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• Smart solution for NZEB • Livio de Santoli
• Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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The vision (within the process of leading change, J Cotter, 2005) Goingbeyondthefeaturesoftheexis3ngmodel:• end-usercentrality• socialinclusion:e3csanddevelopment• energy,environmental,economic,socialpolicies• environmentalcostRecastofEED,EPBD,RESD
De-carbonization of energy (according to Energy Union pillars)
2030 • 40% GHG reduction
• 27% RES
• 30% energy efficiency
2020
2030 2050 2020 • 20% GHG reduction
• 20% RES
• 20% energy efficiency
Roadmap 2050 80-95% GHG reduction
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SEN (Italy: 2017-2030)
-40%GHG;30%EE;27%RESThismeansaminimumdevelopingratein(2015-2030)comparedtowhatrealizedin(2010-2015),accordingtoa50%renewableelectricityofoverallendconsump3ons.Furthermore,heatrenewable(geothermal,bioenergies,solar,heatpumps)hastodoublewhatdonein(2010-2015).
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Role of Buildings /1
• EveninItalyH&Cisresponsibleof50%ofoverallconsump3onswithmorethan70%byimportedgas
• RESpenetra3onislessthanothersectors(20%)• ThedefinedRESpercentageofNZEB(50%)maybereachedonlyina
coherentstandardframerelatedtothespecificityoftheCountry(i.e.:importanceofsummercoolingloads)
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Role of Buildings /2 Furthermore,inordertomatchthosegoals:• Exis3ngbuildingsrenova3onfromapresentvalueof0,5-1,2%sqm
peryearmustarriveto2%• not-ETSsectormayinclude,accordingtotheexis3ngemissionlevel,
adeeprenova3onmovingfromtoday15-25%consump3onrduc3ontowardsfuture60-80%(IntegratedDeepRenova3on,i.e.connec3onwithan3-seismicimproving)
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Role of Buildings /3
Maintopic:• Theclimatefinance:innova3vebusinessmodelsforEEtoforcethe
bridgebetweenfinanceandactualeconomy(long-termtools)• Effec3veinforma3onoftheprosumers(domes3csector)• Bigdatamanagement,i.e.EEinultra-largebanddesign
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How to approach nZEB policy
• Amul3disciplinaryapproach• AGDscenario(smartgridforelectricity,heatandgascoupledwith
coherentstorages)• Suppor3ngtheupdateofdigitalsystems(VirtualPowerPlantVPP,
ICTappliedtoenergy,ultra-largebandconnec3on,smartDSO)• TheroleofR&D
European Union Energy Day European EUenergyday.eu #EUenergyday European Union Energy Day Clean energy solutions for the buildings of the future
NZEBnet Collaborative platform for the development
and the implementation of NZEB
AnResearchProgramofNa3onalInterest(PRIN)hbp://www.iwebyou.it/nzeb/
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TASKFORCE#1(LabsRoma1eRoma2)
Smartenergysystems:areferencecellarforenergycommuni3es;EMSTASKFORCE#2(LabsUniCassinoeUniCagliari)
ex-anteandpost-retrofitofexis3ngbuildingsmonitoringandaudi3ng.
TASKFORCE#3(LabsIUAVeUNICAL-Cosenza)
Theenvelope,innova3vematerials(PCM)
TASKFORCE#4(LabsUniSAeUniCassino)
IEQanditsmonitoringandcontrol
TASKFORCE#5(LabsPoliTOeRoma3)
CostOp0malityinenergyaudi3ngforexis3ngbuildings:andinterac3onsbetweenenergy/enviromentalandeconomicanalyses.ChoiceofEEM
TASKFORCE#6(LabsPoliMIeUniTrento)
Dynamicsimula3onforenergyaudi3nginexis3ngbuildings
HPdualsource
PVT+geothermalasheat(renewable)sourceofawater-waterheatpump
HP-TCCO2
PVT+uCHPasheat(renewable)sourceofaTCCO2heatpump
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DomesticICEµCHP(5kWe,12kWt)µe=26%,µt=78%
Livio de Santoli, ottobre 2012
NumericalmodelofamicrogasturbinefuelledwithH2NGblendsandcomparisonwithexperimentaldata
0,1676
0,24880,2727
0,12
0,22
5 15 30
Electricalefficicency
ElectricalPower[kWel]
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
9
10
11
12
13
0 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Fuelvolum
etricflow
rate
[Nm
3 /h]
H2%
Fuelfromprimaryenergy Fuel
215522214802214648214571214417214340
180000
190000
200000
210000
220000
0 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%Fuelene
rgy[kWh]
H2%
Energyfromfossilfuel Energy
H2volumetricfrac3onaddedtothenaturalgasisnottakenintoaccountasprimaryenergy
32%reduc3onoffossilfuelconsump3onwithH2contentequal
to10%
Energyfromfossilfuelreduc3onwithH2enrichmentofnaturalgas
Overallfuelenergyreduc3onduetoslightincreaseofelectricaland
heatrecoveryefficiency
3,24%Increaseofelectricalefficiencywithhydromethane@10%ofH2byvolume
ExperimentalcharacterizationofamicrogasturbinefuelledwithH2NG
• Resultsobtainedbyincreasinghydrogenupto10%vol.:
• Rela3veequivalencera3o,λ,increase:4%÷7%
• Maximumelectricalefficiencyincrease:0,00584
• Nodrawbacksinthecharacteris3cparametersoftheMGT
• CO2emissionsreduc3on
• Specificemissionslowerthanthoseresul3ngfromseparateheatand
electricityproduc3on
7,007,508,008,509,009,5010,0010,5011,00
0 2 4 6 8 10[%H2]
λ
22kW
15kW
0,2
0,205
0,21
0,215
0,22
0,225
0,23
0 2 4 6 8 10[%H2]
ηel
22kW
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0 2 4 6 8 10
[kg/kW
h]
[%H2]
CO222kW
[kg/kWhLHVl]
[kg/kWhel]
[kg/kWhth]
18
Hydrogen-driven Gas Heat Pump
Desorption Absorption
Schematic representation of catalytic burner
Ø Flameless combustion Ø Low temperature
combustion Ø No nitrogen oxides Ø No backfiring issues
Burner modifications and substitution
Bacteries costs/energy density
IEA,Global EV Outlook 2016
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21
TowardstheSmartEnergySystems(SES)
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