REGEIF MOHAMEDALI

S8-MECHANICAL

ROLL NO: AXALEME040

GUIDE: ASST.PROF. ABILASH K.P

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGAXIS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

AMBANOLY

SEMINAR TOPIC ON

AIRBAG SYSTEM

OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC

Introduction

Why was it needed

Basics of airbag

Development

Main parts

Chimestry of AB

Sensor types

Inflator assembly

Modern types of Airbags

Future of Airbags

Conclusion

INTRODUCTION

For years, the trusty seat belt provided the sole form of

passive restraint in our cars.

There were debated about their safety, especially relating to

children.

It is known with high confidence that when a crash occurs,

the presence of airbag reduces fatality risk to drivers.

Air Bags have been under development for many years.

Why was it needed?

•To keep those who are driving safer

BASICS OF AIR BAGS

Newton’s second law of motion :

If objects aren’t restrained, they will continue

moving at the speed of the moving car even if the car is

stopped by collision.

All airbags need to do is to slow down passenger’s

speed.

DEVELOPMENT OF AIR

BAGS

First patent on an inflatable crash-landing device for airplanes was

filed during World War II.

In the 1980’s the first commercial air bags appeared in

automobiles.

Ever since 1988, it became a binding.

Efforts to adapt the airbag was stranded due to prohibitive prices

and technical hurdles.

MAIN PARTS OF AIR BAG

Bag

Sensor

Inflation System

BAG

Made of a thin, nylon fabric, which is folded into the steering

wheel or dashboard or, the seat or door.

The powdery substance released (regular cornstarch or

talcum powder ) is used to keep the bags lubricated while

they’re in storage.

SENSOR

The sensor is the device that tells the bag to inflate.

It works with the control module to discriminate

between crash and non-crash events.

CHEMISTERY OF AIRBAG

Reaction 1: 2NaN3 2Na + 3N2

Reaction 2: 10Na + 2KNO3 K2O + 5Na2O + N2

Reaction 3: K2O + Na2O + SiO2 Na2K2SiO4

(alkaline silicate glass)

Hot Blasts of the nitrogen inflate the air bag from its storage site

up to 322Kmph.

CONSTRUCTION OF AIR BAGS

Airbag are assemblies consisting

of the airbag (made of Nylon), inflator modules

and sensor housing, electrical connectors (Clock

spring), airbag retainer and the cover.

BALL AND MAGNET TYPE

SENSOR

SPRING AND ROLLER

TYPE

SENSOR TYPES

INFLATOR ASSEMBLY

Control module activates the airbag assembly - an

electric current is sent to the detonator - ignition the

SODIUM AZIDE PALLETS –

evolves nitrogen gas.

AirBags are designed to inflate in frontal impacts in which the

car strikes about 16 Kilometers per hour .

After collision , sensors sends an electric current to igniter

system.

The electric current heats a filament (wire), which ignites a

capsule which in turn ignites the gas-generating pallets.

The gas expands quickly and inflation of airbags thereby takes

place, which breaks through a plastic cover in the steering wheel

The whole process takes about 0.1 second

WORKING OF AIRBAGS

MODERN AIRBAGS

Curtain Air Bags

Head Throax Bag

Inflatable Tubular Structure (ITS)

MODERN TYPES OF AIR BAGS

CURTAIN AIRBAG

CURTAIN AIRBAGS

Developed by &

Inflate in front of windows to provide passengers better

head and neck protection.

More efficient at tipping and side impacts .

Reduce HIC by 80% .

HEAD THROAX BAG

HEAD THROAX BAG

Developed by &

High protection to head .

INFLATABLE TUBULAR STRUCTURE (ITS)

INFLATABLE TUBULAR

STRUCTURE (ITS)

Developed by

The world’s first airbag for head protection .

FUTURE OF AIR BAGS

SMART SYSTEMS

Weight Sensors:

determine what type of occupant is in the seat, i.e. adult or child.

Infrared Occupant detection:

To detect the distance the passenger is from the airbag .

Capacitive Reflective Occupant Sensing:

Identify the distance passengers from the dashboard.

To discriminate between a human occupant and inanimate objects

AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT

Airbag inflation .

Depicts your contact with the airbag .

Coming to rest in the seat and the

deflation of the airbag .

All takes place in about 30

milliseconds .

DISARMING THE AIR BAGS

Disconnect the battery

Wait 30 seconds.

Remove the airbag fuse.

Drop the sound insulator panel.

Disconnect the circuits .

Thus the bag is disarmed.

Keep the bag below 130 degree Celsius .

BENEFITS

•Airbags save lives.

•They also reduce injuries.

•By providing a carefully controlled gradient of deceleration, the

human body comes through the crash relatively unharmed.

It is possible to be injured by an airbag. Usually this is

caused by the passenger hitting the airbag early. For full

protection, it is important that nobody sit with his face

directly in line with an expanding airbag. The National

Highway Traffic Safety Administration recommends that

passengers set at least 18 inches from an airbag.

CONCLUSION

Air bags are of greater importance in today’s vehicles

since safety of human life is of prior importance.

So far safe riding and for saving the precious life the

safety bags must be implemented.

Let’s hope every automobile manufacturer implement the

same.

REFERANCE

[1] Panchal. M, Dayaramani. A ,Project done by DKTE students,2004, online

launched on, http://www.textilepapers.tripod.com , vol 3.

[2] Goltner .W , Fabric for airbag US5236775 A patent published in Aug

17,Gogle patent , 1993,vol 1

[3] Khan. M. S, project done by DKTE students,Textile 2001 learner– Air-bag

for automobiles, http://www.textilelearner.blogspot.com , vol 1

[4] Dupont , Sun. J, Barnes J. A, Airbag End-Use Technology,1999, Marerial

selection for Air-bags , vol 7