Sleep Journal

You will record your sleep patterns over the next week.Starting tonight – write down:• Activities before bed• Computer/video game use before bed• Caffeinated Drinks per day• Time go to bed• Time fell asleep• Time woke up• Any night time awakenings.• How did you feel the next day.

Sleep Day – Thursday December 5th

• You can wear pajama bottoms/sweats – appropriate please.

• Bring: pillow, blanket, yoga mat, sleeping bag, stuffed animal….you can drop it off here in the morning and pick up later if you like.

• iPod with headphones is okay – just play it low so you don’t bother anyone trying to sleep

• If you can’t sleep – please remain silent to allow others to sleep.

States of Consciousness

Levels of ConsciousnessSleep and Dreaming

Sleep Disorders

What is the difference between Conscious, Unconscious and Subconscious?

What is the difference between Conscious, Unconscious and Subconscious?

• Many states of consciousness

• Daydreaming, dozing, deep sleep, awareness – all different aspects of consciousness

• Unconscious – physically unable to awaken

• Subconscious – inner thoughts and feelings you are not totally aware of

What is Unconsciousness?

• Physical loss of responsiveness to the environment

• Causes: disease, trauma, anesthesia• Consciousness can be altered by: sleep,

hypnosis, medication, meditation and injury

• Physical loss of responsiveness to the environment

• Causes: disease, trauma, anesthesia• Consciousness can be altered by: sleep,

hypnosis, medication, meditation and injury

Don’t write – What is a Coma?

• A Coma is a profound state of unconsciousness.• A comatose person cannot be awakened, fails to respond normally to pain, light or sound, does not have sleep/wake cycles and does not initiate voluntary actions. (More than 6 days).•The underlying cause of coma is bilateral damage to the Reticular Activating System in the midbrain which is important in regulating sleep

•Coma can result from: stroke, trauma, intoxication, hypoxia or induced as a form of preserving higher brain

function during healing process

Glasgow Coma ScaleGenerally, brain injury is classified as:Severe, with GCS less than 8Moderate, GCS 9 - 12Minor, GCS greater than 13.

What is Sleep?

• Your body’s own circadian rhythm – biological clock• You don’t have to do anything to allow your normal

sleep pattern to emerge…..it’s called a free running cycle

• When your parents brought you home from the hospital and trained you to sleep at night…that is called entrainment

• When you have sleep deprivation – you will make up for it by sleeping more in REM sleep days later. This is called REM Rebound.

Many states of consciousness•Unconscious – •physically unable to awaken•Subconscious – •inner thoughts and feelings you are not totally aware of•A comatose person •cannot be awakened, fails to respond normally to pain, light or sound

• The severity of a coma is measured by the• Glasgow Coma Scale. • Circadian rhythms are• Your natural biological clock• Entrainment is• Training your body when to sleep• When you don’t get enough sleep it’s called• Sleep Deprivation• Making up for lost sleep time by sleeping

more for a few days is:• REM Rebound

What exactly happens during sleep?You cycle through various stages when you are sleeping.

Types of Sleep: Non REM

• NREM is the first type of sleep you enter when you first nod off.

• Most of our time asleep is spent here, making up for 75% of an adults sleep.

• NREM is split into 4 stages, with each stage taking you deeper and deeper into sleep.

First 4 Sleep Stages – NREM (Non Rem)

Twilight Sleep: sensation of falling, peaceful, hazy, Melatonin triggered

Fail to immediately respond to outside stimuli

Stage 1: Sudden twitches and hypnic jerks (myoclonus reactions) Lose most conscious awareness of the external environment.

Stage 2: sleep spindles (bursts), lose all awareness of environment

Stage 3: Slow wave sleep – sleep walking, bedwetting can be issues

Stage 4: Heart beat drops, BP low, H.G.H secreted REM BEGINS

• You begin REM Sleep (Rapid Eye Movement)• Every 90 minutes after falling asleep your eyes

jerk back and forth in various directions• Your limbs become paralyzed• B.P., heart rate increases

What happens after stages 1-4?

Through the night you cycle through stages with REM increasing in length –then decreasing towards awakening.

REM SLEEP

• REM sleep in adult humans typically occupies 20–25% of total sleep about 90–120 minutes of a night's sleep.

• During a normal night of sleep, humans usually experience about four or five periods of REM sleep; they are quite short at the beginning of the night and longer toward the end.

• Many animals and some people tend to wake, or experience a period of very light sleep, for a short time immediately after a bout of REM.

• The relative amount of REM sleep varies considerably with age, lessening with age.

• A newborn baby spends more than 80% of total sleep time in REM

• During REM, the activity of the brain is quite similar to that during waking hours; for this reason, the REM-sleep stage may be called paradoxical sleep

• Vividly recalled dreams mostly occur during REM sleep

How does our body know when to sleep?How does our body know when to sleep?

Sleep time seems to decrease from about 16 to 18 hours for a newborn to 7 or 8 for an adult

What is Sleep Deprivation

.

What have we learned?• What controls your sleep cycles?• Reticular Activating System• What controls your temperature?• Hypothalmus• What is your free running cycle called?• Circadian Rhythm• How many stages is Non REM sleep?• 4, (5 with twilight sleep)• What is REM?• Rapid Eye Movement Sleep

• How often do you fall into REM Sleep?• Every 90 minutes after falling asleep• What happens during REM Sleep• your eyes jerk back and forth in various

directions and your limbs become paralyzed• B.P., heart rate increases

• Have you ever walked in your sleep? How old were you?

• Do you know someone who talks in their sleep? How long after they fall asleep do they usually do this?

• Do you know someone who snores?

What are some Sleep DisordersWhat are some Sleep Disorders

• Sleep disorders are called parasomnias

• Insomnia: inability to fall/maintain sleep

• Narcolepsy : a sleep disorder that causes excessive sleepiness and frequent daytime sleep attacks

• Cataplexy: rare sleep disorder that causes immediate REM sleep when excited or emotional

• Restless Leg Syndrome is a disorder in which there is an urge or need to move the legs to stop unpleasant sensation

• Sleep disorders are called parasomnias

• Insomnia: inability to fall/maintain sleep

• Narcolepsy : a sleep disorder that causes excessive sleepiness and frequent daytime sleep attacks

• Cataplexy: rare sleep disorder that causes immediate REM sleep when excited or emotional

• Restless Leg Syndrome is a disorder in which there is an urge or need to move the legs to stop unpleasant sensation

• Sleep apnea is a condition in which a person has episodes of blocked breathing during sleep

• Sleep apnea is a condition in which a person has episodes of blocked breathing during sleep

Sleep Talking and Walking

• Sleep talking is called somniloquy

• Sleep talking usually occurs in NREM stage 2

• Often about 10 to 20 minutes after falling asleep

• Can also occur with some prescription medication and/or high fever

• Sleep walking is called somnambulism

• (Som – sleep, ambulate – move)

• Often occurs 30 minutes into sleep – at NREM stage 3

• Can also occur due to fever or prescription medication

• Pattern towards genetic…always be aware of latching doors if you have a child.

Living with Cataplexy

REM Behavior Disorder

Overview

What is your most memorable dream?

DO NOW

Sleep and Dreaming

• The theory of why we dream is a Construct.• A Constructs is to create something in mind:

such as a theory as a result of systematic thought

Night Terrors

When do you have nightmares?

• Occur during REM Sleep – most dreams occur during this phase

• Dreams remembered from other stages are less emotional and sensible

• Lucid Dreaming: training to be aware of and direct one’s dreams to help cure people of nightmares.

• Incubus: Night Terrors – wake during REM – happens to young children often after disruption of sleep cycle, (holidays, guests, vacations, etc.)

• Occur during REM Sleep – most dreams occur during this phase

• Dreams remembered from other stages are less emotional and sensible

• Lucid Dreaming: training to be aware of and direct one’s dreams to help cure people of nightmares.

• Incubus: Night Terrors – wake during REM – happens to young children often after disruption of sleep cycle, (holidays, guests, vacations, etc.)

What do dreams mean?Two (2) popular theories

• Freud: “Royal road to the unconscious”

• “Manifest Content” – remembered parts

• “Latent Content” - underlying meaning

• McCarley and Hobson: Activation Synthesis Theory: during dreams the pons generates bursts of action potentials to the brain

• Freud: “Royal road to the unconscious”

• “Manifest Content” – remembered parts

• “Latent Content” - underlying meaning

• McCarley and Hobson: Activation Synthesis Theory: during dreams the pons generates bursts of action potentials to the brain

• You try to create a story line out of it (synthesize)

• Origins of dreams are either psychological or physiological depending on what theory you follow

• Most of your dreams happen between 4 and 7 am.

• You try to create a story line out of it (synthesize)

• Origins of dreams are either psychological or physiological depending on what theory you follow

• Most of your dreams happen between 4 and 7 am.

What did we learn?

• A construct is• A theory that explains something intangible• Most dream occur during…..• REM sleep• Night terrors can occur in children due to:• Disruption of sleep patterns• What does Freud think your dreams are about?• repressed desires, • What would a biologist think your dreams are caused

by?• spindle bursts in brain, reorganization of thoughts