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May 28| Slide 1

Virtualization: What does it mean and how can I use it!

Clark Roberts

David Gerstenecker

Chris Clausen

John Arends

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May 28| Slide 2

Virtualization

• Virtualization is a logical process– Many processes can be virtualized

1. PC Virtualization – running multiple logical virtual machines on one piece of hardware

2. Desktop Virtualization – providing the end user the entire desktop experience from a central server

3. Server Virtualization – running multiple logical virtual machines on one physical server

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May 28| Slide 3

Virtualizing a PC using Virtual PC 2007(SP1)• New features

– Vista support (guest and host)

– 64bit support

– Hardware assisted virtualization (support of VT technology)

– Run virtual machines on multiple monitors

• Benefits– Great Beta environment

– Easy to run multiple versions of Windows

• Disadvantages– No real Linux support

– “slow” without VT hardware present

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May 28| Slide 4

Have your cake and eat it too…

PC virtualization

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May 28| Slide 5

why?

– Run Outlook on Mac or Linux– Play with ___ OS without dedicated hardware– Evaluate software without leaving footprint– Support Vista without giving up XP– Use x64 host without giving up x32 only apps– Many other reasons that don’t fit on this slide

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May 28| Slide 6

dgersten’s virtual world

• Virtual Machines:– Primary: WinXP, 2

CPUs, 2 GB– Previous: WinXP, 1

CPU, 1 GB– Testing: Vista, 1

CPU, 2 GB

• (Exchange testing)– CAS: Win2003, 1

CPU, 512 MB– Mailbox: Win2003,

1 CPU, 512 MB

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May 28| Slide 7

options for intel mac

– VMware Fusion ($37.50 @ WebStore)– Parallels Desktop ($40 @ WebStore)– Others (audience participation)

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May 28| Slide 8

– VMware Server (free) (version 1 is viable desktop product)

– VMware workstation ($96.99 at programmersparadise.com)

– Parallels Workstation ($49.99 at parallels.com)– Others (audience participation)

options for windows & linux

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May 28| Slide 9

evaluation criteria

– Multiple snapshots– Multiple monitor support– Multiple virtual network support– Interface to guest VM (app vs. Web)– Interface to guest apps (Unity/Coherence)– Interoperability with other programs

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May 28| Slide 10

gotchas

• IP address usage

• SID duplication on copy

• Licensing guest OS

• Performance “hit”

• Getting lost

• Out of date on updates for turned off/suspended machines

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May 28| Slide 11

useful tools

• Fusion scripts to manage virtual networks:– Tokamak (by DaveP on

communities.vmware.com)

• Microsoft’s Sysinternals’ NewSID utility

• VMware’s DiskMount utility (Win & Linux)

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May 28| Slide 12

fine print

The previous segment of this presentation was developed in PowerPoint via Fusion’s Unity mode on a MacPro.

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May 28| Slide 13

Desktop Virtualization

Christopher D. Clausen

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May 28| Slide 14

Desktop Virtualization

• Remote session based

• Microsoft Terminal Services - https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/cclausen/www/TS/

• VNC or (Free)NX for UNIX, Linux, Mac OS

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May 28| Slide 15

clients

• Mstsc – Remote Desktop connection client

• VNC, (Free)NX

• Diskless workstation – PXES.org

• Thin Client dedicated hardware

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May 28| Slide 16

Server Virtualization

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May 28| Slide 17

What is server virtualization?

• A physical server is divided into a number of virtual servers with each running its own operating system

• Each virtual machine has its own virtual processor, memory, storage, networking, etc

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May 28| Slide 18

Pros

• Fewer physical servers which means– Less datacenter space is needed– Less power (and fewer electrical outlets,

power strips, UPSes, etc) (Think Green)– Fewer KVM heads, etc

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May 28| Slide 19

Cons

• Watch for ‘server sprawl’

• You still have to patch every VM

• Adds complexity

• “All your eggs in one basket”

• Cost

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May 28| Slide 20

ACES ITCS implementation

• Started with the free VMware Server product on Linux and Windows hosts

• Used mostly for testing, and for some new low volume services

• Performance was good

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May 28| Slide 21

VMware Server

• Patching the hosts was a problem because a host reboot meant many virtual servers went down

• VMware server 1.0 has some security issues with hosts on the AD and remote console (Addressed in 2.0 beta)

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May 28| Slide 22

VMware Virtual Infrastructure

• Decided to move to the next level

• More complex and substantial cost

• Includes important features such as Vmotion

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May 28| Slide 23

Virtual Infrastructure

• 4 hosts total, 2 in each building– 16 gigs of RAM– Dual, dual core processes

• Hosts run VMware ESX Server as a dedicated OS

• VirtualCenter for management

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May 28| Slide 24

VirtualCenter

• VirtualCenter runs on a Windows machine

• Integrates with AD

• You connect using the VI client on Windows 32 bit

• No client for Linux or Mac OS X

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May 28| Slide 25

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May 28| Slide 26

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May 28| Slide 27

Vmotion

• Probably the greatest thing so far

• Seamlessly move a VM between two ESX hosts with *no* downtime

• Requires the 2 hosts be on the same SAN

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May 28| Slide 28

Results so far

• We have 14 machines virtualized between the 4 hosts and very few resources are being used

• We plan to virtualize many more machines over the next year

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May 28| Slide 29

Important things we learned

• Check the VMware HCL carefully

• Need a lot of NICs – we did 6 per server

• Some instability with older Linux kernels in VMs but easily resolved with updates

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May 28| Slide 30

Server Virtualization with Hyper-V

• Microsoft’s competitor to VMware ESX and Xen Hypervisor• Features (Windows Server 2008 64 bit only)

– 16 virtual CPU’s per VM– 64 GB Ram per VM (2TB per host)– 8 virtual network connections– 16 node clustering (high availability)– VSS support (volume shadow service) for live backup

• Not support by present version of System Center Virtual Machine Manager• MSDN and TechNet are running on Hyper-V RC0 today

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May 28| Slide 31

Questions???