SNP Analysis Report for Northwest European A DNA Tribes® 2016-08-27 Introduction DNA Tribes SNP analysis is a proprietary geographical genetic analysis that uses the part of your DNA known as autosomal SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) to identify your Deep Ancestry (ancient ancestry). You have inherited 50% of your autosomal DNA from your paternal and 50% from your maternal ancestors, including genetic signatures from all four of your grandparents and so on. Our Deep Ancestry analysis emphasizes the more ancient genetic links of your genome to ethnic groups (populations) around the world, rather than a more limited search for family relatives or an assessment of recent nationality or ethnicity. Your DNA Tribes SNP report includes the results of a number of robust statistical analyses, each providing a different perspective on your Deep Ancestry: (1) Admixture Analysis is based on DNA Tribes proprietary analysis of world genetic structure; (2) Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) is used to visualize your relative genetic position among continental cores, regional clusters and individual populations; and (3) Total Similarity Analysis compares your genotype directly to individual ethnic groups around the world. • Admixture analyses are based on DNA Tribes proprietary statistical analysis of world genetic structure and identify the combinations of eight continental cores, 53 detailed regional clusters and over 400 individual populations that best match your SNP profile respectively • Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) visualizes your genetic relationship with the continental cores, regional clusters and individual populations identified by DNA Tribes • World genetic grid visualizes the areas around the world where your SNP profile fits best • Total ancestral fit rankings assess how closely your SNP profile matches more than 400 populations in the DNA Tribes reference database when each population is considered independently DNA Tribes is a private, personal genomics and biotechnology company founded in 2006 in Arlington, VA. Our company specializes in genetic ancestry testing, and our products have been featured in articles by the New York Times and Time Magazine. 1
Transcript
SNP Analysis Report for Northwest European A
DNA Tribes®
2016-08-27
Introduction
DNA Tribes SNP analysis is a proprietary geographical genetic analysis that uses the part ofyour DNA known as autosomal SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) to identify your DeepAncestry (ancient ancestry). You have inherited 50% of your autosomal DNA from your paternaland 50% from your maternal ancestors, including genetic signatures from all four of yourgrandparents and so on. Our Deep Ancestry analysis emphasizes the more ancient genetic links ofyour genome to ethnic groups (populations) around the world, rather than a more limited searchfor family relatives or an assessment of recent nationality or ethnicity.
Your DNA Tribes SNP report includes the results of a number of robust statistical analyses, eachproviding a different perspective on your Deep Ancestry: (1) Admixture Analysis is based on DNATribes proprietary analysis of world genetic structure; (2) Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) is usedto visualize your relative genetic position among continental cores, regional clusters and individualpopulations; and (3) Total Similarity Analysis compares your genotype directly to individual ethnicgroups around the world.
• Admixture analyses are based on DNA Tribes proprietary statistical analysis of world genetic structure andidentify the combinations of eight continental cores, 53 detailed regional clusters and over 400 individualpopulations that best match your SNP profile respectively
• Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) visualizes your genetic relationship with the continental cores, regionalclusters and individual populations identified by DNA Tribes
• World genetic grid visualizes the areas around the world where your SNP profile fits best
• Total ancestral fit rankings assess how closely your SNP profile matches more than 400 populations in theDNA Tribes reference database when each population is considered independently
DNA Tribes is a private, personal genomics and biotechnology company founded in 2006 inArlington, VA. Our company specializes in genetic ancestry testing, and our products have beenfeatured in articles by the New York Times and Time Magazine.
This portion of your report summarizes ancestral contributions to your genome from eightcontinental cores identified by DNA Tribes (illustrated in the map below). More specifically, Table 1exhibits the combination of the eight continental cores (expressed in percentages) that most closelymatches your SNP profile. These continental cores reflect the most high-level division of the geneticvariation in the world and will usually result in only one or two continental cores having non-zeromixture percentages for individuals who are of non-mixed heritage. Please keep in mind that yourresults may reflect your family’s recent genealogical ancestry as well as ancient genetic links.
This MDS plot illustrates your geo-genetic relationship with the eight continental cores identifiedby DNA Tribes. Each point in the plot corresponds to a unique individual in the DNA Tribesreference database1, and the MDS plot is a two-dimensional representation of the genetic distancescomputed using 10,000s or 100,000s of SNPs (depending on the testing company sequencing yourraw SNP data). Your genotype’s position is displayed as a red circle in the MDS plot, and yourgenetic make-up is most similar to the continental cores that are close to your position in the plot.
1Note that DNA Tribes reference database contains 10,000s of individuals and the plot contains a representative sample of these individuals.
This portion of your report summarizes ancestral contributions to your genome from 53 regionalgenetic clusters identified by DNA Tribes and illustrated in the map below. More specifically, Table2 exhibits the combination of the regional clusters (expressed in percentages) that most closelymatches your SNP profile. These regional clusters at times include multiple cultures and languagesand can cross perceived boundaries between modern countries and ethnic groups.
Table 2: Your Regional Cluster Mixture
Regional Cluster Mixture
Northwest European 44.2%Iberian 23%
Balto - North Slavic 22.6%Basque 4.9%Finnish 3.1%Andean 1.2%Other 1%
This MDS plot illustrates your geo-genetic relationship with the 53 regional clusters identified byDNA Tribes. Each point in the plot corresponds to a unique individual in the DNA Tribes referencedatabase2, and the MDS plot is a two-dimensional representation of the genetic distancescomputed using 10,000s or 100,000s of SNPs (depending on the testing company sequencing yourraw SNP data). Your genotype’s position is displayed as a red circle in the MDS plot, and yourgenetic make-up is most similar to the regional clusters that are close to your position in the plot.
2Note that DNA Tribes reference database contains 10,000s of individuals and the plot is a representative sample of these individuals.
Population Admixture: Native and Jewish Populations
This portion of your report summarizes the results of admixture analysis for identifying potentialcontributions to your genome from individual native3 and Jewish populations around the world.Table 3 lists the combination of native and Jewish populations (expressed in percentages) thatmost closely matches your SNP profile. These results do not necessarily indicate percentages ofrecent family ancestors from each country or ethnic group listed, but instead express the closestgenetic fit for your genome using SNP markers.
Table 3: Your Population Mixture
Population Mixture
Ireland 53.2%Lithuania 20.3%
Galicia Spain 17.6%Basque Spain 3.8%
Denmark 0.4%Basque France 0.3%
Latvia 0.3%Orkney Islands Scotland 0.3%
Wichi 0.2%Sweden 0.2%Other 3.4%
3DNA Tribes classifies as native populations that have neither migrated nor mixed in recent history (approximately the past 500 years).
Iterative Population Admixture: Native and Jewish Populations
This portion of your report lists additional combinations of all native and Jewish populations in ourreference database that closely fit your ancestral composition. More specifically, the topcontributing population from the previous iteration is excluded in the current iteration and theprocess is repeated and summarized eight times. The iterative population mixture approach showsthat some populations are close substitutes, and your genome can be accurately approximatedusing different combinations. That is, it is difficult to attribute your genomic make-up to a single,specific combination of populations; rather, it can be summarized using different combinations.
The table below summarizes the absolute and relative divergences from your genome exhibited bythe iterative population combinations.
Table 4: Your Divergence Scores for Iterative Mixture Results
Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS): Native and Jewish Populations
This plot illustrates your geo-genetic relationship with native and Jewish populations identified ashaving some of the largest contributions in your iterative population mixture analyses. Unlike theMDS plots for Continental Cores and Regional Clusters, the population MDS plot aggregates allindividuals from the same population into a single point on the plot to reduce the amount ofvariability inherent within any population. Your genotype’s position is displayed as a red circle inthe MDS plot, and your genetic make-up is most similar to the populations that are close to yourposition in the plot.
This portion of your report shows the geographical distribution of your ancestral composition basedon native populations in our database. Locations on the grid that are genetically most similar to youare mapped in red; locations that are substantially dissimilar to you are mapped in blue. The colorsin between red and blue visualize the strength of your relationship to specific geographical areas ofthe world.
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to European populations in ourdatabase when each population is considered independently. Each population on the map islabeled with a number expressing its ranking among your population matches.
Table 5: Your Population Matches: Europe
Rank Population Map Area
2 Ireland Europe3 Argyll and Bute Scottish Highlands Europe4 Cornwall West Britain Europe6 Netherlands Europe7 England Europe8 Sweden Europe9 Germany Europe10 France Europe11 Slovenia Europe12 Belgium Europe13 Orkney Islands Scotland Europe14 Czech Europe15 Norway Europe18 Spain Europe19 Slovakia Europe20 Denmark Europe21 Bergamo Italy Europe22 Finland Europe23 Poland Europe24 Hungary Europe26 Estonia Europe
27 Galicia Spain Europe29 Basque France Europe30 Russia Voronezh Europe31 Latvia Europe32 Lithuania Europe33 Russia General Europe34 Russia Smolensk Europe35 Croatia Europe36 Moldavia Europe37 Russia Oryol Europe38 Mordvin Europe39 Ukraine General Europe41 Russia Tver Europe42 Portugal Europe43 Serbia Europe44 Tuscany Italy Europe45 Russia Kursk Europe46 Belarus Europe47 Russia Pinega Europe48 Andalusia Spain Europe50 Russia Vologda Europe51 Italy General Europe52 Gagauz Moldova Europe53 Lapland Europe54 Bosnia Europe55 Ukraine Western Europe56 Russia Kostroma Europe57 Karelian Europe58 Vepsas Europe59 Tatarstan Europe62 Kryashens Christianized Tatars Europe63 Romania Europe64 Macedonia Europe65 Basque Spain Europe66 Komi Europe67 Bulgaria Europe68 Montenegro Europe72 Sardinia Europe73 Abruzzo Italy Europe74 Western Sicily Europe75 Eastern Sicily Europe76 Thessaly Greece Europe84 Chuvash Russian Federation Europe89 Kosovo Europe90 Southern Italy Europe94 Greece Macedonia Region Europe95 Greece Peleponnesse Region Europe108 Agrigento Sicily Europe110 Central Greece Europe117 Greece General Europe130 Udmurts Europe136 Central Sicily Europe
Total Ancestral Fit: Caucasus Mountains Populations
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to Caucasus Mountains populationsin our database when each population is considered independently. Each population on the map islabeled with a number expressing its ranking among your population matches.
Table 6: Your Population Matches: Caucasus Mountains
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to Middle Eastern populations inour database when each population is considered independently. Each population on the map islabeled with a number expressing its ranking among your population matches.
Table 7: Your Population Matches: Middle East
Rank Population Map Area
115 Turkish Cyprus Middle East116 Cyprus Middle East129 Iraq Middle East138 Syria Middle East141 Druze Israel Carmel Middle East144 Kurdish Middle East145 Lebanese Muslim Middle East146 Lebanese Druze Middle East147 Assyrian Middle East148 Palestinian Israel Middle East149 Lebanese Christian Middle East156 Iran Middle East157 Jordan Middle East161 Samaritan Middle East162 Egyptian Copt Middle East164 Arabs UAE Middle East166 Lebanon General Middle East169 Arab Qatar Middle East172 Egyptian Middle East175 Qatar General Middle East
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to African populations in ourdatabase when each population is considered independently. Each population on the map islabeled with a number expressing its ranking among your population matches.
Table 8: Your Population Matches: Africa
Rank Population Map Area
137 North Morocco Africa140 Morocco Africa158 Libya Africa159 Algeria Africa185 Tunisia Africa192 Saharawi Africa194 Mozabite Algeria Mzab Africa222 South Morocco Africa255 Tigray Ethiopia Africa257 Amhara Ethiopia Africa264 Afar Ethiopia Africa265 Ethiopia General Africa270 Oromo Ethiopia Africa288 Somalia Africa296 Somali Ethiopia Africa315 Wolayta Ethiopia Africa382 Maasai Kenya Africa384 Ari Cultivator Ethiopia Africa385 Vezo Madagascar Africa386 Fulani Nigeria Africa
388 Temoro Madagascar Africa390 Mikea Madagascar Africa393 Hema East Central Africa Africa394 Sandawe Tanzania Africa395 Tanzania Africa397 Ari Blacksmith Ethiopia Africa398 Herero South Africa Africa400 Khomani San Askham South Africa Africa402 Nama Khoe Windhoek Namibia Africa403 Gumuz Ethiopia Africa404 Bantu Kenya Africa405 Bulala Chad Africa406 Luhya Kenya Africa407 Kaba Chad Africa408 Mada Cameroon Africa409 Brong Africa410 South Sudanese Africa411 Anuak Ethiopia Africa412 Bamoun Cameroon Africa413 Hausa Nigeria Africa415 Igbo Nigeria Africa416 Bambara West Africa Africa417 Dogon West Africa Africa418 Mandenka Senegal Africa419 Yoruba Nigeria Africa420 Ovambo South Africa Africa421 Yembe Africa422 Nguni South Africa Africa423 Alur East Central Africa Africa424 Bantu South Africa Africa425 Khwe San Caprivi Southern Africa Africa426 Congo Africa427 Khomani San South Africa Africa428 Hadza Tanzania Africa429 Pedi South Africa Africa430 Fang Cameroon Africa431 Xhosa Africa432 Herero Namibia Africa433 Karretjie San Colesberg South Africa Africa434 Sotho South Africa Africa435 San Namibia Africa436 Tswana South Africa Africa437 Aka Central African Republic Africa438 Xun San Menongue Angola Africa439 Mbuti East Central Africa Africa440 Kung Kalahari Desert Africa441 Gui and Gana San Botswana Africa442 Juoansi San Tsumkwe Namibia Africa
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to East Asian populations in ourdatabase when each population is considered independently. Each population on the map islabeled with a number expressing its ranking among your population matches.
Table 9: Your Population Matches: East Asia
Rank Population Map Area
180 Spiti Speakers in Kashmir India East Asia219 Uyghur China East Asia268 Malay East Asia284 Burmanese East Asia285 Temuan Speakers in Malaysia East Asia289 Monguor China East Asia290 Mentawai Indonesia East Asia291 Negrito in Kedah Malaysia East Asia293 Batak Karo Indonesia East Asia294 Batak Toba Indonesia East Asia295 Negrito in Perak Malaysia East Asia297 Malay in Negri Sembilan Malaysia East Asia298 Malay in Kelantan Malaysia East Asia299 Karen Thailand East Asia300 Tibet East Asia301 Lawa Thailand East Asia302 Korea East Asia305 Thailand East Asia308 Tai Yong Thailand East Asia309 Cambodia East Asia
310 Malay Singapore East Asia316 Javanese Indonesia East Asia317 Jiamao China East Asia318 Jiangsu China East Asia319 Naxi China East Asia321 Iban Borneo East Asia324 Filipino Philippines East Asia325 Dayak Indonesia East Asia326 Zhuang China East Asia327 Vietnam East Asia328 Ryukyuan Japan East Asia331 Chinese Minnan Speakers in Taiwan East Asia332 Han Beijing China East Asia333 Japanese East Asia334 Miao China East Asia335 Agta Philippines East Asia338 Tai Khuen Thailand East Asia340 Yi China East Asia341 Philippines General East Asia342 Hmong China East Asia343 Han Southern China East Asia344 Chinese Hakka Speakers in Taiwan East Asia345 Mon Thailand East Asia347 Plang Thailand East Asia349 Tujia China East Asia350 Mlabri Thailand East Asia351 Iraya Philippines East Asia352 Jinuo China East Asia354 Atayal Taiwan East Asia355 Hmong Miao Thailand East Asia356 Bidayuh Malaysia East Asia357 Tai Lue Thailand East Asia358 Tai Yuan Thailand East Asia359 Ami Taiwan East Asia361 Dai China East Asia362 Ayta Philippines East Asia363 Malay Indonesia East Asia364 Yao Thailand East Asia365 Ati Philippines East Asia366 Paluang Thailand East Asia367 Mamanwa Philippines East Asia368 Lahu China East Asia369 Htin Thailand East Asia370 She China East Asia372 Minanubu Philippines East Asia373 Wa East Asia378 Taiwan East Asia381 Naga India East Asia383 Alorese Indonesia East Asia
Total Ancestral Fit: Oceanian and South Malay ArchipelagoPopulations
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to South Malay Archipelagopopulations in our database when each population is considered independently. Each populationon the map is labeled with a number expressing its ranking among your population matches.
Table 10: Your Population Matches: Oceania and South MalayArchipelago
Rank Population Map Area
314 Sunda Indonesia Oceania322 Kambera Indonesia Oceania330 Maluku Islands Oceania337 Manggarai Indonesia Oceania339 Lamaholot Indonesia Oceania371 Toraja Indonesia Oceania377 Lembata Indonesia Oceania379 Samoa Oceania380 Tonga Oceania387 Melanesian Bougainville Oceania399 Papuan New Guinea Oceania
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to North Asian populations in ourdatabase when each population is considered independently. Each population on the map islabeled with a number expressing its ranking among your population matches.
Table 11: Your Population Matches: North Asia
Rank Population Map Area
79 Yaghnobi North Asia80 Tajik Rushan North Asia92 Tajik Shugnan North Asia96 Tajik Ishkashim North Asia120 Tajik North Asia151 Bashkir North Asia160 Turkmen North Asia163 Russia Urals North Asia168 Uzbek Central Asia North Asia187 Karakalpaks North Asia199 Hazara Pakistan North Asia213 Kazakh North Asia220 Yukaghir Russian Federation North Asia229 Kyrgyz North Asia235 Selkup Russian Federation North Asia247 Khakas North Asia256 Altai Russian Federation North Asia263 Mongol Mongolia North Asia267 Ket Russian Federation North Asia269 Buryat China North Asia
276 Tuvinians Russian Federation North Asia277 Buryat Russian Federation North Asia281 Chukchi Russian Federation North Asia282 Dolgan Russian Federation North Asia283 Xibo China North Asia286 Mongola China North Asia287 Shors North Asia304 Daur China North Asia306 Nganasan Russian Federation North Asia307 Oroqen China North Asia311 Yakut Siberia North Asia312 Hezhen China North Asia320 Evenk Russian Federation North Asia375 Even North Asia376 Koryak Russian Federation North Asia414 Nivkh North Asia
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to South Asian populations in ourdatabase when each population is considered independently. Each population on the map islabeled with a number expressing its ranking among your population matches.
Table 12: Your Population Matches: South Asia
Rank Population Map Area
152 Pashtun Afghanistan South Asia165 Pashtun Pakistan South Asia170 Brahui Pakistan South Asia171 Kshatriya Uttar Pradesh India South Asia173 Burusho Pakistan South Asia174 Brahmin Tamil Nadu India South Asia177 Kalash Pakistan South Asia178 Balochi Pakistan South Asia179 Makrani Pakistan South Asia181 Brahmin Uttar Pradesh India South Asia184 Hindi Speakers in Haryana India South Asia186 Pahari Speakers in Uttaranchal India South Asia188 Arain Punjab Pakistan South Asia189 Sindhi Pakistan South Asia190 Punjab India South Asia191 Kashmir India South Asia193 Gujarat India South Asia196 Dharkar India South Asia197 Scheduled Caste Uttar Pradesh India South Asia198 Muslim Uttar Pradesh India South Asia
200 Hindi Speakers in Rajasthan India South Asia201 Brahmin Andhra Pradesh India South Asia202 Brahmin Uttaranchal India South Asia203 Tharu India South Asia205 Bhili Speakers in Rajasthan India South Asia207 Hindi Speakers in Uttar Pradesh India South Asia210 Meena India South Asia211 Meghawal India South Asia212 Kanjar India South Asia214 Velama India South Asia215 Kol India South Asia216 Scheduled Caste Tamil Nadu India South Asia217 Dalit Tamil Nadu India South Asia218 Chamar India South Asia221 Lambadi India South Asia223 Dusadh India South Asia224 Nepal South Asia225 Irula South India South Asia226 Chenchu India South Asia227 Marathi Speakers in Maharastha India South Asia228 Hakkipikki India South Asia230 Madiga Andhra Pradesh India South Asia231 North Kannadi India South Asia232 Mala Andhra Pradesh India South Asia233 Piramalai Kallar India South Asia234 Gond India South Asia236 Sri Lanka South Asia238 Sakilli India South Asia240 Bengali India South Asia241 Kurumba India South Asia242 Nihali India South Asia243 Asur Jharkand India South Asia244 Kurmi India South Asia248 Mawasi India South Asia249 Bangladesh South Asia254 Telugu Speakers in Andhra Pradesh India South Asia259 Pulliyar India South Asia260 Ho Bihar India South Asia261 Savara Orissa India South Asia262 Juang Orissa India South Asia271 Khasi Meghalaya India South Asia272 Dhurwa India South Asia273 Paniya India South Asia275 Bonda Orissa India South Asia278 Gadaba Orissa India South Asia303 Garo Meghalaya India South Asia336 Kharia Chattishgarh India South Asia353 Bhunjia India South Asia
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to Native American populations inour database when each population is considered independently. Each population on the map islabeled with a number expressing its ranking among your population matches.
Table 13: Your Population Matches: Native Americans
Rank Population Map Area
82 Mexico General Native American99 Western Greenland Native American105 Aleut Alaska Native American109 Ecuador Native American204 Peru Native American237 Native American USA Native American239 Pueblo Native American250 Maya Guatemala Native American251 Eastern Greenland Native American252 Athabaskan Native American253 Totonac Mexico Native American258 Maya Mexico Native American274 Calchaqui Native American279 Colla Native American292 Aymara La Paz Bolivia Native American313 Pima Mexico Native American346 Wichi Native American360 Amerindian Colombia Native American374 Karitiana Brazil Native American391 Surui Brazil Native American
This portion of your report ranks the similarity of your genome to Diasporic populations in ourdatabase when each population is considered independently. Diasporic populations includemodern ethnic groups that have migrated or mixed in recent history (approximately the past 500years). Each population on the map is labeled with a number expressing the ranking among yourworld population matches.
Table 14: Your Population Matches: Diasporic Populations
Rank Population Diaspora Type
1 Caucasian New Zealand and Australia Diaspora5 European American Diaspora16 Romani Europe Diaspora17 Canary Islands Diaspora25 Cuba Diaspora28 Mestizo Diaspora40 Brazil Diaspora49 Puerto Rico Diaspora60 Ashkenazi Jewish Europe General Jewish Diaspora61 Ashkenazi Jewish Nertherlands Jewish Diaspora69 Colombia Diaspora70 Costa Rica Diaspora71 Ashkenazi Jewish Romania Jewish Diaspora77 Ashkenazi Jewish Belarus Jewish Diaspora78 Algerian Jewish Jewish Diaspora81 Mexican American Los Angeles CA Diaspora83 Sephardic Jewish General Jewish Diaspora85 Dominican Republic Diaspora86 Italian Jewish Jewish Diaspora91 Sephardic Jewish Turkey Jewish Diaspora97 Persian Qatar Diaspora98 Ashkenazi Jewish Latvia Jewish Diaspora
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