National Aeronautics and Space Administration

www.nasa.gov in  Silicon  Valley...  

…Innova0on  starts  here  

John W. Hines Chief Technologist

NASA-Ames Research Center John.w.hines@nasa.gov

650-604-5538

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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SSME…Where We are Going

•   Trend is for Smaller Technology •   Concurrent applications •   Solid R&D Foundations •   Well-Informed Make or Buy Decisions •   Constrained Budgets •   International Collaborative Focus •   Next Generation Workforce Training

An Idea to Focus the NASA Small Spacecraft Community, And to Accelerate Integration into NASA Missions and Programs

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The Small Spacecraft and Missions Enterprise (SSME)

•   Embodies an open vision for next generation space systems and missions development,

•   Implements a strategy to facilitate increased efficiencies for agency, mission directorate, national, and commercial space utilization that leverages small spacecraft investments.

•   SSME focuses on: –   identifying the needs of the space community, –   defining technology emphasis areas, –   establishing and vetting appropriate standards, and –   providing critical infrastructure elements necessary to facilitate efficiencies

and leveraging within the Small Spacecraft and Missions user and developer communities.

•   Where appropriate, testbeds, pilot, and demonstration projects will be conducted, with an aim of accelerating the acceptance and utilization of small spacecraft systems, technologies, and mission architectures.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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Tech Advisory Panel

Stakeholders Contributors

Project Teams Communications, reporting, documentation

Generic NanosatAvionics

Mechanical Systemsand Interfaces

Gnd and Mission Ops

Testbeds

Spacecraft Subsystems

Platforms/Architectures

Launch Vehicles/Interfaces

Mission OPs / Gnd Stations

Enabling Tools & Capabilities

Payloads & Accommodations

Mission, Systems, ProjectEngineering

Technology Advocacy

Technology Demonstrations

EarthAstrophysicsHeliophysicsPlanetary Science

Science Missions

Robotic Human Assist(ed)

HEOMD Missions

STEM Projects

Int'l Collabs

Industry Collabs

Pilot Projects and Missions

Launch Opportunities

Integrated Mission Ops

Distributed Gnd Stns

Sm Spacecraft Platforms

Subsystems

SS Infrastructure

Sm Spacecraft Platforms

Payload Accommodations

InterfacesS/C; L/V; P/L

Communications

Ground Stations

Standards

SSME Org NGO (?)

SSME Suggested Organization

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SSME ‘push’ technology categories

•   Spacecraft SubSystems and Components –   Avionics (CDH, ADCS, PWR, COMM) –   Mechanical Subsystems (STRUC, PROP, DEPLBLS) –   Thermal

•   Autonomous Flight and Ground Software •   Space Systems, Platforms, and Mission Architectures •   Launch Vehicles, Adapters, Deployers, and Interfaces •   Payloads and Payload Accommodations •   Mission Operations and Gnd/Range Technologies •   Enabling Tools and Capabilities •   Mission, Systems, and Project Engineering

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Spacecraft Technologies

•   Advanced Bus Architectures •   Plug and Play •   Autonomous Operations

•   Data Handling •   Communications •   Guidance, Navigation and Control

•   MEMS Accelerometers and Gyroscopes •   Miniaturized GPS Devices •  Propellantless Attitude Control

•  Multisatellite Operations •   Formation Flying/Constellations

•   Power •   Long-life, High-density, Scalable Power Storage •   Deployable Solar Arrays

•   Structure •   Evolvable, Reconfigurable Satellites

•   Thermal Management •   MEMS-based

Sun Sensor

GPS Receiver

Mini Star Tracker

Nano Reaction Wheels

High Performance, Low Power Computing

Ultra light weight IMU

Nano-ACS Thrusters Micro-Propulsion

5.8 GHz Transceiver

High Capacity, Lightweight Batteries

Enables a Variety of Science Missions:

Precision Formation Flying Remote Imaging- Earth/Lunar Science Autonomous Satellite Maintenance Space Physics & Astrophysics Exploration- Lunar, NEOs, Comets

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SSME Platform Objective

•   The overarching platform objective of the SSME is to determine the optimal architecture and component configuration(s) for a given mission platform (or combinations of platforms), or small spacecraft mission architecture that will allow for the same capabilities as larger platforms in smaller form factors.

•   Several small spacecraft platforms are envisioned, with an eye toward exploring and defining pathways to conduct 50-80% of target space missions at 20-50% of cost, size, mass, and development.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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SSME Platforms

•   The SSME aligns a broad spectrum of small spacecraft mission requirements and objectives with pilot projects to mature and evaluate transformational technologies to a level suitable for flight demonstration on multiple platforms. A representative distribution of possible platforms to be considered include:

•   <1 – 5 kg •   5 – 50 kg •   50 – 200 kg •   Hosted Payloads

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Innovation in Small Satellites •   Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) - Lunar Kinetic Impactor Mission to explore

the presence and nature of water ice on the Moon.

•   Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) - Will seek new information about the tenuous lunar atmosphere and dust environment.

•   Pharmasat - Fully-automated, miniaturized triple cubesat

spaceflight system for biological payloads.

•   IRIS will use a solar telescope and spectrograph to explore the solar chromospheres.

•   O/OREOS - studies how exposure to space changes organic molecules and biology.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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NASA-Ames Nanosatellite Projects

GeneSat-1 PharmaSat-1

Nanosail-D

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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Mass (kg) Name Vol

6 NanoCube 1N

12 2Cube 2N

24 Quad (2x2) 1Q

48 Double Quad 2Q

Triple Cube baseline with Beacon or Aux Payload Cylinder and Deorbit capability (per Pharmasat/OOREOS form factor).

–   Maximum 2.0 kg per cube equiv or 6.0 kg. –   Triple cube equiv baseline designated as 1N, configs = 1N, 2N, 3N, 4N. –   4N quad = 1Q; 1Q =4 ea 1N in 2x2 (or 1x4) form factor; –   Configs = 1Q, 2Q, 3Q (Special cases only right now). –   Maybe also 1.5 Q (= 32N). (Special cases only)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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Innovative SmallSat Architectures

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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Technology and Innovation Strategy … Addressing Global Needs

DoD,  Other  Gov,  Interna/onal  

Commercial,  Entrepreneural  

Space  Industry  

NASA  Missions  

Space  Research,  

Development,  And  

Explora/on  

Technology  And  Economic  

Compe//veness  

Na/onal  Defense  And  

Security   Solu/on    Space  

Robust  Aerospace  Industry  &  Compe//ve  Advantage  

Spin-­‐off  Technologies  for  Non-­‐Space  Applica/ons  

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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SSME Stakeholders

Early Stage

Game Chng'gFranklin

X-Cut'gEdison

OCT

HEOMD

SMD

Educ / Intl / Leg / Public

Other NASA

DoD/DARPA/AFRL

NSF

NRO

Other Gov

EPSCoR

Univ NanoSat

Cubesat

Academia

Entrepreneur

Small

Large

Industry

SSME Stakeholders

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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SSME Study Elements

•   White papers used to address the needs of NASA programs, mission directorates, and the external community to outline and define Design Reference Missions (DRMs) to illustrate potential technology areas and thrusts for small satellites.

•   Workshop to vet the white papers and to solicit input from the satellite space technology base at large, including developers, users, and providers from industry, government, and academia, on technologies that would most greatly benefit their platforms and applications.

•   Database of applicable and appropriate technologies, subsystems, products, and potential vendors, researchers, subject matter experts, and providers

•   Roadmaps for use as guiding documents in the efforts of small spacecraft development.

•   Technology implementation and insertion recommendations for Space Technology and Mission Directorates to inform and augment their strategic and investment roadmaps and other planning vehicles.

•   Pilot Projects and Testbeds to demonstrate utility and feasibility of concepts, technologies, and approaches identified through the above activities, and which serve to motivate the user, provider, and stakeholder communities to utilize and advocate resulting products.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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SSME Tech Advisory Panel

OCT / STPFranklin Program

Other NASAOther GovAcademia

Industry / EntrepreneursInternational Collaborators

Stakeholders

Project Teams(solicited)

SSVE Resident Intern Program

tier 1demo using existing assetstier 2modify existing assetstier 3develop new and advanced assets

Tiers of teams and solicitation

Small Spacecraft Virtual Institute

Generic Nanosat Avionics Mechanical Systems & Interfaces Ground and Mission Ops

Testbeds

Avionics (CDH,ADCS,PWR,COMM)Mech Systems (STRUC,PROP,DEPLYBLS))SoftwareThermal

Spacecraft Subsystems

Platforms/Architectures

Launch Veh / Interfaces

Mission Ops / Gnd Stns

Enabling Tool and Capabilities

Payload Accommodations

MIssion, Systems Engineering

Technology Advocacy

TechEdSat 1U, 1.5U, 2U, 3U, 6UCubesat,Phonesat cluster

LEO, ISS

NEO

Lunar

Libration Points

GEO

Hosted Payloadsand Launch Vehicles

Pilot Projects/Destinations

Launch Opportunities

Integrated Mission Ops

Distributed Gnd Stns

Sm Spacecraft Platforms

Subsystems

SS Infrastructure

Sm Spacecraft Platforms

Payload Accommodations

Software

InterfacesS/C; L/V; P/L

Communications

Ground Stations

Standards

SSME OrgSmall Spacecraft and Missions Enterprise

External NGO (?)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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ARC Tech Org Other Gov Orgs  Other Centers Industry Academia

ContractAgreement

     NGO  [SSVI]?

MembershipAgreement

 ARC Space Technology

Office (STO)

Agreement(s)

Governing    Board  

SSME  Future  (?)