Project Overview
Ron Melton, Ph.D., Project Director
Don Hammerstrom, Ph.D., Principal Investigator
Battelle, Pacific Northwest Division
Presented at ASERTTI Fall Meeting
October 10, 2012, Seattle, WA PNWD-SA-91143
Pacific Northwest Demonstration Project
What:
• $178M, ARRA-funded, 5-year demonstration
• 60,000 metered customers in 5 states
Why:
• Quantify costs and benefits
• Develop communications protocol
• Develop standards
• Facilitate integration of wind and other renewables
Who:
Led by Battelle and partners including BPA, 11 utilities, 2 universities, and 5 vendors
When:
Through early 2015
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Project Objectives
$ Develop Standards for interoperable Smart
Grid
Lay the foundation for a regional Smart Grid
Develop and validate two-way communication
Measure and validate costs and benefits
Integrate renewable Energy
3
Project Structure / Roles
Battelle Memorial Institute, Pacific Northwest Division
Bonneville Power Administration
11 utilities (and UW) and their vendors
5 technology infrastructure partners
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Subproject Test Case Summary
Transactive
Control Reliability Conservation
/Efficiency Social Totals
Avista Utilities 4 3 5 3 15
Benton PUD 1 1 1 0 3
City of Ellensburg 1 0 8 0 9
Flathead Electric 6 2 0 0 8
Idaho Falls Power 8 2 3 3 16
Lower Valley Energy 3 2 6 1 12
Milton-Freewater 3 0 0 0 3
NorthWestern Energy 4 1 3 1 9
Peninsula Light 2 1 1 0 4
Portland General Electric 4 1 1 2 8
UW/Seattle City Light 5 0 3 0 8
Totals 41 13 31 10 95
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Transactive Control 101
What is it?
– Transactive control is a distributed method for coordinating responsive grid assets wherever they may reside in the power system.
Incentive and feedback signals
– The incentive signal sends a synthetic price forecast to electricity assets
– The feedback signal sends a consumption pattern in response to the incentive.
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Upstream
(toward generation) Downstream
(toward demand)
Incentive
Signal
Feedback
Signal
Modified
Feedback
Signal
Modified
Incentive
Signal
An Incentive Signal
Predict and share a dynamic, price-like signal—the unit
cost of energy needed to supply demand at this node using
the least costly local generation resources and imported
energy. May include
– Fuel cost (consider wind vs. fossil vs. hydropower generation)
– Amortized infrastructure cost
– Cost impacts of capacity constraints
– Existing costs from rates, markets, demand charges, etc.
– Green preferences?
– Profit?
– Etc.
Example “Resource Functions”: Wind farm, fossil generation, hydropower, demand charges, transmission constraint, infrastructure, transactive energy, imported energy
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A Feedback Signal
Predict and send dynamic feedback signal—power
predicted between this node and a neighbor node based on
local price-like signal and other local conditions. May
include
– Inelastic and elastic load components
– Weather impacts (e.g., ambient temperature, wind, insolation)
– Occupancy impacts
– Energy storage control
– Local practices, policies, and preferences
– Effects of demand response actions
– Customer preferences
– Predicted behavioral responses (e.g., to portals or in-home
displays)
– Real-time, time-of-use, or event-driven demand responses alike
– Distributed generation
Example “Load Functions”: Battery storage, bulk inelastic load, building thermostats, water heaters, dynamic voltage control, portals / in-home displays
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Transactive Node Inputs & Outputs
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The system is distributed, predictive, scalable, and its signals track the energy that it represents.
NW Region “Influence Map”--Topology
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Cut Plane
Flowgate
Transactive Node Structure for Demo
TZ13- MT
ST10-Helena
(BA09-NorthWestern
Energy)
(UT09-NorthWestern
Energy)
ST11-Philipsburg
(BA09-NorthWestern
Energy)
(UT09-NorthWestern
Energy)
TZ12- Central Oregon TZ08-OR Cascades
TZ06-Northcentral
Washington
(BA04-BPA)
ST04-Ellensburg
Renewable Park
(Ut04-Ellensburg)
Canada
@ Boundary
TS34 TS35
ST09-Milton-Freewater
(UT08-Milton-Freewater)
TZ09- Southcentral OR
TS09
TZ04-Allston
TZ03-Paul
Eastern
Montana
TS03 TS06
FG02-N.Cascades North
FG01-Monroe-
Echo Lake
FG
04
-Ra
ve
r Pa
ul
FG05-
Paul
Allston
FG06-
Allston
KeelerF
G1
0-W
. No
rth o
f Ha
nfo
rd
FG08-W of Hatwai FG16-MT to NW
FG17-Lolo
FG
20
- La
Gra
nd
e
FG19-EnterpriseF
G1
8- W
. of M
cN
ary
FG14-W. of Slatt
FG
11-W
. of J
oh
n D
ay
FG12-E. of John Day
FG07-S.
Cascades
FG03-N.
Cascades
South
FG
09
-E. N
orth
of H
an
ford
Canada
@ Custer
We
st C
OI
PD
CI
East COI
Wyoming
Nevada
FG15- Harney and Midpoint
Northern Montana
Regional and Subproject Transactive Control Nodes & Network Topology
TS12
TS18 TS21 TS22
TS15
TS28 TS29
FG13
TS25
TIS/TFS Path (FGxx or TSxx)
TZ – Transmission Zone
BA – Balancing Authority
UT – Utility (of Subproject)
ST – Site (of Subproject)
FG – Flowgate
Transactive Control (TC) Node
EIOC TC Nodes
ST02- UW
Campus
ST01- Fox Island
(UT01-Peninsula Light)
TZ02-West Washington
(BA01-BPA) (BA02–SCL)
(UT02-Seattle City Light)
TZ01-NW Washington
ST03-Salem
(BA03-Portland General)
(UT03-PGE)
TZ05-Western OR
ST05-Reata
(UT05-Benton PUD)
TZ07-Hanford
(BA05-BPA)
TZ10-N. Idaho
(BA07-BPA)
ST08-Haskil
(UT07-
Flathead
Electrid)
ST07-Libby
(UT07-
Flathead
Electric)
ST06-Pulman
(BA06-Avista)
(UT06-Avista)
ST14-DA &
Energy
Management
(UT11-Idaho
Falls Power)
ST13- Loop
Microgrid
(UT11-Idaho
Falls Power)
TS33
ST12- Teton-
Palisades
Power
Interconnect
(UT10-Lower
Valley)
TZ14- South Idaho
(BA10-Pacificorp)
TZ11-NE Oregon
(BA08-BPA)
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Progress Towards Project Objectives
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To Recap – Regional Benefits
• Opportunity to leverage smart grid assets installed by regional utilities using an innovative incentive structure
• Extend and validate the concepts demonstrated in Oly-Pen project – Flexible approach to integrating BPA’s and Utility’s operational
objectives and responsive resources
– Standardized, interoperable approach to facilitate broad application
• Prove and refine the transactive approach – Gather regional cost-benefit information
– Understand scale-up challenges and opportunities
• Continue the region’s legacy of national leadership in power system innovation
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2015 and beyond
• At the end of the demo project:
– ~ 100 Megawatts of distributed responsive assets engaged
– Transactive control validated as a means of balancing
intermittent renewable resources
– Base of smart grid equipment installed at 11 utilities
• Beyond the demo project
– Scale up to engage additional responsive assets
– Transition from R&D to operations
– Operationalize for balancing authorities (regional value)
– Further deployment with energy service providers to enhance
value to their operations (local value)
Acknowledgement & Disclaimer
• Acknowledgment: "This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-OE0000190.”
• Disclaimer: "This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.”
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For further information
Dr. Ron Melton
509-372-6777
www.pnwsmartgrid.org
– “Annual Report”
– Quarterly newsletters
– Participant summaries
– Background on technology