Small pelagics in the Gulf of Lion

• Protocol of acoustic survey is the same since 1993 and follows Medias one

• Pelagic species assessed are :– Anchovy and sardine in first priority

– Other one’s if present in the area

• Total small pelagic species biomass fluctuates a lot between 1993 and 2007 with the highest level in 2005 with more than 472000 tons

GFCM - SCSA - Izmir 22-26 September 2008

Pelmed03 - July

Pelmed04 - July

Pelmed05 - July

Pelmed06 - July

Pelmed07 - July-August

Pelmed08 - July

PELMED - Evolution of mean déviations in sA

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

19931994

19951996

19971998

19992000

20012002

20032004

20052006

2007

Years

me

an

sA

(m

²/N

M²)

D1sA

D2sA

D3sA

D4sA

D5sA

D6sA

D7sA

DTotsA

PELMED surveys - Yearly evolution of sea surface temperature

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

PM93

PM94

PM95

PM96

PM97

PM98

PM99

PM00

PM01

PM02

PM03

PM04

PM05

PM06

PM07

Surveys

SS

T° Mean

Maximum

Minimum

Anchois

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

AnnéesB

iom

asse

(t)

Biomasse

Bio - Ec

Bio + Ec

Sardine

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Années

Bio

mas

se (

t)

Biomasse

Bio - Ec

Bio + Ec

Sprat

010002000300040005000600070008000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Années

Bio

mas

se (

t)

Biomasse

Bio - Ec

Bio + Ec

Sardinelle

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Années

Bio

mas

se (

t)

Biomasse

Bio - Ec

Bio + Ec

Chinchard méditerranéen

0100020003000400050006000700080009000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Années

Bio

mas

se (

t)

Biomasse

Bio - Ec

Bio + Ec

Maquereau français

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Années

Bio

mas

se (

t)

Biomasse

Bio - Ec

Bio + Ec

Maquereau espagnol

010002000300040005000600070008000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Années

Bio

mas

se (

t)

Biomasse

Bio - Ec

Bio + Ec

0100020003000400050006000700080009000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Années

Bio

mas

se (

t)

Biomasse

Bio - Ec

Bio + Ec

Chinchard commun

PELMED suveysTotal biomass of small pélagics in the gulf of Lion

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

450000

500000

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Years

Bio

mas

s (M

T)

Total

Inshore

Offshore

Nb. of individuals by species and totalin the gulf of Lion

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000

14000000

16000000

1993 1995 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Years

Nb

. o

f in

div

idu

als

(x 1

000)

Total SARD PIL

Total ENGR ENC

Total SPRA SPR

Total SARI AUR

Total TRAC MED

Total SCOM SCO

Total SCOM PNE

Total TRAC TRP

Total TRAC TRG

Total TOTAL

Stock assessment of small pelagics in the Gulf of Lion

• Estimated biomass for 2007– Anchovy : 18500 tons

– Sardine : 56300 tons

– After a downward trend for anchovy since 2001 peak, relative stabilization from 2005 to 2007 at a low level

– After an upward trend of sardina from the 2003 to 2005, return at a mean level in 2006 and 2007

Biomass and landings of anchovyin the gulf of Lion

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Years

Bio

mas

s an

d l

and

ing

s(M

T)

Biomass

Biom - Sd

Biom + Sd

Landings

Inshore anchovy biomass

In the gulf of Lion

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

Years

Bio

ma

ss (

MT

)

Biomass

Bio - Sd

Bio + Sd

Offshore anchovy biomass

In the gulf of Lion

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07Years

Bio

ma

ss (

MT

) Biomass

Bio - Sd

Bio + Sd

Length structure of anchovy in the gulf of Lion during Pelmed surveys 2004 - 2007

PELMED04

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5Length (cm)

Nb

*10

00

PELMED05

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5Length (cm)

Nb

*10

00

PELMED06

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5Length (cm)

Nb

*10

00

PELMED07

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5Length (cm)

Nb

*100

0

Biomass and landings of sardinein the gulf of Lion

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Years

Bio

mas

s an

d l

and

ing

s(M

T)

Biomass

Biom - Sd

Biom + Sd

Landings

Pelmed05 - July

Inshore sardine biomassin the gulf of Lion

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Years

Bio

mass (

MT

) Biomass

Biom - Sd

Biom + Sd

Offshore sardine biomassin the gulf of Lion

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Years

Bio

mass (

MT

)

Biomass

Biom - Sd

Biom + Sd

Midwater sardine biomassin the gulf of Lion

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Years

Bio

mass (

MT

)

Biomass

Biom - Sd

Biom + Sd

ANCHOVY - PELMED surveysMean weight evolution

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Years

Mea

n w

eig

ht

(g)

TotalInshoreOffshore

SARDINE - PELMED surveysMean weight evolution

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Years

Mea

n w

eig

ht

(g)

Total

Inshore

Offshore

MACKEREL - PELMED surveysMean weight evolution

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Years

Mea

n w

eig

ht

(g)

Total

InshoreOffshore

Alternative approach for calculation of pelagic biomass

Doing the survey Protocol is the same :Do transects,

Collect the energy by ESDU,Correct the bottom,

Do identification trawls, length frequency, length-weight relationshipClassify fish energy,

Draw homogeneous zones

Processingassessment

By homogeneous zonesIn each zone and by classified energy :

Calculate the mean energy,Choose trawls to calculate the proportion of each

species in this zoneCalculate a biomass or nb. of individuals for theentire zone taking into account TS of the species,

mean length, length-weight relationship and area ofeach zone

By ESDUFor each ESDU :

Attribute a reference haul which is representative ofthe structure encountered in the ESDU

Calculate a biomass or nb. of individuals for theESDU

Result Biomass and nb. of fish in a zone Biomass and nb. of fish by ESDU

Advantage Assessment with standard errorAt this level, not a lot of expert advice

Mapping of resources

Disadvantage No mapping of resources Global assessment without standard errorNecessity of an expert advice for attribution of

hauls

Pelmed06 - Anchovy biomass/ESDU

Pelmed07 - Anchovy biomass/ESDU

Small sardine (<13cm) : total zone

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

years

bio

mas

s (M

T)

6

6.2

6.4

6.6

6.8

7

7.2

7.4

7.6

7.8

8

mea

n w

eig

ht

ind

ex (

g)

Eval. by ESDU

Eval. by zone

Mean weight index(g)

Big sardine (>=13cm): total zone

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

years

bio

mas

s (M

T)

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

mea

n w

eig

ht

ind

ex (

g)

Eval. by ESDU

Eval. by zone

Mean weight index(g)

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Years

bio

mas

s (M

T)

15.5

16

16.5

17

17.5

18

18.5

19

19.5

20

mea

n w

eig

ht

ind

ex (

g)

Eval. by ESDU

Eval. by zone

Mean weight index(g)

Anchovy : total zone

Comparative evolution between biomass assessed by ESDU and by homogeneus zones,mean weight index

Pelmed08 - June July

Juvalion07 - December

Anchovy landings in the gulf of Lion

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

Years

Lan

ding

ss (

MT

)

ANCHOVY

?

Anchovy against sardine biomass

20071993

19951996

1997

1998

2000

1999

2001

20022003

2004

2005

2006

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000

Sardine biomass

An

cho

vy b

iom

ass

Anchovy biomass in different areas of méditerranean and atlantic seas

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Years

Bio

mas

s (M

T)

Golfe du Lion

Golfe de Gascogne

Mer d'Alboran

Levante R.

Tramontana R.

ANCHOVY : Mean catch per day and total effort by year - Sete port

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

YEARS

CPUE (Kg per day ± sd)

EFFORT (Total fishing days)

Partial data (3 months)

ANCHOVY : Mean catch per day and total effort by month - Sete port

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

12000

72000

12001

72001

12002

72002

12003

72003

12004

72004

12005

72005

12006

72006

12007

72007

Month/Year

CP

UE

(kg

/bo

at d

ay)

Effort

CPUE

SARDINE: Mean catch per day and total effort by year - Sete port

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

YEARS

CPUE (Kg per day ± sd)

EFFORT (Total fishing days)

Partial data (3 months)

SARDINE : Mean catch per day and total effort by month - Sete port

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

12000

72000

12001

72001

12002

72002

12003

72003

12004

72004

12005

72005

12006

72006

12007

72007

Month/Year

CP

UE

(k

g/b

oa

t d

ay

)

Effort

CPUE

Length structure for anchovy landed in the gulf of Lion

2004

0

1000020000

30000

40000

5000060000

70000

80000

7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17

Length (cm)

Nb

(x1

000)

2005

01000020000300004000050000600007000080000

7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17

Length (cm)

Nb

(x1

000)

2006

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5

Length (cm)

Nb

(x10

00)

2007

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5

Length (cm)

Nb

(x10

00)

2005

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5 19 19.5 20 20.5 21

Nb

. (

x100

0)

2006

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5 19 19.5 20 20.5 21

Nb

. (

x100

0)

2007

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5 19 19.5 20 20.5 21

Nb

. (

x100

0)

2004

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5 19 19.5 20 20.5 21

Length (cm)

Nb

. (x

1000

)

Length structure for sardine landed in the gulf of Lion

Stock assessment of small pelagics in the Gulf of Lion • Conclusion

– Small pelagic assessment by acoustic methodology seems reliable for anchovy and sardine

– Sardine and anchovy stocks show important annual fluctuations. Anchovy stock, more sensitive, has to be follow carefully from biomass and landing indicators

– Alternative methods for estimating biomass has to be implemented and compared with currents one ’s ‘ 

Small pelagics in the Gulf of Lion

• SCSA management advice and recommendations– Anchovy

• As biomass estimation for 2005 - 2007 remain lower than previous years, SCSA recommend to not increase fishing effort and to follow with a great attention the gradual changes in all indicators of stock status

– Sardine

• As biomass estimation for 2006 - 2007 remain lower than 2005 one, SCSA recommend to not increase fishing effort, even if it appears that there could be a strong recruitment in 2008.

Small pelagics in the Gulf of Lion

• GSCSA scientific recommandations• For anchovy, as GSA07 is closed to GSA06, a survey has

been done in 2008 from the south of Ebro to the Gulf of Lion with the aim of assessing anchovy spawning stock in June-July. A second survey could be done for estimate recruitment in November-January in the same area. A strong cooperation between Spain and France to plan these surveys would be encouraged

• For anchovy and sardine and with the aim of assess shared stocks, re-enforce the cooperation between Spain and France to actualise biological data as well as catches and effort one ’s for the boats of the two nations catching this species in the Gulf of Lion