Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Alarm Inspection Requirements for One and Two Family Dwellings Division of...

Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Alarm Inspection Requirements Alarm Inspection Requirements

for One and Two Family Dwellingsfor One and Two Family Dwellings

Division of Fire SafetyDivision of Fire SafetyDepartment of Fire ServicesDepartment of Fire Services

Presentation Scope:Presentation Scope:

This program will outline the smoke and carbon This program will outline the smoke and carbon monoxide (CO) alarm requirements for the inspection of monoxide (CO) alarm requirements for the inspection of detached one and two family dwellings as it relates to detached one and two family dwellings as it relates to M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F and 26F½, and 527 CMR 31.00 M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F and 26F½, and 527 CMR 31.00 and recently revised 527 CMR 32.00.and recently revised 527 CMR 32.00.

Smoke & CO Alarm Inspection Smoke & CO Alarm Inspection RequirementsRequirements

Detached One and Two Family Dwellings Detached One and Two Family Dwellings Only:Only:

Single Family:Single Family: Duplexes:Duplexes:

Smoke & CO Alarm Inspection Smoke & CO Alarm Inspection RequirementsRequirements

The presentation does The presentation does NOTNOT cover multiple cover multiple family dwellings:family dwellings:

Smoke Detector Requirements Smoke Detector Requirements for One and Two Family for One and Two Family

Dwellings Dwellings

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26FM.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26FM.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F

Residential buildings or structures; Residential buildings or structures; equipping with smoke detectors upon equipping with smoke detectors upon

sale or transfer sale or transfer

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26FM.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F

All buildings or structures occupied in whole or in part All buildings or structures occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes and not regulated by M.G.L. c. for residential purposes and not regulated by M.G.L. c. 148, s. 26A, 26B or 26C shall, upon the sale or transfer 148, s. 26A, 26B or 26C shall, upon the sale or transfer of such building or structure, be equipped by the seller of such building or structure, be equipped by the seller with approved smoke detectors as provided in M.G.L. c. with approved smoke detectors as provided in M.G.L. c. 148, s. 26E. 148, s. 26E.

The head of the fire department shall enforce the The head of the fire department shall enforce the provisions of this section.provisions of this section.

What are s. 26A, 26B and 26C?:What are s. 26A, 26B and 26C?:

Section 26A:Section 26A:- Sprinkler systems in high-rises.- Sprinkler systems in high-rises.

Section 26B:Section 26B:- Residential buildings must have a automatic fire warning - Residential buildings must have a automatic fire warning

system as required in the Massachusetts State Building system as required in the Massachusetts State Building Code (MSBC – 780 CMR).Code (MSBC – 780 CMR).

Section 26C:Section 26C:- Smoke/heat detectors in apartment houses containing 6 or - Smoke/heat detectors in apartment houses containing 6 or

more dwelling units, hotels, boarding or lodging houses, or more dwelling units, hotels, boarding or lodging houses, or family hotelsfamily hotels..

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26BM.G.L. c. 148 s. 26B

Every building Every building ≤ 70’≤ 70’ in height above the mean grade in height above the mean grade erected or substantially altered to be occupied for erected or substantially altered to be occupied for residential purposes shall be protected with an residential purposes shall be protected with an approved automatic fire warning system in approved automatic fire warning system in accordance with the provisions of the state building accordance with the provisions of the state building codecode. Such system shall include the features of . Such system shall include the features of automatic smoke detection in conjunction with the automatic smoke detection in conjunction with the approved fire detection devices. approved fire detection devices.

The head of the fire department as defined in section The head of the fire department as defined in section one shall enforce the provisions of this section. one shall enforce the provisions of this section.

M.S.B.C.M.S.B.C.

MSBC was first adopted on January 1MSBC was first adopted on January 1stst, 1975. , 1975. - It was the 2- It was the 2ndnd Edition. Edition.- There was never a 1- There was never a 1stst Edition. Edition.

Since 1975 there has always been a MSBC in Since 1975 there has always been a MSBC in effect. effect.

Only residential structures built prior to 1975, Only residential structures built prior to 1975, and not substantially altered to constitute new and not substantially altered to constitute new are subject to M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26E.are subject to M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26E.

Smoke and CO Alarm RequirementsSmoke and CO Alarm Requirements

Pre-1975 DwellingsPre-1975 Dwellings

*Not substantially altered to constitute new.**Not substantially altered to constitute new.*

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26FM.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F

All buildings or structures occupied in whole or in part All buildings or structures occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes and not regulated by sections for residential purposes and not regulated by sections 26A, 26B or 26C shall, upon the sale or transfer of such 26A, 26B or 26C shall, upon the sale or transfer of such building or structure, be equipped by the seller with building or structure, be equipped by the seller with approved smoke detectors as provided in M.G.L. c. 148 approved smoke detectors as provided in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26E. s. 26E.

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26E (a)M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26E (a)

All one and two family dwellings occupied in whole or All one and two family dwellings occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes shall be equipped with in part for residential purposes shall be equipped with approved smoke detectors. approved smoke detectors.

-- An An approved monitored battery powered smoke approved monitored battery powered smoke detectordetector..

-- An An approved primary power smoke detectorapproved primary power smoke detector..

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26E (a)M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26E (a)

Owners of such buildings or structures shall Owners of such buildings or structures shall install approved smoke detectors: install approved smoke detectors:

- On each level of habitation.- On each level of habitation.- On the basement level. - On the basement level. - Outside each - Outside each separate sleeping areaseparate sleeping area..- On the ceiling of each stairway leading to - On the ceiling of each stairway leading to

the floor above, near the base of, but not the floor above, near the base of, but not within each stairway.within each stairway.

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26DM.G.L. c. 148 s. 26DAs used in this section and sections 26E and 26F the As used in this section and sections 26E and 26F the following terms shall have the following meanings:following terms shall have the following meanings:

Separate sleeping area:Separate sleeping area:The area or areas of the dwelling unit in which the The area or areas of the dwelling unit in which the

bedrooms, or sleeping rooms, are located. bedrooms, or sleeping rooms, are located.

Bedrooms, or sleeping rooms, separated by other use Bedrooms, or sleeping rooms, separated by other use areas such as kitchens or living rooms, but not areas such as kitchens or living rooms, but not bathrooms, shall be considered as separate sleeping bathrooms, shall be considered as separate sleeping areas.areas.

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26DM.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D

As used in this section and sections 26E and 26F the As used in this section and sections 26E and 26F the following terms shall have the following meanings:following terms shall have the following meanings:

Approved monitored battery power smoke detector:Approved monitored battery power smoke detector:A smoke detector which is activated by a battery A smoke detector which is activated by a battery

power source provided that the battery is monitored.power source provided that the battery is monitored.

Approved primary power smoke detector:Approved primary power smoke detector:A smoke detector which is activated by being A smoke detector which is activated by being

permanently wired to a source of AC electric power permanently wired to a source of AC electric power or connected to a source of AC electric power by an or connected to a source of AC electric power by an UL approved cord with a strain relief and plug retainer.UL approved cord with a strain relief and plug retainer.

Approved Smoke DetectorsApproved Smoke Detectors

Approved monitored battery power smoke Approved monitored battery power smoke detector and approved primary power smoke detector and approved primary power smoke detector, as defined in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D and detector, as defined in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D and used in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26E and 26F, recently used in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26E and 26F, recently have been further defined in 527 CMR 32.00 – have been further defined in 527 CMR 32.00 – Approved Smoke Detectors.Approved Smoke Detectors.

527 CMR 32.00527 CMR 32.00Approved Smoke Detectors Approved Smoke Detectors


*Actually not approved, its wireless - but its a heat detector.*Actually not approved, its wireless - but its a heat detector.


Type of detection methods:Type of detection methods:

- Photoelectric- Photoelectric• • More effective in detecting smoldering fires.More effective in detecting smoldering fires.• • Less susceptible to nuisance alarms from:Less susceptible to nuisance alarms from:

Cooking smokeCooking smoke Steam (cooking, showers, baths, etc…)Steam (cooking, showers, baths, etc…)

- Ionization- Ionization• • More effective in detecting flaming fires.More effective in detecting flaming fires.• • Less expensive.Less expensive.


Important reminders:Important reminders:

- Both detector types have been around for years.- Both detector types have been around for years.- Both detectors are effective in detecting smoke.- Both detectors are effective in detecting smoke.- Does not prohibit the use of ionization detectors.- Does not prohibit the use of ionization detectors.- Decreasing nuisance alarms reduces the chance of - Decreasing nuisance alarms reduces the chance of

homeowner removing the detector.homeowner removing the detector.

Key is to have working smoke detectors!Key is to have working smoke detectors!

527 CMR 32.00527 CMR 32.00

Originally adopted on January 8Originally adopted on January 8 thth, 2009, with , 2009, with an effective date of January 1an effective date of January 1stst, 2010., 2010.

At the BFPR’s December 2009 meeting, there At the BFPR’s December 2009 meeting, there were several modifications made to 527 CMR were several modifications made to 527 CMR 32.00 (including a new effective date of April 32.00 (including a new effective date of April 55thth, 2010)., 2010).

*Ensure you have the December 2009 version.*Ensure you have the December 2009 version.

527 CMR 32.00527 CMR 32.00

Effective date of April 5Effective date of April 5thth, 2010., 2010.

527 CMR 32.01527 CMR 32.01

Purpose:Purpose:

To enhance public safety by providing further technical To enhance public safety by providing further technical qualification to the definitions of:qualification to the definitions of:

- Approved monitored battery power smoke detector. - Approved monitored battery power smoke detector. - Approved primary power smoke detector.- Approved primary power smoke detector.

Used in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D, 26E and 26F.Used in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D, 26E and 26F.

527 CMR 32.01527 CMR 32.01

Scope:Scope:The provisions of 527 CMR 32.00 shall The provisions of 527 CMR 32.00 shall notnot apply to apply to buildings constructed, altered or modified after January buildings constructed, altered or modified after January 11stst, 1975, which are subject to the provisions of MSBC, 1975, which are subject to the provisions of MSBC..

527 CMR 32.01527 CMR 32.01

Scope:Scope:As of April 5As of April 5thth, 2010, 527 CMR 32.00 shall be the , 2010, 527 CMR 32.00 shall be the applicable standard for sellers to comply with the applicable standard for sellers to comply with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F upon sale and transfer provisions of M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F upon sale and transfer of certain buildings or structures occupied in whole or in of certain buildings or structures occupied in whole or in part for residential purposespart for residential purposes..

527 CMR 32.01527 CMR 32.01

Scope:Scope:

The provisions of 527 CMR 32.00 shall The provisions of 527 CMR 32.00 shall notnot apply to: apply to:-- Dwellings permitted after January 1Dwellings permitted after January 1stst, 1975., 1975.-- Dwellings which have been altered or modified. Dwellings which have been altered or modified.

Since they are subject to the provisions of M.S.B.C.Since they are subject to the provisions of M.S.B.C...

527 CMR 32.02527 CMR 32.02

General Requirements:General Requirements:An approved monitored battery power smoke detector An approved monitored battery power smoke detector and an approved primary power smoke detector, as and an approved primary power smoke detector, as defined in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D, is a working device that defined in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D, is a working device that employs both ionization and photoelectric technology, in employs both ionization and photoelectric technology, in either a single unit or by means of two separate units to either a single unit or by means of two separate units to determine an alarm condition. determine an alarm condition.

527 CMR 32.02 (1)527 CMR 32.02 (1)

General Requirements:General Requirements:

An approved monitored battery power smoke detector, as An approved monitored battery power smoke detector, as defined in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D, shall consist of a defined in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D, shall consist of a working device that is listed and employs both ionization working device that is listed and employs both ionization and photoelectric technology, in either a single unit or by and photoelectric technology, in either a single unit or by means of two separate units to determine an alarm means of two separate units to determine an alarm condition. condition.

- Except for smoke detectors located in areas regulated - Except for smoke detectors located in areas regulated by 527 CMR 32.03.by 527 CMR 32.03.

527 CMR 32.02 (2)527 CMR 32.02 (2)

General Requirements:General Requirements:

An approved primary power smoke detector, as defined An approved primary power smoke detector, as defined in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D, shall consist of a working in M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26D, shall consist of a working device that is listed and employs both ionization and device that is listed and employs both ionization and photoelectric technology, in either a single unit or by photoelectric technology, in either a single unit or by means of two separate units to determine an alarm means of two separate units to determine an alarm condition. condition.

- Except for smoke detectors located in areas regulated - Except for smoke detectors located in areas regulated by 527 CMR 32.03.by 527 CMR 32.03.

527 CMR 32.02527 CMR 32.02‘‘A device that employs both ionization and A device that employs both ionization and photoelectric technology, in either a single unit photoelectric technology, in either a single unit or by means of two separate units’or by means of two separate units’

- Dual detector (Photoelectric/Ionization).- Dual detector (Photoelectric/Ionization).- Two separate detectors.- Two separate detectors.

•• A pA photoelectric detector and a separate ionization detector.hotoelectric detector and a separate ionization detector.

- Combination detector and a separate detector.- Combination detector and a separate detector.•• Photoelectric/CO detector and a separate ionization detector.Photoelectric/CO detector and a separate ionization detector.

•• Ionization/CO detector and a separate photoelectric detector.Ionization/CO detector and a separate photoelectric detector.

527 CMR 32.03527 CMR 32.03

A smoke detector installed within 20’ of an A smoke detector installed within 20’ of an entryway to a kitchen, or bathroom containing a entryway to a kitchen, or bathroom containing a bathtub or shower, shall not utilize ionization bathtub or shower, shall not utilize ionization technology.technology.

The 20’ measurement shall include and extend The 20’ measurement shall include and extend into common areas of a multi-family dwelling.into common areas of a multi-family dwelling.

527 CMR 32.02 (3)527 CMR 32.02 (3)Low voltage systems:Low voltage systems:

Compliance with 527 CMR 32.02 can be met by a low Compliance with 527 CMR 32.02 can be met by a low voltage system of wired or wireless connected listed voltage system of wired or wireless connected listed photoelectric smoke detectors.photoelectric smoke detectors.

- Also called household fire warning systems.- Also called household fire warning systems.-- Low voltage ionization smoke detectors are no Low voltage ionization smoke detectors are no

longer manufactured.longer manufactured.

Certificate of ComplianceCertificate of Compliance


What happens on April 5What happens on April 5thth, 2010?, 2010?


FP-007-C:FP-007-C:

- Expires 60 days after issuance.- Expires 60 days after issuance.- If the certificate is issued prior to April 5- If the certificate is issued prior to April 5 thth, 2010:, 2010:

• • It is good for 60 days; even if the closing is after It is good for 60 days; even if the closing is after April 5April 5thth..

Certificate indicates compliant at time of inspection.Certificate indicates compliant at time of inspection.

•• If the certificate expires, then the home is required If the certificate expires, then the home is required to meet the provisions of 527 CMR 32.00. to meet the provisions of 527 CMR 32.00.

Distinguishing Between a Photoelectric Distinguishing Between a Photoelectric and a Ionization Detectorand a Ionization Detector


On the packaging of new smoke detectors, it will state On the packaging of new smoke detectors, it will state which detection principle(s) is utilized in the smoke which detection principle(s) is utilized in the smoke detector. The packaging could also have the following detector. The packaging could also have the following symbol to represent the detection principle:symbol to represent the detection principle:

Photoelectric:Photoelectric:Dual:Dual:

Ionization:Ionization:

- or -- or -


Most newer smoke detectors will have a symbol or Most newer smoke detectors will have a symbol or sticker visible on the external housing.sticker visible on the external housing.


Most newer smoke detectors will have a symbol or a label Most newer smoke detectors will have a symbol or a label visible on the external housing.visible on the external housing.


If there is no symbol or sticker visible on the If there is no symbol or sticker visible on the external housing, then the type of is typically on external housing, then the type of is typically on the back of the detector.the back of the detector.

If not, ionization smoke detectors will have on the back:If not, ionization smoke detectors will have on the back:- ‘Americium’ and/or;- ‘Americium’ and/or;- A trefoil, the international- A trefoil, the international

radiation symbolradiation symbol

Pre-1975 DwellingsPre-1975 DwellingsSmoke Detector SummarySmoke Detector Summary


Approved smoke detectors shall be installed on: Approved smoke detectors shall be installed on: - On each level of habitation.- On each level of habitation.- On the basement level. - On the basement level. - Outside each separate sleeping area.- Outside each separate sleeping area.- On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the - On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the

floor above, near the base of, but not within each floor above, near the base of, but not within each stairway.stairway.


The smoke detectors shall be employ both The smoke detectors shall be employ both ionization and photoelectric technology, in either a ionization and photoelectric technology, in either a single unit or by means of two separate units.single unit or by means of two separate units.

Photoelectric only detectors shall be utilized when: Photoelectric only detectors shall be utilized when: - Installed within 20’ of an entryway to a kitchen, or - Installed within 20’ of an entryway to a kitchen, or

bathroom containing a bathtub or shower.bathroom containing a bathtub or shower.- A low voltage system of wired or wireless connected - A low voltage system of wired or wireless connected

smoke detectors.smoke detectors.

Pre-1975 DwellingsPre-1975 DwellingsSmoke Detector ExamplesSmoke Detector Examples

Detector ExampleDetector Example

- SD (Photo)- SD (Photo)

- SD (Ion)- SD (Ion)







Or a dual detectorOr a dual detector


SDSD



Bath

Kitchen/Dining

Bath

Living Room

Master

Bath

Master

Bedroom

Bedroom

Game Room





Detector ExampleDetector ExampleFirst Floor (1)First Floor (1)









Detector Example Detector Example First Floor (3)First Floor (3)



Less than 20’Less than 20’

Detector ExampleDetector ExampleSecond Floor (1)Second Floor (1)






















More than 20’More than 20’









Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector Requirements

Dwellings permitted between 1975 and Dwellings permitted between 1975 and August 27August 27thth, 1997, 1997


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Second Edition of the MSBC: Second Edition of the MSBC: - One and two family dwellings permitted after- One and two family dwellings permitted after

January 1January 1stst, 1975 and prior to July 1, 1975 and prior to July 1stst, 1979., 1979.

- Not substantially altered to constitute new.- Not substantially altered to constitute new.

Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsSecond Edition of the MSBC Second Edition of the MSBC

Smoke detectors shall be installed on:Smoke detectors shall be installed on:- On each level of habitation.- On each level of habitation.- On the basement level. - On the basement level. - Outside each separate sleeping area.- Outside each separate sleeping area.- On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the floor - On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the floor

above, near the base of, but not within each above, near the base of, but not within each stairway.stairway.

- For each 1,200 ft- For each 1,200 ft22 of area or part thereof for any of area or part thereof for any level.level.

Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsSecond Edition of the MSBC Second Edition of the MSBC

Smoke detectors shall be:Smoke detectors shall be:- Not installed located in or within 6’ of a kitchen, - Not installed located in or within 6’ of a kitchen,

cooking area or garage.cooking area or garage.- Ceiling mounted (except for mobile homes). - Ceiling mounted (except for mobile homes). - All smoke detectors must be interconnected.- All smoke detectors must be interconnected.- The power supplied from a permanently wired - The power supplied from a permanently wired

connection to an AC primary source of power or connection to an AC primary source of power or monitored batteries.monitored batteries.

-- The power shall be from a single branch circuit The power shall be from a single branch circuit serving a habitable area.serving a habitable area.


Third Edition of the MSBC:Third Edition of the MSBC:- One and two family dwellings permitted from - One and two family dwellings permitted from

July 1July 1stst, 1979 and prior to September 1, 1979 and prior to September 1stst, 1980., 1980.


Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsThird Edition of the MSBC Third Edition of the MSBC

Smoke detectors shall be installed on:Smoke detectors shall be installed on:- On each level of habitation.- On each level of habitation.- On the basement level. - On the basement level. - Outside each separate sleeping area.- Outside each separate sleeping area.

•• These smoke detectors can meet the requirements These smoke detectors can meet the requirements for the detectors required on the level. for the detectors required on the level.

- On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the floor - On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the floor above, near the base of, but not within each stairway.above, near the base of, but not within each stairway.

- For each 1,200 ft- For each 1,200 ft22 of area or part thereof for any level. of area or part thereof for any level.

Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsThird Edition of the MSBC Third Edition of the MSBC

Smoke detectors shall be:Smoke detectors shall be:- The power supplied from a permanently wired - The power supplied from a permanently wired




Fourth Edition of the MSBC:Fourth Edition of the MSBC:- One and two family dwellings permitted from - One and two family dwellings permitted from

September 1 September 1stst, 1980 and prior to March 1, 1980 and prior to March 1stst, 1991., 1991.


Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsFourth Edition of the MSBC Fourth Edition of the MSBC





Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsFourth Edition of the MSBC Fourth Edition of the MSBC





Fifth Edition of the MSBC:Fifth Edition of the MSBC:- One and two family dwellings permitted from - One and two family dwellings permitted from

March 1 March 1stst, 1991 and prior to August 27, 1991 and prior to August 27thth, 1997., 1997.


Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsFifth Edition of the MSBC Fifth Edition of the MSBC





Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsFifth Edition of the MSBC Fifth Edition of the MSBC




Smoke Detector SummarySmoke Detector SummaryDwellings permitted from 1975 and prior to August 27Dwellings permitted from 1975 and prior to August 27thth, 1997, 1997

Smoke detectors shall be installed on:Smoke detectors shall be installed on:- On each level of habitation.- On each level of habitation.- On the basement level. - On the basement level. - Outside each separate sleeping area.- Outside each separate sleeping area.- On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the - On the ceiling of each stairway leading to the

floor above, near the base of, but not within each floor above, near the base of, but not within each stairway.stairway.


Smoke Detector SummarySmoke Detector SummaryDwellings permitted from 1975 and prior to August 27Dwellings permitted from 1975 and prior to August 27thth, 1997, 1997


connection to an AC primary source of power.connection to an AC primary source of power.-- The power shall be from a single branch circuit The power shall be from a single branch circuit

serving a habitable area.serving a habitable area.

Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector Requirements Sixth Edition MSBCSixth Edition MSBC

Dwellings permitted from August 27Dwellings permitted from August 27thth, 1997 and , 1997 and prior to January 1prior to January 1stst, 2008., 2008.



Sixth Edition of the MSBC:Sixth Edition of the MSBC:- One and two family dwellings permitted from - One and two family dwellings permitted from

August 27August 27thth, 1997 and prior to January 1, 1997 and prior to January 1stst, 2008., 2008.


Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsSixth Edition of the MSBC Sixth Edition of the MSBC

Smoke detectors shall be installed on:Smoke detectors shall be installed on:- In each habitable story of a dwelling unit.- In each habitable story of a dwelling unit.- In each the basement and cellar. - In each the basement and cellar. - In the immediate vicinity of bedrooms.- In the immediate vicinity of bedrooms.-- In all bedrooms.In all bedrooms. - For each 1,200 ft- For each 1,200 ft22 of area or part thereof for any level. of area or part thereof for any level.


Smoke detectors shall be:Smoke detectors shall be:- Interconnected with all other required smoke detectors - Interconnected with all other required smoke detectors

in the dwelling.in the dwelling.- Photoelectric, if located within 20’ of a kitchen or a - Photoelectric, if located within 20’ of a kitchen or a

bathroom containing a tub or shower.bathroom containing a tub or shower.


Smoke detectors shall have:Smoke detectors shall have:- Secondary power supplied from monitored batteries.- Secondary power supplied from monitored batteries.-- The power supplied from a permanently wired The power supplied from a permanently wired

connection to an AC primary source of power.connection to an AC primary source of power.-- The power for single and multiple station smoke The power for single and multiple station smoke

detectors shall be from a single branch circuit which detectors shall be from a single branch circuit which also provides other electrical service to habitable and also provides other electrical service to habitable and occupiable areas.occupiable areas.


Smoke detectors shall have:Smoke detectors shall have:-- The power for a household fire warning systems shall The power for a household fire warning systems shall

be from a dedicated branch circuit or the unswitched be from a dedicated branch circuit or the unswitched portion of a branch circuit also used for power and portion of a branch circuit also used for power and lighting of habitable and occupiable areas.lighting of habitable and occupiable areas.


Two family dwellings that contain common areas Two family dwellings that contain common areas (basements, interior stairways that serve both units) (basements, interior stairways that serve both units) shall also be provided with smoke detectors in the shall also be provided with smoke detectors in the following locations:following locations:

- All common basements.- All common basements.- All common hallways.- All common hallways.- All common stairways.All common stairways.

Each detection device shall cause the operation of an alarm Each detection device shall cause the operation of an alarm that is clearly audible in all bedrooms over background that is clearly audible in all bedrooms over background noise levels with all intervening doors closed.noise levels with all intervening doors closed.

Smoke/Heat Detector RequirementsSmoke/Heat Detector Requirements Seventh Edition MSBCSeventh Edition MSBC

Dwellings permitted January 1Dwellings permitted January 1stst, 2008 and after., 2008 and after.

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Smoke/Heat Detector RequirementsSmoke/Heat Detector Requirements

Seventh Edition of the MSBC:Seventh Edition of the MSBC:- One and two family dwellings permitted from - One and two family dwellings permitted from

January 1January 1stst, 2008., 2008.


Smoke Detector RequirementsSmoke Detector RequirementsSeventh Edition of the MSBC Seventh Edition of the MSBC

Smoke detectors shall be installed:Smoke detectors shall be installed:-- In each bedroom (sleeping area).In each bedroom (sleeping area).

-- Outside each separate bedroom (sleeping area) in the Outside each separate bedroom (sleeping area) in the immediate vicinity of the bedroom (sleeping area).immediate vicinity of the bedroom (sleeping area).

- Near the base of all stairs lead to another occupied - Near the base of all stairs lead to another occupied floor.floor.


Smoke detectors shall be installed:Smoke detectors shall be installed:- On each story, including basements and cellars. In - On each story, including basements and cellars. In

dwellings with split levels and without intervening dwellings with split levels and without intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke detector door between the adjacent levels, a smoke detector installed on the upper level shall suffice for the installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent lower level, provided that the lower level is adjacent lower level, provided that the lower level is less than one full story below the upper level. less than one full story below the upper level.



Smoke detectors shall be:Smoke detectors shall be:- Interconnected with all other required smoke detectors - Interconnected with all other required smoke detectors

in the dwelling.in the dwelling.- Photoelectric, if located within 20’ of a kitchen or a - Photoelectric, if located within 20’ of a kitchen or a

bathroom containing a tub or shower.bathroom containing a tub or shower.- If outside the 20’, it can be a dual detector - If outside the 20’, it can be a dual detector

(photoelectric/ionization).(photoelectric/ionization).- Allowed to be a wireless system as long as the - Allowed to be a wireless system as long as the

system meets NFPA 72.system meets NFPA 72.


Smoke detectors shall have:Smoke detectors shall have:-- The primary power supplied from a permanently The primary power supplied from a permanently

wired connection to an AC primary source of power.wired connection to an AC primary source of power.-- The primary power for single and multiple station The primary power for single and multiple station

smoke detectors shall be from either a dedicated smoke detectors shall be from either a dedicated locked branch circuit or a single branch circuit, which locked branch circuit or a single branch circuit, which also provides other electrical service to a habitable also provides other electrical service to a habitable space.space.


Smoke detectors shall have:Smoke detectors shall have:-- The primary power for a household fire warning The primary power for a household fire warning

systems shall be from a dedicated branch circuit or the systems shall be from a dedicated branch circuit or the unswitched portion of a branch circuit also used for unswitched portion of a branch circuit also used for power and lighting of habitable space.power and lighting of habitable space.

- Secondary power supplied from monitored batteries.- Secondary power supplied from monitored batteries.

Heat Detector RequirementsHeat Detector RequirementsSeventh Edition of the MSBC Seventh Edition of the MSBC

A heat detector shall be installed:A heat detector shall be installed:-- In any integral garage (‘garage under’) or attached In any integral garage (‘garage under’) or attached

garage to the main house.garage to the main house.

For flat ceilings, the single heat detector shall be placed on For flat ceilings, the single heat detector shall be placed on or near the center of the garage ceiling.or near the center of the garage ceiling.

For sloped ceilings having a rise to run greater than 1’ in For sloped ceilings having a rise to run greater than 1’ in 8’, the single heat detector shall be placed in the 8’, the single heat detector shall be placed in the approximate center of the vaulted ceiling but no closer than approximate center of the vaulted ceiling but no closer than 4” to any wall.4” to any wall.

Heat Detector RequirementsHeat Detector RequirementsSeventh Edition of the MSBCSeventh Edition of the MSBC

The heat detector is required to be interconnected to all The heat detector is required to be interconnected to all smoke detectors of the required household fire warning smoke detectors of the required household fire warning system.system.

The required garage heat detector is not required to The required garage heat detector is not required to incorporate audible alarm notification nor is any audible incorporate audible alarm notification nor is any audible notification device required in the garage.notification device required in the garage.


Two family dwellings that contain common areas Two family dwellings that contain common areas (basements, interior stairways that serve both units) shall (basements, interior stairways that serve both units) shall also be provided with smoke detectors in the following also be provided with smoke detectors in the following locations:locations:

- All common basements.- All common basements.- All common hallways.- All common hallways.- All common stairways.All common stairways.

Each detection device shall cause the operation of an alarm Each detection device shall cause the operation of an alarm that is clearly audible in all bedrooms over background that is clearly audible in all bedrooms over background noise levels with all intervening doors closed.noise levels with all intervening doors closed.

MSBC – 7MSBC – 7thth Edition EditionSmoke Detector ExamplesSmoke Detector Examples

Detector ExampleDetector ExampleDwelling built under Seventh Edition MSBCDwelling built under Seventh Edition MSBC



First Floor is approximately 1,700 ftFirst Floor is approximately 1,700 ft22, therefore an additional smoke , therefore an additional smoke detector must be added.detector must be added.



- Heat detector- Heat detector


22ndnd Floor is approx. 1,600 ft Floor is approx. 1,600 ft22. No extra smokes are needed. 5 . No extra smokes are needed. 5 smokes times 1,200 ftsmokes times 1,200 ft22 can cover up to 6,000 ft can cover up to 6,000 ft22 total area. total area.








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Carbon Monoxide Detector Carbon Monoxide Detector Requirements for One and Requirements for One and

Two Family Dwellings Two Family Dwellings

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½ M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½

One and Two Family Dwellings One and Two Family Dwellings Subject to M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½Subject to M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½

Dwellings permitted prior to January 1Dwellings permitted prior to January 1stst, 2008., 2008.

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½

CO alarms required in certain CO alarms required in certain residential structures; regulation; residential structures; regulation;

inspections; enforcement inspections; enforcement

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½

Every dwelling, building or structure, occupied Every dwelling, building or structure, occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes, that: in whole or in part for residential purposes, that:

- Contains fossil-fuel burning equipment; or- Contains fossil-fuel burning equipment; or- Incorporates enclosed parking within its structure - Incorporates enclosed parking within its structure

Shall be equipped by the owner with working, Shall be equipped by the owner with working, approved carbon monoxide alarms in approved carbon monoxide alarms in conformance with the requirements of the board conformance with the requirements of the board of fire prevention regulations.of fire prevention regulations.

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½

The board of fire prevention regulations shall The board of fire prevention regulations shall promulgate such regulations as may be necessary promulgate such regulations as may be necessary to effectuate this section including, but not to effectuate this section including, but not limited to, the type, installation, location, limited to, the type, installation, location, maintenance and inspectional requirements of maintenance and inspectional requirements of carbon monoxide alarms.carbon monoxide alarms.

- 527 CMR 31.00 - 527 CMR 31.00

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½

Every dwelling, building or structure, occupied Every dwelling, building or structure, occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes, shall, in whole or in part for residential purposes, shall, upon sale or transfer of such dwelling, building upon sale or transfer of such dwelling, building or structure, be inspected by the head of the fire or structure, be inspected by the head of the fire department for compliance with the department for compliance with the requirements of this section. requirements of this section.

The head of the fire department shall enforce this The head of the fire department shall enforce this section.section.

M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½

The M.S.B.C. may impose stricter carbon monoxide The M.S.B.C. may impose stricter carbon monoxide alarm requirements for new construction or dwellings, alarm requirements for new construction or dwellings, buildings, or structures substantially renovated so as to buildings, or structures substantially renovated so as to constitute the equivalent of new construction. Every constitute the equivalent of new construction. Every such dwelling building or structure, occupied in whole such dwelling building or structure, occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes, shall, upon sale or or in part for residential purposes, shall, upon sale or transfer of such dwelling, building or structure, be transfer of such dwelling, building or structure, be inspected by the head of the fire department for inspected by the head of the fire department for compliance with the carbon monoxide alarm compliance with the carbon monoxide alarm requirements of the M.S.B.C. in effect on the date of the requirements of the M.S.B.C. in effect on the date of the issuance of the relevant building permit. issuance of the relevant building permit.

527 CMR 31.00 – CO Alarms527 CMR 31.00 – CO Alarms

527 CMR 31.01527 CMR 31.01

Purpose:Purpose:The purpose of 527 CMR 31.00 is to provide minimum The purpose of 527 CMR 31.00 is to provide minimum requirements for the type, installation, location, requirements for the type, installation, location, maintenance, and inspection of carbon monoxide alarms maintenance, and inspection of carbon monoxide alarms in every dwelling, building or structure in accordance in every dwelling, building or structure in accordance with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½. with the provisions of M.G.L. c. 148 s. 26F½.

527 CMR 31.01527 CMR 31.01

Scope:Scope:527 CMR 31.00 shall apply to every dwelling, building or 527 CMR 31.00 shall apply to every dwelling, building or structure including those owned and operated by the structure including those owned and operated by the Commonwealth, occupied in whole or in part for Commonwealth, occupied in whole or in part for residential purposes, that:residential purposes, that:

- Contains fossil-fuel burning equipment; or- Contains fossil-fuel burning equipment; or- Incorporates enclosed parking within its structure.- Incorporates enclosed parking within its structure.

527 CMR 31.02527 CMR 31.02

CO Alarm Protection shall mean CO alarm CO Alarm Protection shall mean CO alarm protection that may consist of either:protection that may consist of either:

(a) battery powered and wireless appliances, or(a) battery powered and wireless appliances, or(b) ac plug-in with battery back up, or(b) ac plug-in with battery back up, or(c) ac primary power source with battery back up, or(c) ac primary power source with battery back up, or(d) low voltage or wireless systems with secondary (d) low voltage or wireless systems with secondary

power, orpower, or(e) Combination Appliance.(e) Combination Appliance.

http://www.fredposner.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/kidde-carbon-monoxide-alarm.jpg

527 CMR 31.02527 CMR 31.02

At a minimum, all such CO Alarm Protection At a minimum, all such CO Alarm Protection equipment shall operate as a Single Station equipment shall operate as a Single Station Alarm Device or Single Station CO Alarm.Alarm Device or Single Station CO Alarm.

527 CMR 31.02527 CMR 31.02

Combination Appliance:Combination Appliance:Shall mean a combination photoelectric smoke detector Shall mean a combination photoelectric smoke detector and CO alarm which may be battery or ac powered with and CO alarm which may be battery or ac powered with battery back up.battery back up.

A combination ionization smoke detector and CO alarm A combination ionization smoke detector and CO alarm may be utilized if it is installed not less than 20’ from may be utilized if it is installed not less than 20’ from any bathroom or kitchen entryway. any bathroom or kitchen entryway.

527 CMR 31.02527 CMR 31.02

Combination Appliance:Combination Appliance:Such Combination Appliances shall employ bothSuch Combination Appliances shall employ bothsimulated voice and tone alarm features which clearly simulated voice and tone alarm features which clearly distinguishes between CO and smoke notification, in distinguishes between CO and smoke notification, in accordance with NFPA 720: 5.3.4.accordance with NFPA 720: 5.3.4.

527 CMR 31.02527 CMR 31.02

Fossil Fuel Burning Equipment:Fossil Fuel Burning Equipment:Any device, apparatus or appliance which is Any device, apparatus or appliance which is designed or used to consume fuel of any kind designed or used to consume fuel of any kind which emits carbon monoxide as a by-product of which emits carbon monoxide as a by-product of combustion.combustion.

527 CMR 31.02527 CMR 31.02

NFPA 720:NFPA 720:Shall mean National Fire Protection Association Shall mean National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 720 entitled “Standard for the Installation of (NFPA) 720 entitled “Standard for the Installation of Carbon Monoxide Warning Equipment in Dwelling Carbon Monoxide Warning Equipment in Dwelling Units”, 2005 Edition.Units”, 2005 Edition.

Note: Although not enforceable by 527 CMR, the Note: Although not enforceable by 527 CMR, the 2009 NFPA 720 has been published.2009 NFPA 720 has been published.

527 CMR 31.03527 CMR 31.03

The installation of CO detectors in accordance with:The installation of CO detectors in accordance with:- 527 CMR 30.00 - Unvented Propane or Natural - 527 CMR 30.00 - Unvented Propane or Natural

Gas-fired Space Heaters; orGas-fired Space Heaters; or- 248 CMR, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts - 248 CMR, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts

Fuel Gas and Plumbing CodeFuel Gas and Plumbing CodeShall satisfy the requirements of 527 CMR 31.00 for Shall satisfy the requirements of 527 CMR 31.00 for that level, provided the installation complies with 527 that level, provided the installation complies with 527 CMR 31.04(1)(a) and (b).CMR 31.04(1)(a) and (b).

527 CMR 31.04527 CMR 31.04

Specific Installation Provisions:Specific Installation Provisions:

Every Residential structure that presently or in the Every Residential structure that presently or in the future contains fossil fuel burning equipment or has future contains fossil fuel burning equipment or has enclosed parking shall be equipped, by the owner, enclosed parking shall be equipped, by the owner, landlord or superintendent, with working and Listed CO landlord or superintendent, with working and Listed CO Alarm Protection.Alarm Protection.

527 CMR 31.04527 CMR 31.04

CO Alarm Protection shall be located:CO Alarm Protection shall be located:- In each level of each dwelling unit.- In each level of each dwelling unit.- Habitable portions of basements, cellars and attics, - Habitable portions of basements, cellars and attics,

but not including crawl spaces.but not including crawl spaces.- - When mounting CO alarm on a level of a dwelling When mounting CO alarm on a level of a dwelling

unit with a sleeping area, the alarm shall be unit with a sleeping area, the alarm shall be installed in the immediate vicinity of the sleeping installed in the immediate vicinity of the sleeping area. The CO alarm shall not exceed 10’ as area. The CO alarm shall not exceed 10’ as measured in any direction from any bedroom door.measured in any direction from any bedroom door.

CO Detector ExampleCO Detector Example

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CO Detector ExampleCO Detector Example

Less than ≤Less than ≤10’10’

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CO Alarm Requirements for One CO Alarm Requirements for One and Two Family Dwellingsand Two Family Dwellings

Dwellings permitted after January 1Dwellings permitted after January 1stst, 2008*., 2008*.

* - Built under the provisions of the MSBC - 7* - Built under the provisions of the MSBC - 7thth Edition. Edition.

http://www.nedmahoney.com/PageLibrary/182/custom/141CountryWayNeedham.php

http://www.nedmahoney.com/PageLibrary/182/custom/68BrentwoodCircle.php

http://www.nedmahoney.com/PageLibrary/182/custom/215ValleyRoadNeedham.php

CO Alarm RequirementsCO Alarm RequirementsSeventh Edition of the MSBC Seventh Edition of the MSBC

Combination Appliance:Combination Appliance:A combination photoelectric smoke detector and CO A combination photoelectric smoke detector and CO alarm appliance which is AC powered with battery alarm appliance which is AC powered with battery backup. Such combination appliance shall employ both backup. Such combination appliance shall employ both simulated voice and tone alarms features which clearly simulated voice and tone alarms features which clearly distinguishes between CO and smoke notification, in distinguishes between CO and smoke notification, in accordance with NFPA 720: 5.3.4.accordance with NFPA 720: 5.3.4.


A CO detector shall be installed on:A CO detector shall be installed on:- On each story of a dwelling unit, including - On each story of a dwelling unit, including

basements and cellars (but not including crawl basements and cellars (but not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics).spaces and uninhabitable attics).

-- When mounting a CO detector on a story with a When mounting a CO detector on a story with a bedroom, the detector shall be located outside bedroom, the detector shall be located outside

the the bedroom. A CO detector shall be bedroom. A CO detector shall be installed no more installed no more than 10’ outside any than 10’ outside any bedroom door.bedroom door.


Carbon monoxide detector required locations set Carbon monoxide detector required locations set forth in 527 CMR 30.00 and 248 CMR must also forth in 527 CMR 30.00 and 248 CMR must also be satisfied.be satisfied.


CO detectors shall be either:CO detectors shall be either:

- Listed, interconnected 120 volt,- Listed, interconnected 120 volt,

- Listed, low-voltage combination system, or- Listed, low-voltage combination system, or

- Listed, wireless system.- Listed, wireless system.

http://www.detectorsandalarms.com/productimages/carbon_monoxide_kidde/kidde_KN-COP-IC_2f.jpg


All CO alarms shall have secondary power All CO alarms shall have secondary power supplied from monitored batteries in accordance supplied from monitored batteries in accordance with NFPA 72.with NFPA 72.

-- For fire alarm control units, the panel battery For fire alarm control units, the panel battery shall serve as the source of secondary shall serve as the source of secondary

power.power.

-- For wireless systems, the panel battery shall For wireless systems, the panel battery shall serve as the source of secondary power.serve as the source of secondary power.


All CO detectors shall be UL 2034 listed or UL 2075 All CO detectors shall be UL 2034 listed or UL 2075 listed.listed.

Required CO detectors are not required to be Required CO detectors are not required to be interconnected to the required household fire warning interconnected to the required household fire warning system, but where interconnection is desired, such CO system, but where interconnection is desired, such CO detectors shall be compatible with the fire detection detectors shall be compatible with the fire detection devices.devices.

Fire alarms shall have precedence over CO alarms.Fire alarms shall have precedence over CO alarms.

MSBC – 7MSBC – 7thth Edition EditionCarbon Monoxide ExamplesCarbon Monoxide Examples




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First Floor is approximately 1,700 ftFirst Floor is approximately 1,700 ft22, therefore an additional smoke , therefore an additional smoke detector must be added.detector must be added.



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22ndnd Floor is approx. 1,600 ft Floor is approx. 1,600 ft22. No extra smokes are needed. 5 . No extra smokes are needed. 5 smokes times 1,200 ftsmokes times 1,200 ft22 can cover up to 6,000 ft can cover up to 6,000 ft22 total area. total area.




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Websites:Websites:

MGL Chapter 148:MGL Chapter 148:

www.mass.gov/legis/laws/mgl/gl-148-toc.htm

Mass. State Fire Code (527 CMR):Mass. State Fire Code (527 CMR):

www.mass.gov/dfswww.mass.gov/dfs

Mass. State Building Code (780 CMR):Mass. State Building Code (780 CMR):

www.mass.gov/dpswww.mass.gov/dps

http://www.mass.gov/legis/laws/mgl/gl-148-toc.htm

Questions?Questions?

Contact Information:Contact Information:

Code Compliance Desk Officer: 978-567-3375Code Compliance Desk Officer: 978-567-3375

Department of Fire ServicesDepartment of Fire Services

Office of the State Fire MarshalOffice of the State Fire Marshal

PO Box 1025PO Box 1025

State RoadState Road

Stow, MA 01775Stow, MA 01775

www.mass.gov/dfswww.mass.gov/dfs

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