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Thomas M. Slawski, PhD, Principal Planner

Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commissiontslawski@sewrpc.org

Practical Guidance on StreamCrossings to Protect Habitat & Meet

Multiple Objectives

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What’s the problem?

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Aadland 2010, Reconnecting Rivers: Natural Channel Design in Dam Removal and Fish Passage

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Question: Are road crossings a barrier to aquatic organisms?

Answer: Yes, they can be.

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Question: Are road crossings a barrier to aquatic organisms?

Answer: Yes, they can be.

Warren and Pardew ,1998. Road Crossings as Barriers to Small-Stream FishMovement Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 127:637–644

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What is the consequence of a barrier(s)?

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What is the consequence of a barrier(s)?

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What is the consequence of a barrier(s)?

Low-head dams?

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What is the consequence of a barrier(s)?

Santucci et al 2005, Effects of Multiple Low-Head Dams on Fish, Macroinvertebrates, Habitat, and Water Qualityin the Fox River, Illinois, North American Journal of Fisheries Management 25:975–992

Low-head dams?

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Answer: Fish species fragmentation and localized extinction.

Santucci et al 2005, Effects of Multiple Low-Head Dams on Fish, Macroinvertebrates, Habitat, and Water Qualityin the Fox River, Illinois, North American Journal of Fisheries Management 25:975–992

A Th ti ff t f lti l d b

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Slawski et al 2008, Effects of Tributary Spatial Position, Urbanization, and Multiple Low-Head Dams onWarmwater Fish Community Structure in a Midwestern StreamNorth American Journal of FisheriesManagement 28:1020–1035

Answer: The negative effects of multiple dams can becumulative.

   F   i  s   h

   S  p  e  c   i  e  s

   D   i  v  e  r  s   i   t  y

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Question: Does a culvert function like a low-head dam?

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Question: Does a culvert function like a low-head dam?

Wh i h f b i ( )?

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Fisheries and Wildlife Enhancement

What is the consequence of a barrier(s)?

Wh t i th f b i ( )?

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Along with roads comes associated urbandevelopment, encroachment into the buffer, and

fragmentation

What is the consequence of a barrier(s)?

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Angermeier et al. 2004, A Conceptual Framework for Assessing Impacts of Roadson Aquatic Biota, Fisheries, Volume 29, No. 12

Table 1. Key topics needing additional scientific study relevant toassessments of road impacts on individuals, populations, and

communities of aquatic biota.

Wh t d k ?

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What do we know?

SEWRPC 2010. Managing the Water’s Edge Making Natural ConnectionsSee http://www.sewrpc.org/SEWRPC/Environment.htm

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Riparian buffers make sense and are profitable monetarily

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Riparian buffers make sense and are profitable monetarily,recreationally, and aesthetically!

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See http://www.sewrpc.org/SEWRPC/Environment.htm

What are we to do about it?

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What are we to do about it?

What are we to do about it?

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What are we to do about it?

• Recognize that there is the potential problemfor aquatic organism passage at a crossing

• Aquatic organism passage assessments needto be made at watershed & subwatershedscales/priorities & goals need to be developed\ 

• Easy to use design aid tools need to bedeveloped (e.g. nutrient reduction & buffer

width)

• Partnerships and monies and constructionteams need to be developed for

implementation

Answer: Yes such barriers can be mitigated

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Answer: Yes, such barriers can be mitigated

WisDOT I 94 & CTH G Roadway Improvement Project

Pre-construction 2007 Post-construction 2010