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RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio
Amelia Jiménez Sánchez
.
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 2
Needs Answers
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 3
Logistics
Th
e
Internet of Th
ing
s
Entertainment
Retail
Healthcare
Asset management
…
…
Pictures taken from https://www.flickr.com/ Pictures from their websites
RFID-MIMO Prototypebased on GnuRadio
• Theoretical Fundamentals• Goal• SWOT• Implementation• Results • Conclusions
Theoretical Fundamentals
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 5
EPC Gen 2 Standard
Pictures taken from the mentioned Standard
Theoretical Fundamentals
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 9
EPC Query Process
Reader Tag
QUERY
RN16
ACK
PC EPC CRC-16
QREP
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
PR
PT
FS
PT
FS
PR: Preamble of Reader
PT: Preamble of Tag
FS: Frame-Sync
RN16: 16-Bit Random Number
Diversity combining techniques:
Selection Combining (SC)
Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC)
Equal Gain Combining (EGC)
𝑠𝐶 =
𝑖=1
𝑁𝑟
𝑠𝑅𝑋,𝑖 − 𝑆𝑎,𝑖 ℎ𝑖∗/𝜎𝑖2
Goal
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 10
This thesis discusses the possibility of setting up a prototyping MIMO RFID testbed based on USRP devices and GNU radio implementation for UHF RFID systems.
The performance improvements will be compared to existing commercial and USRP single antenna solutions.
Threats OpportunitiesRFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 11
• My lack of experience• Limited: time, access to
the laboratory• Start-up
• My interest in the topic• Erasmus scolarship• Guidance of my tutor• Selection of GnuRadio• MIMO prototype
Weaknesses Strengths
• Speed on technologicaladvances
• Competitiveness• Cut in research• Legislation behind technology• Control, surveillance
• GnuRadio: free & open-source• The Comprehensive GNU Radio
Archive Network, Internet• High demand from business and
institutions. • Several fields of application
Implementation
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 12
USRP to_mag MF Reader CR Tag sinkA
to_mag: complex-to-magnitudeMF: Matched FilterA: Amplifier
Reader: Reader-Monitor-cmd-gateCR: Clock RecoveryTag: Tag-Monitor
Gen2 RFID Listener from CGRAN
Two phases:1. Working with a single antenna2. Implement a Diversity Combining Technique (DCT)
Set up the laptop: Ubuntu, UHD, GnuRadio
Implementation (1)
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 13
Command DR M TRext Sel Session Target Q CRC
# of bits 4 1 2 1 2 2 1 4 5
description 1000 0: DR=8
1: DR=64/3
00: M=1
01: M=2
10: M=4
11: M=8
0: No pilot
tone
1: Use pilot
tone
00: All
01: All
10: ~SL
11:SL
00: S0
01: S1
10: S2
11: S3
0: A
1: B
0-15 CRC-5
Setting important parameters: BLF, DR, Miller (M), RTcal, TRcal
𝑅𝑇𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 0𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ + 1𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 40 + 80 = 120
1.1 𝑅𝑇𝑐𝑎𝑙 ≤ 𝑇𝑅𝑐𝑎𝑙 ≤ 3 𝑅𝑇𝑐𝑎𝑙
132 ≤ 𝑇𝑅𝑐𝑎𝑙 ≤ 360𝐵𝐿𝐹 =
𝐷𝑅
𝑇𝑅𝑐𝑎𝑙= 320 𝑘𝐻𝑧
Implementation (1)
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 14
tag_log.out empty
RN16? -> d_rn16
1. Picture taken from Google
1
2
2. Picture taken from EPC-RFID INFO
Implementation (2)
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 15
USRP to_mag
MF Reader CR Tag sinkA
USRP to_mag
SC
Rx
Rx2
to_mag MF A Reader CR Tag sink
MRC
to_mag MF A Reader CR Tag sink
Rx
Rx2
Reader -> tag
Preamble found
𝑠𝐶
𝑠𝐶
Selection Combining
Maximal Ratio Combining
USRP
USRP
Results
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 16
Results: Performance achieved for the RFID Listener
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 17
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
%
Distance (cm)
Rx2
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
%
Distance (cm)
SC
L - SR
CRC Error Ratio
CRC Miss Ratio
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
%
Distance (cm)
Listener-Success Ratio
Rx
Rx2
SC
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
%
Distance (cm)
Rx
Conclusions
Idea
▪ Slow hunch: incubation
▪ Space: laboratory
▪ Environment
Achievements:
▪ Adapt the project from CGRAN
▪ Design and create a new block using a tool of GnuRadio
▪ Implement a DCT: SCPropose a possibleimplementation for MRC
Keep working on this project
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 18
Pictures taken from https://www.flickr.com/
I appreciate you listening
Thank you
and feel free to ask
RFID-MIMO Prototype based on GnuRadio Amelia Jiménez Sánchez 19