Societal benefits from mining and metallurgy:
Nickel example
Mark Mistry
Joint International
Study Groups
Seminar
April 25th, 2012
Lisbon
Baseline
2
• Nickel mining and metallurgy are at the begin of highly important value chains
• Nickel production processes and sites are often far away from civil society
• Nickel is all around in daily life – but this is not well known
• Concerns related to nickel are known and widely communicated
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
Challenge
3
• Society, some authorities & other stakeholders do not know benefits and contributions of nickel industry and its value chains
→ Environment
→ Economics
→ Social
• Challenge to bridge the gap between industry and stakeholders
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
Hot co communicate benefits?
4
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
1. Demonstrate benefits from nickel value chain
2. Show benefits from nickel and nickel containing products
3. Show importance of nickel and nickel containing products
Benefits from Value Chain: Socio-Economic Analysis
5
• Nickel Institute invested in 2004 (and 2008) into a socio-economic analysis
• Aim: visualize nickel value chain and its importance
• Investigation was conducted for EU to respond to regulatory challenges
• Data for some other markets were also collected, but of different quality
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
Benefits from Value Chain: SEA - Employment in EU
6
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
Nickel-dependent employment in the European Union, 2004
Value –chain Component Direct Employment (where nickel is
produced or converted into value-
added products)
Multiplier effect employment
(support industries from legal
to trucking to advertizing)
Total
Employment
Production and recycling of nickel:
mining, refining, scrap collection and
preparation
16,000 7,000 23,000
“First use” of nickel: production of
alloys and chemicals
75,000 60,000 185,000
Intermediate products and services:
fabricators, surface finishers, stockists
50,000
“End-use”: nickel and nickel alloys in
heavy engineering, chemical works,
consumer goods
330,000 150,000 480,000
Grand total
688,000
[1] Weinberg Socio-Economic Analysis of the EU Nickel Value Chain, Data from 2004
• Nickel value chain in Europe is linked to 690,000 jobs (2004)
• 3-4% of total manufacturing employment in EU
Benefits from Value Chain: Value Added (EU)
7
• Total value-added by the nickel industry estimated to be 40 billion €.
• Total value-added is estimated to be of the order of 80-100 billion €.
• Salaries and wages account to >20 billion €
• Investment in R&D around 2 billion € (equals 2% of annual business R&D business expenditure in EU)
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
Benefits from Value Chain: Taxes, Wages (EU)
8
• Nickel industry & narrow value chain account for substantial tax revenues:
• Employees and employers pay 10 billion € employment taxes (income taxes and social charges)
• Companies pay an additional net 4 billion € in sales taxes
• Companies also pay corporation tax and other local taxes.
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
Stainless steel61%
Nickel alloys9%
Plating13%
Other17%
Benefits from Nickel Products: Properties & Uses
9
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
High melting point, 1453ºC
Adherent oxide film
Corrosion and heat resistant alloys
Strength
Ductile
Alloys readily - as solute and solvent
Magnetic at room temperature
Deposited by electroplating
Catalytic
Electrochemical properties
→ Higher efficiency
→ Better functionality
→ Longer life time
→ Less maintenance
→ Lower material intensity
Benefits from Nickel Products: LCA´s
10
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
Life Cycle Assessments demonstrate impacts and benefits of nickel use throughout the whole life cycle
Batteries / Vehicles
Building products
…
Main Nickel
benefits occur during use phase
Longer life time
Less maintenance
Durability
From: www.nickelinstitute,org/mediathek
Benefits from Nickel Products: Recyclability
11
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel Nickel is 100% recyclable
Due to its high economic value, nickel is a driver to collect nickel containing products
Recycling efficiencies are >60% amongst the highest in the metals industry
Recycling = energy savings, prevents resource depletion and landfilling
Yale University work on nickel stocks and flows is supported to provide regular updates
Benefits from Nickel Products: Political agenda
12
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
Show contributions and importance of nickel value chain in political agenda
Show that nickel will be relevant for addressing global challenges
Example: Importance of Nickel for achieving a low carbon economy
From: Kleijn R, et al., Metal requirements of low-carbon power generation, Energy (2011),
doi:10.1016/j.energy.2011.07.003
Benefits from Nickel Products: Nickel in Society
13
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel
Brochure that shows nickel in daily use
Demonstrates benefits of nickel use throughout whole life cycle
Shows how nickel is contributing to societal needs
Can be downloaded from Nickel Institute web site in 7 different languages:
http://nickelinstitute.org/MediaCentre/Publications/NickelInSociety.aspx
Outlook
14
28
58.693
Ni
Nickel Communication of achievements
is of key importance
We need to continue our communication efforts
Transparency & provision of data throughout life cycle will be key
The Nickel value chain and its products is contributing to sustainability
Nickel is part of the solution!
Societal benefits from mining and metallurgy:
Nickel case study
Mark Mistry
Joint International
Study Groups
Seminar
April 25th, 2012
Lisbon