

has no t been completely checked out and we ha d n o t pl a nne d

t o co mpletely check i t o u t. We will keep those equipments

tha t a re necessary for mission suppor t un t il t he end of t he

mission, i t is our plan sometime d uring Skyla b III, in allpro b a b ility, t o make a decisio n as t o whe t her or n o t t o

continue wi t h t he backup capabili t y or no t . We have t he name

of t he come t here, I'll spell it. Kohou t ec.

QUERY Bill, you've had some vario u s emo t ions

and feelings as you've gone through t his fli g h t an d t hey'vech a nged up and down, how do yon feel now a bout it?

SCHNEIDER Gre a t, we go t tha t flare, well t ha t was

a cul mina t ion of, not t he culmination, b u t t h at wa s a grea t

event t hat many of us have been looking forwar d t o, a nd

Skylab has, as I've been t elling yon now for t he past few d a ys,


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SKYLAB NEWS CENTER

Houston _ Texas

Change of Shift Briefing

Johnson Space CenterJune 16, 1973

4:36 a.m. CDT

P a rti c ipant s:

Nell B. Hutchinson, F l ight DirectorHilt Reim, PAO

PC- 5 5


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SL - II P C- 55A - I

Time: 04: 3 6 C DT

6 / 16 / 73

PAO We'll get st a rte d he r e with the e a r l y,

early morning c hange of shift briefing. Nell H u tchinson,

the Flight Dire c tor, will give us a brief s u mmary of what's

taking place and what i s to take pla c e.

HUTCHINSON Okay, let me te l l y o u a little bit ab o ut

tomorrows- sure we're going here, M i lt?

PAO Reg.

HUTCHINSON Okay, tell you a little bit about to-

morrow's flight plan. Day 168, mission day 24, Sunday is

absolutely packed with experimenting. It's the biggest

bunch of ATM time that we've been able to pull together

since I've been doing these summary shifts. We have almost

6 hours of ATM manned viewing ti me. Of course the ATM

time has been going up since we aren't doing the EREPs any-

more. The SAL, the plan for the use of the minus-Z SAL that

I gave you yesterday is being followed exactly. On day

167, that's tod a y, the day we're flying now, we're going

to finish SO73 oper a tions. First thing in the m o rning on -

as soon as we get up on d a y 16B, we'll be taking SO73 out

of t he SAL, and we'll pu t S019 in i t and we'll get two

SO19 runs on day 168 and then we're go i ng to take SO19 out

and pu t TO2 7 in. And TO27, t he s a mple a rr a y will rem a in in

t he SAL for abou t 3 days. Got two med runs. The las t t wo

MI31 runs, t he ones being done a t 30 RPMs, are being done

o n day 168. That'll be t he end of the MI31 experimen t for

Skylab 2. We're d o ing our last calibra t ions of t he mass

measuring devices, we didn' t ge t t he body m a ss me a suring

device eal in the fligh t plan, bu t we did d o the finalcalibra t ion on a speciman mass me a suring de_ice_ t he li tt le

one. And that's kind of a synopsis o f the fligh t plan on

day 168. Oh, one thing I o u ght t o c o mmen t on, the t rim burn.

The trim burn is being done on the morning of day 168. Right

now, and we're s t ill t ryi n g t o home in on a n u mber, the burn is

going to be only .4 of a foot per second, and t he curren t

t ime is at 08: 5 5 Z u lu on day 168. The pl a ns for using -

let me t alk a lit t le bit abou t sys t ems and experiments now.

We h a ve a plan pu t t ogether for how we're going t o - of

course you know t ha t we're only doing a single EV A now.

Or t he EVA for a single purpose, or a single EVA, t o ge t the

film. CBRM 15_ whether we're going to do any t hing with

t hat is still being talked ab ou t, however i t 's beginning

to look more f a vorable t h at we indeed will t ry something

with GBRM 15. We do not as of yet have the final plan for

how we're going t o operate t he coolan t loop a nd t he SUS loops

bu t , we have our preliminary procedure put t oge t her, which

basically calls for u s t o attempt to free the TCVB valve in

t he sec o ndary loop, and run the EV A with a s t and a rd loop


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SL-II PC-55A-2

Time: 04:36 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

configuration, with one EV crewman on the prime loop, one

EV crewman on the second loop and the IVA crewman on the

second loop. And that's pretty much where that stands.

The two coolant loops are performing about like they been.

No changes. The one thing we did get fixed and the crew

did it on their own, they keep one step ahead of us. In

the day 168 flight plan, the one we built last night, we

scheduled an hour to change out the dispenser in the waste

management compartment - the water dispenser, above where

the wash cloth squeezer is, because we think that that's

where the flow problems are coming from in the water system.

You know, they've been talking about that for a week. And

io and behold, when we got the channel B tapes dumped this

morning from last night before they went to bed, there was

a note on Channel B. They've already changed it out, andthe valve was indeed all gobbered up inside, and it did fix

the flow problem, and that was the only spare of that thing

we have on board, so we'll probably be talking about taking

another one up on Skylab 3. So the water flow problem that

we had in the waste management compartments is finished.That's it.

PAO Okay, we'll start - go ahead Art, thenwe'll work on down.

QUERY Okay, I guess a c o u ple of things I'mcurious about. If you could explain maybe, wh a t you're

going to do with the t ime that you're getting back from onlyhaving to do a single purpose EVA_ and also, I'd like you

to go into the philosophy of why you're doing an entry sim-

ulation today? What was the thinking behind it that makes

you do these kind of things?

HUTCHINSON Okay. First things first. As far as

the time that we picked up, which looks like about 6 hours.

Six man hours. We haven't definitely planned anything for

it yet. I suspect what it will end up doing is getting, of

course, you know, it won't be used for ATM, be c a use the ATMis c losed out. We'll be running it un a ttended from thenon. The ATM is closed out immediately af t er the EVA, andit's not operated again, manned. I suspe c t right now, if Ih a d to guess, I would suspe c t t hat we would prohably do some

c orollary work, and I really don't know what. I also thinkthat there are several items that we h a ve been putting offas we've marched on down the line here, that will chew up

quite a bit of it. Let me tell you the kinds of things

they are. They're all very unglamorous. They're - We've

got about 2-1 / 2 hours worth of EREP closeout to do. Clean-

i ng the tape re c orders, reloading mags_ transfering tapes,accounting for the swabs, like just a whole merit llst of

busy work that needs to he done to finish off the EREP

thing. We have a couple of _y_t e m_ings that we'vebeen putting off. One of them is dumping the big con -

END OF TAPE


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SL-II PC-55B / ITime: 04:36 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

HUTCHINSON We have a couple of big systems things

that we've been putting off. One of them is dumping the

big condensate tank. That's an end of mission systems thing

that takes about 3 hours. And if all planned, it was a nominal

planned thing. We just gotta work it in somewhere, and it's

already been proposed to be stuck in that time. We have been

putting off the big BMMD CAL. We tried to get it in again

last night and couldn't. And we'll probably try to get it in

at day 169, and I'm not sure we'll get it in there, if that

might slip over. So what I'm telling you is that I think

that we're just darned glad to have the 6 hours back, and

we'll probably fill it up with straighten-up, clean-up tasks

and maybe slip a corollary thing in there. There's been no -

If you're thinking about M509 or some bigey llke that, there'sbeen no conversations like that whatsoever of, you know, getting

a new big thing going in that time period. As far as the entry

SlM goes, I think the basic philosophy behind that thing is

that it has been a lot of days since either the ground or the

crew has thought seriously about the CSM and its systems and

its operation. It has been well over a month since we have

simulated an entry with the crew in terms of passing the data

back and forth that needs to get passed and computing the

maneuvers on the ground. And so I would say that the basic

philosophy of the thing is that in these long duration missions,

when we have something as time critical as an entry sequence

that requires a coordinated effort between the crew and the

ground, we feel like it's been too long since we've practiced

it. Therefore, we've scheduled a practice of it. Now in a -

I'm trying to think of Skylab 3 and 4 - if we did a couple of

things like that. We did an entry SIM; we did something else.

I can't recall what it is right off the bat, but I believe we

did - it escapes me. Anyway, similiar things are being done

in Skylab 3 and 4, and there may be more of them, because thetime is longer.

QUERY Wet1, how do you assess whether everything

has gone properly? What do you look for - what are you goingto be looking for?

HUTCHINSON You look for the - Well, first off, of

course, there's a series of maneuvers that have to be computed.And on the ground, based on the crew doing certain things andbased on the times that they pick, you look for a basic

ability to meet the timeline. To make sure that we haven't

got anything too tight, you look for a verification of the

procedures - that everybody remembers the things they're sup-

possed to do and when they're suppossed to do them, both on

the ground and in the air and especially in the air. The

crew will be going through a complete set-up of the G&N and


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SL-II PC-5 5 B/ 2

Time: 04:36 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

a complete set of switch touchings a nd throwings, where possible.

And they'll have all their checklists out. We've updated t heir

check - that's another thing. The checklists have been upd a ted

wi th a ny CSM ano ma lies th a t h a ve oc cu rred, li ke a t r a n sd uc er

t ha t i sn't w o rk i ng o r w h at ever, over t he 28 d a ys, so t h a t we're

act u ally tuning- u p t he c he c klist for the entry, too, if yo uwill. The splash poin t , I'm no t sure I wish Phil was here,

but t he splash poin t may have ch a nged a t ad from whe r e we

pl an ned it. I n f ac t, I k n ow it has b e cau se the gro un dtra c k

is a l i t t le different. So i t gets people famili ar wi t h the

numbers, et c e t era.PAO Bru c e?

QUERY Yeah. On the same t hing, Nell. Does the

SIM t a ke the e xac t s a me t im e a s the ac t ual u nd o cki n g re-e n t ry ?

HUTCHINSON Yes, wi t hin reason. I am not c ert a in if

we run it all the way t o t he wa t er - Up t h r o u gh the enti r eburn seq u e n ce, t he final retro-fire b u rn in t he in i t ial en t ry

programs - the answer is ye s , i t does.

QUERY Does t he c rew go t hrough the i n s t alla t io n

of - mechanical installa t io n s of t hings like the pr o b e and

dr o gue and so for t h?

HUTCHINSON I d o n' t believe t hey i n stall t he pr o be

and drogue. In fac t , they don' t . They do no t ins t all the

probe and dr o g u e.

QUERY So - -

HUTCHINSON We pick up effec t ively at separ at ion.

QUERY Nell, what's the b est ti me o n t he EVA s t ar t

Tu esday?

HUTCHINSON I haven't got i t . There - and there is

one, too. You mean ha t ch-open?

QUERY Ha t ch- o pen.

HUTCHINSON We'll have to ge t him th a t, Bill.PAO Okay.

HUTCHINSON EV A ha t ch-open t ime. I don' t h a ve it,

Bruce, bu t i t 's been pre tt y well pinned down, I believe.

QUERY Okay, and we set back t he crew wake-up one

more time, don't we?

HUTCHINSON No, we're there.

QUERY We're there?

EAO Excep t for t he morning of reentry.

HUTCHINSON Except for oh, no, no - yeah - correc t .There's one more - all done in one fell swoop. Right, on mis-

sion day 29 - or 28 a nd 29. Tha t 's right. The las t they

go t o bed early, and t he las t sleep period is five - only five

hours long - t he sleep peri o d be t ween day 28 a nd retro-fire

day. And t hen t hey'll get up 4 hours e a rly o n t h at day.

QUERY You mean 4 hours earlier th a n t hey are now.


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SL-II PC-55B / 3Time: 04:36 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

HUTCHINSON Yes, sir.

QUERY In other words, they'll - -

HUTCHINSON So we've flopped them back a total of

8 hours all told.

QUERY So they'll be up at - let's see, that'si0:00 CDT?

HUTCHINSON p.m. Yes. Yes, sir.

QUERY And so you figure - -

HUTCHINSON That's correct, and splash-down is roughly

12 hours after that, which is like 8:00 o'clock in the morning

or 7:00 o'clock in the morning in the Pacific - or rightafter daylight, dawn.

HUTCHINSON Because 12 hours from that would be like

I0:00 o'clock Houston time a.m., in the morning.

QUERY I thought that was going to he right about9:00 a.m. Houston time.

HUTCHINSON Okay. Well, ii hours.

QUERY Is it ii h ours?

HUTCHINSON It's 11-i / 2.QUERY Thirteen. It 's about 13:50 - -

END OF TAPE


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SL-II PC-55C-I

Time: 04:36 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

QUERY - that was it was going to be about9:00 a. m. Houston time.

HUTCHINSON Okay, well, ii hours.QUERY Is it ii hours?

HUTCHINSON It's 11-1 / 2 --QUERY Thirteen. It 's about 13:50 GMT.

PAO Okay, we have one question here. We

want to try and wind this up so we can catch the stateside

pass. After undoek, will they try to fly around TV or

station keeping TV?

HUTCHINSON We will be doing the fly around after

undoeking per standard procedure. And there will be tele-

vision coverage.

QUERY Let me ask one quick question before we

go, and that is - Is there anything in the actual flightdirecting of Skylab that impresses you as being different

from the way you - went to you in SIMs?HUTCHINSON Different than SIMs?

QUERY Yeah, or different than you expected.HUTCHINSON No, but I have discovered that it's

tremendously different from Apollo in the fact that the

flight directors are not capable of persuing problems with

the same amount of detail they used to persue them in Apollo.

That ought to be obvious. I mean you guys ask us questions

that you would think we probably ought to know the answers

to, and we don't. And that's mainly my opinion. There's

more stuff than any one man could absorb all the intimate

details of, which really means that we're relying a lot

more on the operators in the Control Center to come up

with the right answers and making reasonable misJudgements

as opposed to doing some intimate technical details our-

selves. But that's the big thing I've found. And I guess

I never really believed it, even after all the SIMs, untilI finally got in the mission and discovered how little Iknow.

PAO Okay, we'll cut it off right here.Thank yon.

END OF TAPE


15/140

SKYLAB NEWS CENTER

Houston _ Texas

TV TOUR - CREW QUARTERS

Johnson Space Center

June 16, 1973

12:37 p.m. CDT

Par t ic ipant :

Rusty Schweickart

PC-56


16/140


6 / 16 / 73

PAO All right , we have with us, today,

astronaut Rusty Schweickart. And he will narra t e a playbackof the TV tape showing a tour of the crew quarters in Sky-

lab. We did not get a sound track on this tape as it was

dumped this morning. Rusty.

SCHWEICKART Okay, here we see Joe Kerwin in the

orbital workshop. We're down on what we call the crew

quarters deck. This is the location where we have the

sleeping compartments and the - many of the medical experi-

ments. Joe here is introducing the viewer to the area that

we call the experiment compartment. Behind Joe you see the

circuit breakers which distribute the electrical power to

the various experiments and electrical equipment used down

here in the - on the crew quarters deck. Joe is pointing

here to the refrigeration system displays which indicate

the temperature of the various chillers and freezers thatfreeze the food and urine. The temperature control system,

the so-called thermostat, what is the equivalent of a

thermostat in a house. He's now going past the circuit

breaker panels to indicate with his right hand there on a -

what we call speaker intercom assembly_ the speaker box,which the crew normally uses to converse with mission con-

trol here in Houston. You notice that Joe now has in his

hand a long cord and a microphone around his neck that he's

using. This is just for the TV tour, normally we press

the various switches and controls directly on the speaker

box. In front of Joe now, is the MI31 rotating ch a ir.This chair is used in 3 different modes. One to investi-

gate the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion disturbance.

A second is to determine the sensitivity to angular ac-

celeration and how that sensitivity changes with time in

zero gravity. Again_ this is an inner ear function. And

the third mode is to try and determine whether there are any

changes in the astronauts sense of up and down, or his - what

we call spatial localization overtime. Joe is now arm

waving here into the sleep compartment. We have three

seperate compartments for the crew. Each of the compart-

ments contains a sleeping bag, which Joe is pointing to

new. It's rather dark in there and you're not able to

see it very well, but the sleeping bag is suspended verti-

cally in this picture. However since there is really noup or down in space, and in a moment here you'll see Joe

just floating free, to sleep upright really has no mean-ing.


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SL-II PC-56A / 2

Time: 12:37 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

QUERY What is he doing there?

SCHWEICKART You see here now, he's demonstrating, I

think, getting into the sleeping bag, but sin c e I don't have

any idea what he's saying either, you have to sort of take

my word for it. Outside the sleep compartment, he's pointing

here to one of our fire detectors. It's a small elec t ronic

b o x which has a lens on t he front and moni t ors for ul t ra

viole t ligh t and if i t sees ul t ra viole t ligh t , which might

be generated by a fire in t he spacecraf t , i t t rips an alarm

and in a momen t I t hink_ you'll see Joe make tha t sor t of

panic move signaling wha t happens if t he fire alarm goes

off. And this has happened a couple of t imes on the fligh t ,

all of them false alarms, one during t he EVA when direct

sunligh t hi t one of the fire sensors in the EVA lock com-

par t ment while t he ha t ch was open. Again, I wish I knew

what he was saying as well as you do. Joe's now moving fro m

the sleep compar t men t to t he b at hroom of the labora t ory andnow he jus t chased a glob of w at er and you can see on your

t elevision screen t hat a hi t of t he water ended up on t he

lens of the TV camera. He's poin t ing back t o the t oilet or

t he pot t y chair t hat you can see s t icking ou t of t he wall

t here. If I remember righ t , now - -

END OF TAPE


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SL-II PC56B / ITime: 12:37 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

SCHWEICKART He's pointing back to the toilet or the

potty chair that you can see sticking out of the wall there.

If I rememher right n o w, he moves i n t o the co mpar tme n t, andhe's going to pull a t i ssue out of a tissue dispense r . Ok a y,here he comes, a nd now he's going to w i pe ou r eye for us. Andyou notice now we've removed the spot of w a ter. Yo u cannoti c e that the effect of zero gravity is th a t everythingfloats, including the communications cable which he's using

to talk. And occasionally that gets cumbe r some and in the way.Joe now his hand on the trash airlock. This is the so-calle d

tr a sh can of the spacecraft. Ra t her th a n keep th e trash, so me

of which is - has organic materi a l in it, in the living environ-ment with u s, we have an airlo c k into whi c h we deposit o ur

t rash. And Joe's opening up the top the r e. Unfort u n a tely,the tape was spliced at th a t point. He h a s in his left h a nda bag into which we place trash. That b a g goes into the tr as hairlock and is deposited down be l ow the floor yo u see h e r e,into what was formally the liquid oxygen t a nk ef the S-I VBbooster. And this is kept in a vacuum down there a nd be c o me sa sor t o f trash dumping area. S o every night the c r ew goest hrough this disposal of waste material dewn into the trashdump. Now Joe has moved new into the wardroom. He has his

left hand t here on one of the food trays and is indicatingthe heating wells into which he's going to place one of the

large food cans. He pulled off a piece of protective card-board there, and he placed it in the heating well. And over

on the other side of the food tray, he's simulated settingthe timer, which would automatically turn on a heating c oilto prepare the food for eating. And this timer can be set in

such a way that when it's time for the crew to eat, the timer

has come on and heated the food, and it's just the right te m-perature. Now he's throwing away that piece of cardboard in t oa trash disposal locker. You see, we have a flapper door onthe front of it and then a rubber diaphragm, which keeps all

the trash in but still lets you push trash that y o u have inyour hand through it. There is also a cover that goes on the

f oo d tr a y, a n d perh a ps y ou 've s ee n th a t on s ome o f the o therTV that's come down. Once we loa d u p t he foo d t ray wi t h the

nex t me a l a nd set the t imer, we p u t t he c over on, so t h at wedon't t ry and heat up t he air as well as t he foo d . He's no windi c ating, o n the wardroom t able t here, t he t wo wa t er dis-pensers. We have wa t er di spensers we u se to re c ons t itu t e t he

foed_ one of which is pu t s out ho t water, a n d the other p u tsout cold water. Be's looking for a - one of h i s own drinks

for this day. This is yesterday eveni n g. And he's t aking

t he top off of it, a nd in ju s t a momen t yo u 'll see him p u t i tover t he c old water dispenser a n d fill it u p a nd take a dr inkfrom i t . Now he has dialed in t he amo u n t of wa t e r which sho u ld

go i n to tha t bag. I d on' t know whe t her it's ora n ge Ju ice or


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SL-II PC56B / 2Time: 12:37 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

grape drink or coffee. But come to think of it, since he's on

the hot water dispenser over there, it's probably either cocoa

or coffee, or perhaps tea. And he has injected water into it,

and he shook it up. And now you notice it accordian out, andhe now squeezes it into his mouth.

QUERY Did he bite off the original cover (garble)?

SCHWEICKART Yes, probably. He's now pointing to the

wardroom window. This window has a cover over it which is slid

over it now in order to keep from blinding the television camera.

The Earth is so bright when you look at it, that if that window

cover were off, unfortunately we would not be able to have a

very good view in the wardroom because of the brightness of the

scene outside. So the window itself is actually covered here.But, as you can see, it's quite large, and the crew has enjoyed

very much looking out of it. Now he's indicating some of the

storage lockers, and spread across the front of several of them,

you can see some spring bungees, which we use to store books and

papers under. Joe's now moving over to the other side of the

wardroom, and the cable which you see in his hand comes from

an electrical outlet on the floor above and comes down through

the ceiling and is plugged into - And there's our friend, Pete

Conrad, in the picture. That cable is plugged into the inflight

medical support system, in which we have a - some medical equip-

ment. An d one of the items of equip ment in th a t kit is an incubatorfor incubating cultures. In case someone get sick, we can swab the

throat very much the same way that your doctor would do it and

incubate the culture to see what the problem is. In this par-

ticular case, the incubator is hooked up because their - the

crew activated a student experiment - a high school experiment

yesterday called ED31, in which they are growing cultures for

this high school student. And in just a moment - -

END OF TAPE


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SL-II PC56C / ITime: 12:37 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

SCHWEICKART ...a high school student experiment yester-

day called ED31, in which they are growing cultures for this

high school student. And in just a moment Joe will point out

to you the cultures which are presently being grown and photo-

graphed. There they are, he has six of them. They're in

transparent culture dishes and we periodically photograph these

to see how the cultures are growing. You're now looking out

again into the experiment compartment. I think Joe is going

to come back in to show the entertainment center. He's just

opened the door to the entertainment center and on the inside

of the door you can see a stereo tape recorder which is sus-

pended there and on occasion we at the Mission Control Center

are entertained by music wafting down through the airways.

Some of it classical, some country, we have something foreveryone. Also in the entertainment center there is a library.

The crew took up quite a few books, and of course, we have not

only the books for the Skylab II crew, but also for the Skylab III

and IV crews which will be going up on 56 d a y missions la t er int he year. Joe has moved back ou t in t o the experi men t compar t mentand t his is the compar t men t which con ta ins mos t of the medical

experimen t s. We've already men t ioned t he rota t ing chair. Joepresen t ly has his lef t hand t here on t he se at of t he bicycleergometer. Pe t e Conrad h a s j u s t shut o u t a light turned o utone of the lights so that we get a better quality picture. The

bicycle ergometer has - is used to measure the ability of

the astronaut crew to do work over long periods of t i mein zero gravity. They ride the bicycle and were able to

measure not only the work that they put o u t but also thecarbon dioxide they produce and the oxygen th a t is consumed

a s well as electrocardiogram, blood pressure and things of

that kind. This information is compared with the same typeof information on the same equipment which w a s g a theredpre-flight in the control period when we knew wha t the condition ,

the physical condition of the crew is. Joe is presently get t inginto the shower and this is sort of a - a cylindrical hoop skirt

that is compressed against the floor and he'll demonstrate

here in just a momen t that you get inside it and t hen pullit up around you. And he doesn't get it all the w a y up

because he's got the cord going to the speaker box at themoment but you'll see that he brings it up t here aroundshoulder height. And you can see that would go right

up to the ceiling and latch in t o the ceiling, in which caseyou just erected yourself a stall shower. I think th a t's

the end of the tape that was transmitted last night for the


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SL-II PC65C / 2Time: 12:37 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

E - for the tour of the crew compartment.

SPEAKER Thank you.

SCHWEICKART Okay, and I'ii be glad to answer any furtherquestions if people have them.

SPEAKER No questions?

QUERY This doesn't bare directly on the TV show,

but we talked before about zero gravity and about how much

easier it is to work. Do you have a feeling - of course this

won't be answered until after Skylab IV and even longer missions

do you have a feel yet as to whether you personally would

perfer to work in zero gravity for real long dur a tions, say6 months or a year? Or would you rather have some artifically

induced gravity like induced by spin or acceleration?

SCHWEICKART Well, this is one of things which we

certainly hope to answer on flights of this kind. There arereally several different aspects to it. One is what we as

human beings individually would like to have on a purely

subjective basis, and of course, the other is, what environ-

ment is suitable for certain operations in space. There are

quite obviously some things which you'd like to do which need

from the technical point of view, which need gravity, so

that we may have to provide an artificial gravity environment

even in what is basically a zero gravity spacecraft. From

the purely personal point of view, and not only from the

personal point of view, but speaking from my own point of

view, and I really can't speak for Pete and the guys that are

up there now over long dura t ion. But my own personal experiencewas that zero gravity was a very, very plesant and enjoyable

environment in which to work. It - it's not all peaches and

cream, however. You pay for it in certain undesirable aspects

again at the personal level. Handling fluids to drink is

not a simple matter when - when you have zero gravity because

of course, it just floats out of any cont a iner, and youtherefore have to have a closed drinking containers as you

saw there. And any gas that's trapped in the container when

you fill it with water, or mix it with water, you end up

having to swallow it, so that yo n do end up with kind of a

general bloated feeling. But I have a feeling that - -

END OF TAPE


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SL-II PC-56D / I

Time: 12:37 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

SCHWEICKART -- or mix it with water, you end up having

to swallow. So that you do end up with a kind of general

bloated feeling. But I have a feeling that over a long per-

iod of time, that's s o mething that you probably get used to,

become accustomed to, and it no longer bothers you. Over a short

period of time, of course, is something you have to adapt to.

But, in general, floating in a zero-gravity environment is

very pleasant, and the TV that we've had come down from the

Skylab makes that very obvious. And I think - My guess is

that the crew is going to come down and say that, at least

from the human point of view, it's really a fun environment

to work in. Now as I say, there are - If you look at the

problem of a rotating s p ace station, which of course you

h a ve to have in order t o provide an artificial gravi t y, then

there are sever a l inherent dis a dv a ntages. Any t i me you wan t

t o look at t he Earth to do Ear t h resources experiments or

even point co mmunica t ions antennas or t hings of t h at kind,

or if you w a nt t o lo o k a t t he Sun or l o ok at the stars or any

external looking device - And of course t his is one of t he

opportunities tha t is opened by space travel, by getting

above t he atmosphere. Then if you're doing i t fro m a ro-

ta ting device, you have t o - you have a large pointing problem,

bec a use y ou have to coun t er ro tat e your a n t enna or y o ur

t elescope or whatever it isyou're using. So for anything

which looks out from the spacecraft, a non-rot a tlng or a

zero-gr a vlty sp a ce station is obviously desirable or less

comple x , le t 's say. On t he other hand, as I say, there arecer ta in t hings, certain types of experiments, which we'll

wa n t to d o in space where you probably will w a nt t o have a

contr o lled and perhaps even variable gravi t y environ men t .

So I t hink we're going to probably find a mix in t he fu t ure.

QUERY What did you find was the b igges t dis a dvan-

ta ge of zero-g when you were ou t t here, a s far a s, you kn o w,

personal fooling around or whatever?

SCHWEICKART Well, I t hink - Again, there's just no

wa y t ha t I can speak for Skylab. B ut certainly o n the early

Apoll o missions, one of which I flew on, Apollo 9, we h a d a

c o nsiderable a moun t of gas trapped in the water supply. So

th a t whe n we fil l ed u p a dri n k b a g t o mix oran ge j uic e o r

cocoa or a nything of th at kind, we quite often en d e d up

wi th 40 percen t of t he v o lume of tha t b a g fi l led with g a s ,

ei t her oxygen or hydrogen or mixtures o f gases, which, when you

swallow them in order to finish off yo u r d r ink, yo u have

no choice b u t t o sw a llow t he gas along with t he liq u i d , a n d

as I say, t ha t became a li tt le bit d ist a steful. Now sin c e

th a t time, that situation has imp r oved, a n d on Skyla b , from

every t hing we've been able t o see, t he d rink b a g s , for ex-

ample the o ne Joe filled t here, a ppears to h a ve a ve r y small


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SL-II PC-56D / 2Time: 12:37 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

portion of gas trapped in it, which then makes it much less

distasteful. I would say that that was the most, let's say

negative aspect of, that I found in zero gravity.

QUERY I kind of hate to bring this up because

it might be a little distasteful to you, but you did have a

problem with illness on Apollo 9?SCHWEICKART Yes.

QIYERY And I'm not clear at this point whether

that was a product of the gas in the drinking fluids orwhether that was motion sickness or a combination or what-

ever. Could you refresh my memory and also comment upon the

fact that MI31 has apparently not induced any motion

sickness at all in zero-g, even though it came pretty closeon the ground?

SCHWEICKART Yeah, I really - Well, let me take thefirst one. I have a hard time commenting on the second one.

I don't think I'd like to draw any conclusions without

really taking a look at the data on that. But let me go

back to the first part of your question. In my case on

Apollo 9, I did get sick on two occasions on the Srd day of

the flight. There is some small probability that that was

due to the trapped gases or something in the food. But the

probability of that, at least in my mind, is very low. The

much more reasonable answer to that was motion sickness,

which in this case may be a misnomer, because it's - -

END OF TAPE


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SL-II PC56E / ITime: 12:37 CDT

6 / 16 / 73

SCHWEICKART - - due to t hat was motion si c kness, whichin this case may be a misnomer because it's sort of non-motion

s ickne ss . B u t it' s bas ic a ll y a c h a ng e i n the envi r o nmen twhich a ffects the functioning of the inner e ar . And of c ourse

one of the very basic reasons why MI31 is flyin g is to try andinvestigate what t hat sensitivity is and how i t ch a nges ingoing from a i gravity environment to 0 g r avity a nd back into

i gravity again. There are rather large in d ividual differences,which we've seen, which no one re al ly underst a n d s w h y or howthey correlate with d i ffe r ent individua ls . It's real l y - ina s e nse, a wide o pen s u bject which we're g at h ering da ta on,but rea l ly don't have any decent mode l s to be a b le to pre-dict what any individual react i on w i ll be, or wh a t happens

over t i me. Now in my own case from the su bj e c tive point-of-v i ew, once that initial b out of motion si c kness was over w i th,i t was very obvious that I a ccommodated r a p i d l y from th a t pointon. And i t would not surprise me at al l t o s ee th a t the re-

sults we're seeing on MI 3 1 t oday in Skylab, refle c t ve r y mu c hthat same t hing . Th a t is th a t there was, in t he case of th iscrew, a m o re rap i d ac c ommo dati o n to th a t environment th a n was

the case for me. And that not only was it rap i d, but that it -it's gotten to the po i nt now where we've a lmost do ub led the

s p eed of rotat i on of that c hair, a nd st il l to my knowledgehave seen no symptoms w h atever of motion sicknes s . And, a ga in,that' s s omewhat my own exper i en c e, ex c ept t ha t I appa r ently,for w ha tever indiv i dual re as ons, s ta r te d f r om a low e r a c c om-

mod a tion level than t h e crew that's up there n o w did. But this

is something which i s very basi c to spacefl i ght, and one ofthe primary reasons t ha t MI 3 1 is on board, to st u dy ex ac t l yth is phenomena, and try and understand wh a t it is and how itc h anges with t i me.

PAO Okay. Thank you a whole lot.SCHWEICKART Thank you.

END OF TAPE


25/140

SKYLAB NEWS CENTER

Houston, Texas



June 16, 1973

15:04 p.m. CDT

PARTICIPANTS:

Charles Lewis, Flight Director

Don Green, Public Affairs Officer

PC 57


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6 / 16 / 73

give us an idea what the problem is there, what troubles they're

having with it?

LEWIS Well, basically I think the problems is thatsome of the quick disconnects, if they have a vacuum in the line

of the tank, you disconnect, the quick disconnect coupler it's

not holding, it's pulling gas, cabin gas, into the system, and

they lose their pressure differential. But, there's basically

three tanks in the system, the small holding tank, in the air-

lock module, holds about 16 pounds of water. That's connected

to what we call a holding tank in the OWS. That holds about

660 pounds of w a ter. And th en what we were doing t o day is d u mp-ing that holding tank down into the large waste compartm e nt. Andapp a r e ntly when he demated the hose, to make the c o nnection forthe dump, we got some gas leakage.

END OF TAPE


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6 / 16 / 73

LEWIS We normally schedule anywhere from -

as I recall, anywhere from an hour and a half to two and ahalf hours each day for housekeeping. And those are various

chores. A lot of them are systems related. Like I said -

cl ean up, f i l ter c hanges I d o n't t h i n k t h at w e would s ch eduleany more t h an that on dea c tivation day, b ec ause we s c heduleddeactivati o n to take care of everything else . So there willbe no additional - I don't believe additional housek e eping timeper se. If it is h ousekeeping, it would be s c heduled andrequired a t that point in time to h e schedul e d as part o f t h e

deactivati o n. And I don't kn o w how to separate that for you; 1I don't think I could.

QUERY Are they going to h a ve to strap down somethings - and go around and kind of clean o u t the corners?

LEWI S They stow things away, clean it up forthe next crew . When I s a y s tow, t ha t me a n s in v ari o us c omp ar t -ments, and, of course, they're f i xed . They' r e ti ed down. Andt h ey're wo r king o n so me of the stow a ge now, a s a ma tter of

fact. They have over t h e l a st two or th r ee days. When theyget s ome s p a re time, they go t hro u g h v a rious st ow a ge procedures.

QUERY Has t h e de ci s i on been mad e yet on the

EVA? Wil l t h ey go out and ta p the b a t t ery c ase on 15 and seeif the rel a y is stuck?

LEWI S I beli e ve they w il l try th a t. I b e lievethat's in the plan.

END OF TAPE


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6 / 16 / 73

QUERY On the EVA, will he go o u t and tap thebattery case on 15 and see if the relay is stuck?

LEWIS I believe they'll try th a t. I believethat's in the plan. That's CBRMI5.

PAO All right , thank you.

END OF TAPE


31/140

SKYLAB NEWS CENTER

Houston_ Texas


Johnson Space CenterJune 17, 19734:23 a.m. CDT

PARTICIPANTS:

Nell Hutchinson, Flight Director

Joe Jones, PAO

PC-58


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6 / 17 / 73

PAO All right, we'll start the change of

shift briefing now, with Flight Director Neil Hutchinson

present. Do you have a statement, Neil?

HUTCHINSON Yeah, it is going to be real short. We

had a quiet night last night. We worked a couple of little

problems, nothing real serious. We've been trying to get

everything all set up for this EVA, in terms of the systems

configuration. Last night, we worked on a procedure for a -

as you recall yesterday during the day, they dumped a con-

densate tank, the big holding tank that is used for keepingwater, holding water that's been removed out of the atmos-

phere inside the workshop. And we've discovered we've got

a couple of leaky quick disconnects in th a t system. Andthat system has to be used to remove water when there is

an EVA going on. And of course, we had a procedure wethought could work the disconnects, and it turns out it

is not going to - so because apparently they're all leaking,

both of them. The one up at the panel in the airlock and the one

downstairs. So we worked on a procedure last night to square

that away, and I think it's straightened out. We didn't

have any systems problems last night. We've pretty much

blocked out the EVA plans for day 26, and I have a pre-

liminary flight plan here. And the hatch - well, I can't

give you hatch open yet, but the preliminary times we've

got to actually begin the EVA which would be somewhere

near hatch open or in the area of 12:30 Zulu on mission

day 26, day of the year 170. So, th a t's a preliminary timeon that. And the day is pretty well blocked out, do an

EVA - we have some sp a re time there. Let me see what else

we have here. Yes, yesterday we finished M552, and that

finishes our use of the 512 facility. Our old friend M509,

the astronaut maneuvering unit, is back in the picture ag a in.The flight management team has decided that we are going

to run the M509 on Skylab III and IV. And of course, as you

know one of the questions has been, what's the status of the

batteries on the 509. Basically what we're going to do on

the 509 in Skylab II is today the CDR is going to top, he's

going to fill the bottles on M509. And tomorrow we will

run a 509 checkout run with the, not the thing on, but in

the stand, in the test stand, in the stand, it's stowagestand there will be firing jets and so on a nd so forth. And

we will use e_rnal power, we'll use workshop power instead

of battery po wer_ because o T course the concern is that the

batteries that we have onboard a r en't any good because ofthe heat stress that they have seen back when the work-

shop got rather hot. So basic plan is to check out 509 to


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6 / 17 / 73

make sure it is working, and then fly it on Skylab III and

IV. And we'll obviously have to work the battery situation

later. That's about all I have on systems. And as far as

the flight plan goes that we've built for day 169, it is

full up again. Day 169, mission day 25 is the last day for

ATM operations. We're slowly but surely closing this baby

down. And we have got a full day of ATM operations. We

also have 2 medical runs on M092 171. And the end of the

day, we close out day 169 with an hour and a half worth of

prep for EVA where they are going to get the suits out and

get the hoses all laid out and so on and so forth. That's

all I have.

PAO Okay, Tom, question?QUERY Nell, what time is that check out on

the 509 tomorrow, do you know?HUTCHINSON Oh, we haven't scheduled the check out

yet. I beg your pardon, we have scheduled it. And yes, I

can t ell you exactly when it is. It begins at 14:30 Zulu.

And t he PLT will d o it. And i t 's abou t a 30 minu t e operation.And he's no t going to put t his t hing on now and maneuver

around with it, the check ou t is done comple t ely in thet es t s t and, in the support bracke t s t here where it's stowedt here in t he workshop.

QUERY Now, is t hat t omorrow or t oday?HUTCHINSON To morrow, day 25.

END OF TAPE


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SL-II PC-58B / 2Time: 04:23 CDT

6 / 17 / 73

HUTCHINSON Yes, and I don't know whether it will be

live cause I'm - well let's look at the ground coverage.Yes, and they will probably be at least, in fact, there will

be at least one and maybe two live passes. However, thetelevision will not be taken outside the vehicle. I believe

they're going to operate it as they did during the other EVA from

inside the airlock, either through the STS windows or through

the CSM windows. And we are going to be running the video

tape recorder for a good part of the EVA, so it will be onfilm also.

PAO Anything further, Tom? Thank you verymuch.

END OF TAPE


36/140

P SKYLAB NEWS CENTER

Houston, Texas

TV Tour


June 17 / 197311:35 a.m. CDT

Par ticipan t s:

Bru c e McC andless, Ba c kup

Doug War d , PAO

PC-59


37/140

SL-II PC-59A / I

Time: 11:38 CDT

6 / 17 / 73

PAO This is the Johnson Space Center b riefing

room. And we'r e ready, at this time, to begin our replay

of the television - of the tour and also the replay of the

demonstration of the trash airlock and also the restraint

shoes used by the crew. We have Leiutenant Comm a nder Bruce

McCandless, who will give us a narrative, particular during

those portions of the tour where the audio was bad. And

we're ready to roll that tape now.

McCANDLESS Okay. The tour of the orbital workshop,

as presented last evening, commences in the multiple

docking adapter. That is the forward-most section of the

workshop proper. It is to the multiple docking adapter that

the command module mates and the crew tr a nsfers through into

the area in which you're observing now. You're looking

at the pilot, Commander Paul Weitz, speaking through a light-weight head set with the umbilical from that headset in

the foreground. On your screen left is an assembly of

six multispectral cameras used as a part of the Earth

resources experiment package. Weitz is pointing now at

the eyepiece of the viewfinder tracker system, which is

used for pointing an infrared spectrometer at small selected

t argets on t he surf a ce of the E a r t h. The E a rth resources

pack a ge is a collec t ion of sensors covering a wide r a nge of

optical and infr a red band-wid t hs designed t o gather da t ao n t h o se t echniques t ha t are mos t effective, for fu t ure

applic a tions in ga t hering infor mat ion on cr o p resources, a nd

geological fea t ures, informa t ion regarding the a tm ospheric

conditions here on Ear t h and sea-st a te and meteorologicalconditions at sea. Paul is now opening up the cover on t he

control and panel for t he total Ear t h resources e x periment

package. Nor mally, t his is a 3-man opera t i o n. One crew-

man opera t es t he con t rols for the majority o f t he experiments

from this majority of t he experiments from t his p a nel. The

second crew man operates t he viewfinder t r a cker sys t e m for

the infrared sensor, and t he t hird crewman o pera t es the

metric ca mer a from t he a n t l-sol a r scien t ific airlock t ha t ts

in t he side wall of t he forward experimen t compar t men t down

in the workshop proper. You'll note the e a se with which

Paul Weit z is main t aining himself in posi t i o n. He's hanging

on by wedging his feet in to the knooks and crannies in thispar t icular area, one hand free t o opera t e the equipmen t and

the ot her hand free, in this case, to hold his microph o ne.

He's now translated over into the vicinity o f t he t ape

recorder, he's o pening t he tape re c order cover. The bulk

of t he earth resources da ta is re t urned ei t her on pho t ographic

film, or recorded on magnetic t a pe, for a la t er play b a ck on

t he ground. We h a ve two data ta pe recorders on bo a rd_ a ssoci at ed


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SL - II P C- 5 9 A/ 2Tim e : 11 : 38 CD T

6 /17 /73

wi th the e arth res our ce s pa c k a ge. Eith er one of whi c h c a nb e used, th e one p rov i d i ng a ba c k u p for the other. Be h ind

Paul, you see the s ec t i on of gr i d work, which pr o vi d e s a moreposit i ve restra i nt for the operator of the cont r ol a nd dis-play panel should he desire it. Late r on in th i s s equen c e of

re c orded televi s ion, you'll see the tr ia n gl e shoes, w hic ha r e de si gned to inte r f ac e with su c h gr i d work an d the gri din other lo c at i ons t hroughout the workshop . Paul's des c r i bingnow, the v i deo t ape re c order i n s tal l ation on wh ic h the tapes

wh ic h you're now view i ng were re c orded. S i n c e the Skylab i si n a l ow-e a rth or bi t, c ommuni ca tion cover a ge with the groundstat i ons is of ne c ess i ty l i mited by line-of-site c onfigur a tion s .A typical pass is i 0 or ii m i nutes long, and when the spa c e-c ra ft goes below the horizon, the r ad i o si g na l from i t i s

c ut off. Consequently, to record progr a ms of any s i gn i f i cantdurat i on, we have to resort to an onboard tape re c or d er. Yo umay be i nterested in knowing that this video tape reco r de ri nstal l ation is the same - -

END OF TAPE


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SL-II PC59B / I

Time: 11:38 CDT

6 / 17 / 73

McCANDLESS - - signal from it is out off. Consequently,

to record programs of any significant duration, we have toresort to an onboard tape recorder. You may be interested

in knowing that this video tape recorder installation is

the same package that will be used in the Apollo-Soynz test

mission for recording scenes from that Joint mission with

the Soviet Union. The low ear t h orbit was selected in order

to maximize our capability for making scientific observations

in connection with the Earth Resources Program, to keep t h e

crewmen below the radiation coming from the Van Allen belt and

other radiation belts that naturally encircle our planet,

and to provide a compromise on lifetime of the space station

that is high enough to be in a low-drag area, and the minimum

requirements for fuel necessary to get to it. In the back-

ground you see Joe Kerwin, Navy Commander, Flight Surgeon,

and Pilot operating the control panel of the Apollo telescope

mount, which looks at the Sun in the X-ray and ultraviolet

regions of the spectrum, as well as examining the Sun's

corona in white light. These experiments can only be performed

f ro m a n orbit al l oca tion, sin c e o u r o wn p r ote c tive a t mo s phe r e

very effectively screens o u t t he ultraviole t an d X-ra d ia t lon

and protects us from i t , an d the a tmosphere an d p a r t icles

in it scatter the ligh t coming from the corona, making it

i mpossible for us to observe the corona he r e on the surf a c e

of t he Earth ex c ept during t otal solar eclipses. As we zoom

in you'll no t ice t ha t Joe h a s t wo t elevision moni t ors at

his com ma nd in t he mid d le of the c on t r ol a nd displ a y pane l .These are look i ng at t he S u n in t he hy d roge n Alpha llne

right now, whi c h is a red light line. The image appea r s to

be rolli n g do wn. Th i s is caused by a syn c hroniza t ion problem, in

t ha t t he o n board television camera a n d the sh a ke genera t or

for t he d isplays tha t t he Apollo t elescope mou n t are sligh t ly

out of phase and give you this rolling mo t ion tha t yo u may

be familiar wi t h when the ver t i c al hol d c on t rol o n yo u r home

television se t is slightly misad j usted. The ac t u al display

of co u rse, is q u i t e ste a dy. He's res t raine d in a s ma ll

chair with a lap b elt. Also, has available a restrain t

t e c hnique using the t riangle shoes for his fee t to keep hi mi n posi t ion. This seems t o be t he most effec t ive way of

res t r ai ning yourself for long per i o d s of t ime at t he pa n el

a n d having b ot h h a nds free for opera t io n . Pa u l Weitz is now

moved ba c k t o the s t ructur a l tra n s i t ion se c t ion, th at is

a forward par t of the airlock module prope r , an d is explaine d

in t he opera t ion of the c aution and w a rning sys t e m. Over

76 separ a ter par a me t ers, t hat is, separate q u an t ities within


40/140


6 / 17 / 73

t he workshop are continually monitored by the caution and

warning system. Should anyone of these parame t ers go ou tof limi t s, a light a nd a tone is sounded to indic at e thatt here's a problem. Paul has jus t pushed the tes t switcht urning on a large bank of t he - t urning on all of t he warning

ligh t s. You see t he warning lights illu min a ted in t he righthand part of your screen, Pa u l jus t pushed the m a s t er alarm

light which rese t s them and t urns off the tone. He's nowgoing t o demons t rate the opera t ion of wha t we call t heDel t a-P swi t ch. The Del t a-P sensor senses the Delta t o t he

pressure, t hat is the ra t e of change of workshop pressure

sounds the cl a shing t ha t you hear in t he b a ckground, if thepressure is decreasing at a rate rapidly enough to indicate

a leak. He's now activated the fire alarm. We have amultiplicity of fire sensors scat t ered throughout the vehicle,anyone of which will turn on a light indica t ing it's loc a tionand sounding the fire siren and allowing the crew to take

effective response. Later on in the tape you'll see the fire

hose down in the workshop which yon would use in comba t ingsuch a fire. The unsung hero behind the s c enes righ t nowof course, is Commander, Pete Captain Pete Conrad, the

commander of the mission who's operating the hand-held

TV camera pointing it at the scenes as they're described

by Paul. He's now describing the location of wha t we call

a molecul a r sieve. These units supplied in redundant pairs,circulate the atmosphere throughtout the vehicle through a -

an adsorbent canister, thereby allowing you to mechanically

remove the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and to dumpthe - -

END OF TAPE


41/140

SL-II PC- 5 9CII

Ti me: 11:38 CDT

6 / 1 7 / 73

McCANDLESS - - through a, - an adsorbent canis t er,

thereby allowing you to mechanically remove t he c a rbon d ioxi d efro m the at mosphere a nd t o dump t he c a rbon dioxide overboard

selec t ively, thereby purifying t he atmosphere. Paul, has

Just made a joke, in t ha t he was describing t he f a c t tha tt his was known as molecular sieve A and the ot her molecular

sieve B, and he looked up to see t hat Pete had poin t ed the

camera t o molecular sieve B, and was surprised t o find t ha t .

Looking inside the, t he external package, y o n can see p a r t

of the workings of it. In the lower lef t hand corner, is

a solid strap backed up by the ac t iva t ed ch a rcoal canis t er,

which serves to remove odors and other con t a mina t e gases

from t he at mosphere th at are not effec t ively t aken ou t by t he

CO2 scrubber system. Paul is t ransla t ing af t , tha t is,

aw a y fro m the co mmand module, down in t o the airlock pr o per.This sec t ion of the larger airlock module is a sec t ion approx-

imately 5 feet in diameter and about 10 fee t long, which can

be shielded off from t he res t of t he worksh o p, depressurized

t o vacuum independen t ly and allow 2 crewmen t o go ou t in t o

t he vacuum of space o n an EVA or spacewalk through a Ge mini

spacecraf t hatch moun t ed in t he side o f t he airlock sec t ion.

Inside the a irlock a re t he fi tt ings and co nne c t ors ne c ess a ry

f o r hooking up t he umbili c al, whi c h supplies t he c rewmen wi t h

o x ygen, wi t h cooling water and wi t h elec t ri c a l power t o

support t hem during t heir s pacewalk. He is now ba c k at the

af t - most mol sec t ion of t he airlo e k module, and is mentioning

t ha t we will c hange t he lo c a t ion of t he c olor t elevisi o nc a mera in Jus t a mom e nt a nd pi c k up t he b a lan c e of t he t our,

looking down in t o the workshop. We h a ve done tha t , wi t h a

momen t ary spli c e in the t apes. You're viewin g C ap t ain Pe t e

Conr a d, the mission com ma nder, as he t r a nsl a tes the res t r a int

loca t ion on t he dome locker ring, down in t he workshop proper.

He has an c hored his feet in t o a circumferen t i a l ring of gri d

work wi t h triagnlar holes in it, put t ing the triangles t hrough

and t wits and lo c ks t hem in pla c e. We've had so me diffi c ul t y

with the audio, so I'm going to c ontinue wi t h my narra t ion.

He's des c ribing t he fa c t tha t the lo c kers con t ain miscellaneous

supplies u sed during the mission. EV A eq u ipment, spare sleep

restr a ints, Ear t h Resour c e s Re co rder tapes, t hings of this

sor t . Do wn below the lo c kers are 10 w a ter t anks, which c on t ain

the wa ter th a t is u se d fo r _ r i n ki n g, fo o d [r a te r eco ns t i t u t l o n ,

a n d for c rew hygiene a nd washi n g fun c tions. Th a t the restr a i n t s

do provide effe c t ive immobiliza t ion, or lo c a t ion, is ill u s t r at e d

by the fa c t t hat he can reach do wn an d ope n a locke r . The

i t e ms in the lef t ha n d si d e of t he lo c ker, are ma gne t i c t apes

for t he Earth Resour c es t ape recorder. On t he right h a n d side,

ar e sp a re sl eep r est ra in t s f o r t he SL-III a n d I V cr e ws.


42/140


43/140

SL-II P C5 9 D/ I

Ti me: 11: 3 8 C DT

6 / 17 / 73

SPEAKER There's a nozzle which yo u see float i ng

free l y on the left hand side of you r screen. One of the

amazing things abo u t Skylab is has been the demon s tr a tion of

the facility in which the c r ew men can maneuver and the lack

of adverse affec t s such as dizziness or motion sickness, coupled

with t he acroba t ic maneuvers. Here you're looking a t a

s t owage locker; locker 702, which was shown t o us t hismorning as a part of a TV documentary, mainly for the benefi t

of follow-on flight crews and for ground controllers. This

l o cker con ta ins shower supplies s u ch as so a p, to wels, and

t hings of the like, and was reloca t ed from it's p o si t ion in the

wardroom to i t 's position here Jus t above the tool kits,

but conveniently adjacent to t he shower. The crew is

e n g a ged in a fai r am o u nt of d y mami c re a rr an g i ng of the

furn it ur e much a s an y n e w hous e h o lder would g iv e n h i s fi rs tfew da y s in a n e w ho me . A n o t her lock e r was r e l o ca te d h e r e

i n t h e wa r dr oo m, 74 9. And t h ey will s h o w us a bo u t t h i s

vi e w and re loca t i on of t h e food s t ora ge t ray t o b e m or e

conv e n ie n t t o the d i n i n g ar e a i n t h e wardr oo m. The dev ic e

acr os s t h e f r o n t o f t h e l o c k e r is a sp r i n g bun ge e . I t ' s

no t hin g mor e than a c o il sprin g wi t h a sna p on e ach en d t h at

ca n be u s ed f o r t e mpora rily h o ld i ng things in position

behind i t since of course, we have no gravity. And you

can' t pu t some t hing down and expec t to come back and find

it t here. The tr a ys a t t he t op o f your screen are pull-ou t

beverage trays. They con t ain spring loaded storage clips for

res t r a ining the recons t ltu t able beverages t hat a re consumed

by the Skyl a b crewmen. In the cen t er of yo u r screen you

see J o e Kerwin's foo t s t icking d o wn, on the bot t om of t he

foo t is lit t le device called a m u shroom. I t 's re a lly a sor t

of a h oo k th at c an fit thro u gh the t ri an g ula r g ri dw o rk an d

c atch in the corners allowing him t o p u ll h i mself down in t o

position and hold himself lo c a t e d very s t ably. Wh at you

see here is one of t he t hree press u re s u i t s. Of c o u rse, theyVre

not in use right now, b ut in zero gravi t y, that is being

weigh t less, an d with j us t a li tt le bi t of air press ur e trapped

inside t hem they t ake o n the form of a full fledged ma n . The

loc a tio n for stowage t ha t we agree d upon preflight, t ha t is

in t he sp a re d o c king por t , didn't work o u t very well be c a u se

of t he u nexpec t edly large bulk of t hese sui t s. S o the c rewmenha v e restowed them. One under n eath the ATM foo t res t rai n t ;

one o v er t here by t he docki n g probe, a n d t he t hi rd o n e up

here on top of o ne of t he film stowage lockers in the multip l e

do c king adap t or. They're showing u s these views so t ha t

we ma y revise o ur checklis t , c ha n ge our crew t r a i n ing proced u res,

and h a ve the Skylab III crew, wh i ch la u nches on t he 27th of J u ly,


44/140

SL-II PC59D / 2Time: 11:38 CDT

6 / 17 / 73

go up fully prepared and ready to take advantage of the

zero-g conditions that prevail up here in our unique

orbiting workshop. We're now standing,back down by the

video tape recorder that I mentioned previously and we Jump

once more down into the experiment compartment. You're

looking from the experiment compartment in the bottom of

the workshop into the commander's sleeping compartment, or

sleep stateroom. It's a very small compartment, not at

so to speak, vertically. Of course, in zero-g there's no

up, there is no down, so the commander sleeps more or less

in a sleeping bag strapped up against the wall. The only

opening to the sleeping bag is around the neck, but that

doesn't cause any problem since to get out of the sleeping

you merely slide out from the neck and float over to the doorway

as he's doing here now. The sleeping location is at personaloption. The commander's been sleeping down here as has been

the science pilot, Commander Kerwln, and the pilot, Commander

Paul Weitz, has been alternating sleeping down here with

sleeping in various other locations to evaluate their

habitability. Captain Conrad is now going to demonstrate

o u r tr a sh d i sp o s a l sys t em. It's n ot re all y a s modern ore x otic as you might t hi n k. Thi s lar ge br own c o n t a inert akes t rash tha t 's b agge d i n a white disp o sal bag. I t 's

put i n side, the lid is c l o sed w i th an ab le a ss i st f r om thescience pilot - -

END OF TAPE


45/140

-_ SL-II PC-59E / I

Time: 11:38 CDT

6 / 17 / 73

McCANDLESS - - t rash tha t 's bagged in a white disposal

bag, is put inside t he lid is closed with an able assis t

from t he Science Pilot. And t hen the sys t em is ven t ed fro m

the 5 PSI at mosphere in t he workshop t o vaecum. You'll

notice Pete watching the pressure bleed down on t he pressure

gauge in the center of t he lid. We have ano t her t ank formerly

used as a liquid oxygen s t orage t ank, when t he Sa t urn IVB wasa lunar, a lunar mission bo o s t er. This t ank has been c o n-

verted in t o a t rash holding area a t vacuum and the con ta mi-

nated was t e, t hat is those was t es which h a ve food residue

and things of this sor t of t he m, and mi g ht be biologically

ac t ive, are bagged, ven t ed in t o vaccum then by means of t his

device, which is a t rash airlock, are dumped down in t o tha t

holding t a n k and left t here for t he duration of the mission.

No t hing is damped o verboard on the Skyl a b mission. Every t hingthat goes up with the, exception of gaseous leakage, is held

down here in the oxygen tank or onboard. Af t er reclosing

t he ou t er door by t he handle which he jus t operated, Pe t e

will open the lid a nd show you Just like t he proverbi a l ma gici a n,

t ha t t he con t ainer is now indeed emp t y. The green devicet ha t you saw in the lid of the t rash airloek was a bell

c r a nk o p er a t e d p lun ger th a t se r ves to forc e t h e tras h th r o u gh

the ope n o u t er door. This is a pair of the t ria n gle shoes,

t o which I have b ee n elu d i n g during the cou r se of t his T V

prese n tat io n . The toes h a ve become s cu ffed u p i n t he c ourse

of navigati n g aroun d t he workshop. Since t he crewme n ha v e

not only used the tr i angles for estrain t , b u t also been hooki n gt heir t oes undernea t h ob j ects or in t hrough the g r i d w ork.

A simple 30 degree twis t serves t o u nlo c k t he t riangle from

t he grid work an d it is the n free, or yo u r foo t i s then free

to move abo u t wi t ho u t a n y enc u mbr a nce. On re t u r n t he t r i -

angle is pressed d own t hro u gh the gridwork, ro t a t e d to lo c k

i t in place. These dev ic es as well as t he m u shrooms, whi c h

serve a similar p u rpose altho u gh t hey don' t lock yo u in pla c e,

have bee n very useful in ai d ing the c rew men i n hol d ing posi t io n

altho u gh they've also shown an amazing ability to floa t a r o u n d

and grab hold of wh a tever p r esents i t self as a c o n ve ni e n t

handhol d . Joe Kerwin h a s ju s t c o me over a n d, ex cu se me I

t h in k that's Pe t e Conr a d h a s j us t c o me over a n d gr a b b e d hold

of t he han d les of the b ic y c le a n d is now i n the pro c ess oflocking his triangle shoes in t o t he bi cy c le pe d als. By d oing

t h is, he c a nno t on l y push ' _9_n o4 % _he_pe d a l s, b u t ca n a l sopull up on the opposi t e ped a l, whi c h helps t o hold himself

in pos i tio n on the sea t of the bicycle. Of co ur se, in zero

grav i t y, the sea t i sn' t really req u ired, b u t i t does help

t o keep him i n t he r igh t general"loca t ion. O r i g in a l prefli g h t

concep t was of a ha r ness c onsisti n g of sho u lder s t raps a n d

a waist belt t hat held you firmly down agains t t he seat. On


46/140

-- SL-II PC-59E / 2

Time: 11:38 CDT

6 / 17 / 73

t he ini t ial runs, however, t he crew repor t ed tha t this harness

t ended t o cu t -off circula t ion a t the wais t and was n o t t he

mos t appropria t e device for restrain t . They preferred t o

h a ng on the t he handlebars a nd jus t equ a lize t he forces ex-

erted pulling up and pushing down by their feet on t he

ped a ls, as C a ptain Conr a d has de mons t r at ed here. You can see

here t he a mazing mobili t y. The Russi a n dancer technique, t ha t

is available t o a crew men restrained only by t he hall of one

foo t , in th a t amazing world where t here is no up and t here

is no down and t here is no gravity.

McCANDLESS The round device you see in t he upper

right h a nd corner, is t he crew shower. It's jus t a circu-

lar shower curtain which c a n be dr a wn up a round t he outside

of you and water sprayed in. This is, I believe, t he subjec t

of a separa t e t elevision docu men ta ry, so I w o n't go in t o itany fur t her here. Pe t e's demonstrating how you finish filling

and t hen close t he lid, seal t he lid of a tr a sh hag in prep-

aration for ins t alling i t in the t rash alrlock. And ul t i - -

END OF TAPE


47/140

SL-II PC 5 9F / ITime: 11:38 CDT

6 / 17 / 7 3

McCANDLESS and enclose t he lid - seal t he ll d

of a t rash bag in prepara t ion for ins t alling i t in the t rashairloek a_d ultimately dumping it down in t o the former

liquid oxygen h o lding t ank benea t h t he workshop. It jus t

goes t o show you tha t even in space somebody h a s to t ake ou t

t he gar b a g e from t i me t o time. You can see again t he green

plunger in t he lid of the tr a sh alrlock. This plunger is

on a scissors t ype of exten t ion mech a nis m, a n d upon oper at in g

the handle on t he far side of t he airlock t he plunger's ex t ended

thereby f o r c ing the trash d o wn through the ou t er doo r o fthe airlock. The lld is closed in this case with an able

assis t from t he Science Pilo t , Commander Joe Kerwln. The

con t ainer is ven t ed to vaccum a nd Pete's in t he process of

opening t he outer door.

SPEAKER Okay, tha t 's it.

END OF TAPE


48/140

SKYLABNEWS CENTER

Houston, Texas



June 17, 1973

1 5 :42 p.m. CDT

Pa rticip a n t s :

Milt H. Windler, Flight Direc t orBob Gordon, PAO

PC 60


49/140

SL-II PC60A / ITime: 15:42 CDT

6 / 17 / 73

PAO Okay. Milt Windler.

WINDLER Okay. Well, it was a pretty quiet day.

It seemed like to me, anyway. In fact I was amazed at how

quiet it was. We had no real problems with the spacecraft.

For a while there we had a little trouble getting the SO73

retracted to the SAL, but Paul Weitz apparently was able to

fix it. However, he did that apparently by - by tapping it

gently on the side of the spacecraft when he - when he brought

it back as you probably heard. The there may be someconnection between the RCS trim maneuver and the - and the

problem with the SO73 although we really don't know that.

But otherwise basically all the equipment is going well. The

EVA plan is progressing. We added a - plan to add a little

touch of - extra touch, and that's put a piece of the sail

cloth - the JSC sall out where it can be in the Sun and - and

let it be there in the thermal environment and evaluate it

after some period of time. In addition to that, of course, we're

going to try the tapping operation on the CBRM 15 and see if we

can Jostle it Back into operation. And also plan to - to

do the dusting of the little partiele on the white light

coronagraph in addition to the normal film change. Those

procedures have just been reviewed in the Control Center

which is why I'm late, and we are in the process of up-llnking

those to the crew now. So we expect to have some comments

back probably, I would guess tomorrow from the crew, although

some may come down tonight. And that's about where we are.

The trim maneuver was - was accomplished this morning and

i t was a fairly simple opera t ion and no real big problemwi t h t ha t at all. So I'll answer any ques t ions th at youmight have, or t ry.

QUERY Do you have a t ime line for t he EVA, Tuesday?WINDLER No, I don't. We're still working on tha t .

That'll probably Be available later on tonigh t t hough, or thisaf t ernoon. I ass ume you wan t specific t imes?

QUERY Yeah.

WINDLER Ye a h.

QUERY Also, could you give a rundown on t he FlightPlan for t omorrow?

WINDLER The Flight Plan for t omorrow includes

medical runs on both the Commander and t he SPT. And o t herthan t hat, it did include a - a - using the ATM t o look a tt he dark side t he nigh t sky, bu t we did cansel t ha t fortomorrow because there was a lo t of discussion still aboutwhat was t he bes t t arget to use. And we were no t a ble tof


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6 / 17 / 73

completely evaluate it in terms of - of the momentum usage, so

we felt it was better to - to not plan that pass right yet.

And we also came up with about 30 things to go in that

little spot so I don't know what's going to go in there

ultimately, but it was a probably about a 30 or 45 minute

block of time there that we'll do something else with. I

think those are the major things, there may be others. I

don't know - remember any offhand right now.

QUERY We do have a preliminary outside?

WINDLER Which is - except for this one thing I

mentioned to you, is pretty accurate. In fact, this representsthe thing we sent to the crew.

QUERY How far does the astronaut have to go fromthe normal Sun end or the center work station on the ATM to

tap that CERM 15?

WINDLER

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