Slavery in the United States

The slave-ship Brookes

(1788)

                                                                                                 

Fig I lengthwise cross-section

Fig II breadthwise cross-section: men

Fig IIIbreadthwise cross-section:

women

Fig IV lower deck with platforms

Fig V lower deck without platforms

Fig VI half-deck with platforms

Fig VII half-deck with platforms

A lower deck

B lower deck: breath

C men's section

D platform: men's section

E boy's section

F platforms:

G women's section

H platforms: women's section

I gun room

K quarter deck

L cabin

Inside a Slave Ship

                                                                                                                                

19th Century: A diagram depicting the proper way to pack and ship slaves across the atlantic ocean

                                      

   

Massachusetts was the first colony to legalize slavery in 1641

US Population Timeline First English settlement: Roanoke, Va 1785

Jamestown in 1607 1600-1619:         est. 210

Pilgrims land at Plymouth Rock in 1620 1620-1629:        est. 2499

1,000 Puritans arrive in Massachusetts in 1630 1630-1639:        est. 5700

Within 10 years, 20,000 Puritans arrive in Massachusetts 1640-1649:     est. 27,947 1650-1659:     est. 51,700 1660-1669:     est. 84,800 1670-1679:    est. 114,500 1680-1689:    est. 155,600 1690-1699:    est. 213,500 1700-1709:    est. 275,000 1710-1719:    est. 357,500 1720-1729:    est. 474,388 1730-1739:    est. 654,950 1740-1749:    est. 889,000 1750-1759:  est. 1,207,000 1760-1769:  est. 1,610,000

                                       

                

1655 The First Slave Auction at New Amsterdam

Slave Sale Ad

                                                                                                                                                 

1861: The selling of slaves at U.S. auctions was a profitable business venture for individuals looking to make a large profit on a minimal investment.

Charleston Slave Market

                                                                                                                                          1857: A slave owner brands his slaves in order to help him "keep track of merchandise."

Punishments for slaves

Slave Codes• Slave codes were laws meant

to control slaves.

• These codes forbid slaves from learning to read, owning firearms, or marrying a white person.

• The penalty a slave faced for learning to read was having a thumb cut off!

• These laws also made the children born to slaves automatically slaves for life (generational slavery).

                                                                                            

                                

1823 Sugar slavery in Latin America

                                       

                                   

A cotton plantation on the Mississippi River

Anti-Slavery

Lundy formed the first anti-slaverysociety in 1815

Human Rights and the Rights of Slaves

Summary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)

Everyone has the right to:Be born free and should be treated in the

same wayBe treated as equals, despite differences in

language, sex, colour etc.Life and to live in freedom and safetyBe recognized by the lawBe treated equally before the lawAsk for help when their rights are not respectedA fair trialTo be presumed innocent until proven guiltyPrivacyTravel within and to and from their own countryAsylumA nationalityMarryOwn property and thingsFreedom of thought, conscience and religionFreedom of opinion and expression

Meet with others

Take part in government and to vote

Social security

Work and join a trade union

Rest and leisure

An adequate standard of living and medical help

Education

Take part in their community’s cultural life

Everyone is entitled to a social and international order that is necessary for these rights

Everyone has the right not to:

Be held in slavery

Be hurt or tortured

Be imprisoned unjustly

Everyone:

Must respect the rights of others

No-one can take away any of the rights in this declaration

The rights of slaves 1764

Slaves are property and can be sold

Masters can do as they like with their slaves

Masters must destroy slave culture

Slaves are given new names

Slaves can be killed

Slaves cannot marry

Slaves cannot be educated

Slaves must be locked up at night

Slaves must wear a ball and chain

Slaves cannot become Christians

Slaves cannot possess property/sell anything

All blacks are slaves

Slaves’ children are the property of the master

Modern Slavery

• forced to work -- through mental or physical threat;

• owned or controlled by an 'employer', usually through mental or physical abuse or threatened abuse;

• dehumanized, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as 'property';

• physically constrained or has restrictions placed on his/her freedom of movement.

                      

My first boss bought me and beat me - Kadum, 18Cambodia 

Dieusibon Delice ran away from the abuses he faced as a child domestic worker and is now living in a shelter in Haiti

                     

Many migrant workers are trafficked into the United States and are forced to harvest crops on farms in Florida

                      

Jiera (19, Lithuanian) was a victim of human trafficking. "My life has been ruined... They trafficked me into prostitution when I was 17." What Jiera thought was going to be a holiday in London became a nightmare before she escaped with the help of a Lithuanian punter.

                     

Whole families are in bonded labour. Kailash Bhika, 28, with his wife, Rambeti, 24, daughter

Ratma, 4 and son Kalv (18 mo)

                     

Boy bonded labourer Pakistan (Sindh Province)

http://slaveryfootprint.org