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Housekeeping
• Sorry I’ve was away yesterday. • What did you think about Modern Times?• Essays and Tests are being corrected still. I will
have them back soon. • Sorry it’s taking so long
Quick Review
• We’ve talked about the development of Classic Liberalism and Laissez-Faire Capitalism.
• People rejected it with Socialism and Classical Conservatism, the rise of unions, luddites, chartist, etc…
• It responded with welfare capitalism, among other things.
• From that we see the development of Modern Liberalism.
Quick review
• Under Communism, who overthrows who?• What did Owen do?• Why was Marx so important?• What is Democratic Socialism? Why is this
what we call Canada?
Communism as a rebellion for Liberalism• We’ve seen how liberalism (Specifically
Classical Liberalism) effected the workers (Proletariat).
• Why would some people hang on to the ideas of Marx and want a move to communism?
Russian Revolution
• By the 1800’s Russia was far less industrialized then the rest of Europe.
• People farmed only what was needed to survive (Subsistence Farming).
• Presents were poor and worked for rich landowners.
• The Russian Czar had complete control over all aspects of Russian Life.
Nature of Totalitarian Regimes
• Radical: such as the Soviet Union, a move towards the left of the economic spectrum.
• Classless society with state control of the economy.
• Complete Rejection of economic traditions.
Russia
• The workers suffered under classic liberalism.• In January 1905 the workers went to the
palace of the czar to demand better working conditions.
• In a typical power fashion, the government gunned downed the peaceful protesters in what would become bloody Sunday.
Russian Revolution
• The dissatisfaction with the government and unrest grew until the 1917 Russian Revolution.
• The revolution was a reaction to the Czar controlled free-market system.
• The Boshelviks (Lenin’s party) soon began the movement to take over the country.
Communism
• An Ideology in which the oppressed workers must overthrow the oppressors.
• Develop a classless society.• Work for the common good. • Collectivist. • Public Property. • Once people have control, government is no
longer needed.
Communism
• The difference between Communism and Socialism is the idea of radical change as opposed to democratic change.
• Different forms of communism have formed. • Marxism, Leninism, Stalinism, etc…
Marx Vs. Communism
• Marx felt the idea of socialist utopia was best.• However, the communism we know in the 20th
century got control with a strong government.
The most famous communist state
• In the 1900’s and lasted until the 90’s.• Russia’s movement led to the formation of the
Soviet Union. • A Socialist State with different republics under
a common communist government.
Rise of Socialism
• Russia was late to join the IR.• Because of this is experienced a rush of
development. • This led to incredibly wealthy upper class and
a massive income gap.
The Iskra (Spark)
• The Russian people formed the SDLP.• Socialist Democratic Liberal Party.• This included Lenin and Stalin. • The czar banned this party and exiled its
members.
Bloody Sunday
• In 1905 people stormed the palace for bread and better working conditions.
• They were met with czar guards and gun fire.• This led to massive strikes and eventually to
the 1917 revolution.
Rise of Leninism
• After the revolution Czar Nicholas II abdicated. • The new interim government soon had
conflict due to continued effort in WW1 and lack of rights for peasants.
• Lenin’s party, the Bolsheviks, soon had enough support to take power.
Lenin
• Lenin and the party soon established a new government.
• Based on Lenin’s understanding of Marxism. • Called Leninism.
Leninsim
• the theory and practice of the dictatorship of the proletariat, led by a revolutionary vanguard party.
• Theoretically, Leninism comprises the political and socialist economic theories of Vladimir Lenin.
Lenin
• Imposed government condole of business, politics, and society.
• Felt that revolution, even violence, was necessary in order to secure peace.
• Many fought against Lenin so Lenin began the “Red Terror”.
Red Terror
• the campaign of mass arrests and executions conducted by the Bolshevik government.
• 800 alleged enemies had been shot and another 6,229 imprisoned.
• Casualties in the first two months were between 10,000 and 15,000
Civil War
• Russia soon broke into a civil war between the Red Army and the White Army (supported by anti-communist countries).
• Such as Canada and USA.• By 1922, other countries joined Russia and
formed the USSR.
Effect on people
• Land was given to people.• Factories were given to workers.• Equality.
Unless, he didn’t like you!
Famine
• Lenin would use starvation, Poverty, and force to ensure that people followed him.
• Most notable the Ukrainian Famine..
• This came to an abrupt end with Stalin’s death in 1924 from a stroke.