IoTSec.no Meeting Halden, 23-24Apr2019
Societal Security - Towards Trusted and Innovative Society
Josef Noll, Professor, University of Oslo, Department of Technology Systems
Secretary General, Basic Internet Foundation Kjeller, Norway, m: +47 9083 8066, e: [email protected]
http://IoTSec.no
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Outline
! Mobile development ➡ From Network development ➡ To Societal Empowerment
! Societal Trust ➡ IoT devices and challenges ➡ People empowerment
! Privacy, Internet and net-neutrality ➡ IT-industry
! Discussion !2
“The last time I was connected by wire was at birth”
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Grand Challenges! Grand Challenges
➡ Climate ➡ Resources (radio, minerals)
‣ Kobald (East - DR Congo) ➡ Divide
! Digitisation ➡ Mobile Networks ➡ IoT ➡ Automation ➡ …
!
!3
“Internet
had the a
bility to
dismantle
the divid
e.
Internet f
ailed mise
rably, the
divide is b
igger tha
n ever.”
Kate Gilm
ore, Hum
an Rights
, UNO
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
The challenge from automation
!4
7 %
14 %
16 %
12 % 17 %
16 %
18 %
Predictable physical work Data processingData collection Unpredictable physical workStakeholder interactions Applying ExpertiseManaging others
Predictable
physical work
Data
processing
Data
collection
Unpredictable
physical workStakeholder
interaction
Applying
expertise
Managing
others
0 %
20 %
40 %
60 %
80 %
9 %
18 %20 %25 %
64 %69 %
78 %Technical automation potential 2016 [%]USA work force time spent [%]
[Source: McKinsey, 2016]
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
IoT - 10 x impact of Internet
!5
Utilities
Security
Automotive Transport
Healthcare
Gov., retail, financial services
[Source: Analysys Mason 2011]
Commercial & Consumer M2M Device Connections Worldwide 2020
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Trust in Home Services
!6[Source: Morshedi et al., Building Trustable Remote Monitoring and Management Systems, 2018]
“Trust is th
e solid be
lief in
the reliab
ility, truth
, or ability
of someo
ne or som
ething.”
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Managed Service
!7[Source: Morshedi et al., Building Trustable Remote Monitoring and Management Systems, 2018]
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
6G: Digitisation of the Society! 1G-3G: Speed, flexibility ! 3G-4G: Service view ! 5G: Industrial
➡ Business challenges ➡ ownership
! 6G: Societal ➡ sustainability
!8
1970 1980 1990 2010
Services & Society
[adapted from Per Hjalmar Lehne, Telenor, 2000]
2000 2020
1G
3G
2G
Mobile telephony
Mobile telephony, SMS, FAX, Data
Web, Multimedia, Communications
Mobile broadband services
NMT
GSM
UMTS
4G LTE
....5GIndustrial challenges, IoT
6G
2030
Sustainability, SDGs Societal challenges
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
! enhances Mobile Broadband
! massive IoT
! ultra Reliable, Low Latency communication
!9
[source: Nokia https://networks.nokia.com/5g/get-ready]
URLLCmIoT
eMBB5G: Industrial Challenges
https://networks.nokia.com/5g/get-ready
“Societal Security and Trust” Apr2019, Josef NollBasicInternet.org @Basic4all
5G network slicing for Free Access to Information for All
!10
Communication, Internet, Entertainment
Automation, Manufacturing, Retail
Autonomous systemsHealth/MedicalAlarm, Infrastructure
Information (text & pictures)
Mobile Broadband
Massive IoT
Reliable & ultra-low latency
5G Networking
Software-enabled routing
Free access to informationfor all
0 1 0 11 0 0 10 1 0 0
URLLCmIoT
eMBB
http://BasicInternet.orgttps://twitter.com/@Basic4all
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
6Genesis.com by Oulu University! Lighthouse project in Finland
➡ 251 M€ funded ! Goals
➡ Support industry in finalization of 5G ➡ Develop the fundamental technology
needed to enable 6G ➡ Speed up digitalization in society
! Focus on Sustainable Development ➡ FI, SE, NO, DK academic collaboration
!11
http://6Genesis.comhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6ubRoZCeVw
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
The change of Business Models
!12
➡ Car industry: Liability in IoT driven business models ➡ Energy: Cost of providing of Energy -> Cost of Reliable Network ➡ Telecom: uO (MicroOperator), Partnership
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust !13
http://www.scmagazine.com/iot-security-forcing-business-model-changes-panel-says/article/448668/
http://www.scmagazine.com/iot-security-forcing-business-model-changes-panel-says/article/448668/http://www.scmagazine.com/iot-security-forcing-business-model-changes-panel-says/article/448668/
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Privacy in IoT
!14
➡ Privacy: All our data to IT companies? ➡
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Instantaneous and high-resolution! HAN Port
➡ energy usage ➡ online monitoring (1/s … 1/min)
! Typical Norway ➡ Power (every 2.5s) ➡ Current (every 10s) ➡ Voltage (every 10s)
! Connected devices ! Security
➡ physical security, encryption
!15
HAN Port
AMS HAN port (NEK) https://www.nek.no/info-ams-han-brukere/
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Meter analysis - knowledge about you! Security
➡ (unencrypted) wireless data ➡ Cloud computing ➡ “is my HAN port open?”
! Information & control ➡ energy saving (water heater) ➡ load control ➡ Fridge, freezer, heat pump,… ➡ usage pattern, “door is open” ➡ “which TV channel do you watch” (every 2s)
!16
http://nilmworkshop.org/2018/proceedings/Poster_ID17.pdf
https://www.cnet.com/news/researchers-find-smart-meters-could-reveal-favorite-tv-shows/
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
“Amazon Echo” in your smart meter! Amazon/Google/Apple home control
➡ works on your command
! “Amazon HAN connect” ➡ works all the time ➡ brings all your information to the cloud
!17
Amazon Echo/Alexa
Google Home/Nest
Apple Home Kit
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Comparison with the Mobile Network! Facebook’s Free Basics
➡ 0-rated content (free usage) ➡ 3-months break even
! The con’s of Free Basics ➡ every click goes to Facebook ➡ Net-neutrality
! HAN port ➡ who owns my power consumption? ➡ cloud analysis?
!18
Premier Minister Narendra Modi (India)
“no to Free Basics”
we have been colonised once
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Towards Measurable Privacy - Privacy Labelling! “Measure, what you can measure - Make
measurable, what you can’t measure” - Galileo ! Privacy today
➡ based on lawyer terminology ➡ 250.000 words on app terms
and conditions ! Privacy tomorrow
➡ A++: sharing with no others ➡ A: … ➡ C: sharing with ….
! The Privacy label for apps and devices
!19
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
The economic perspective! The big 5 IT companies have a GDP as big as that of
France ! Amazon largest sector in terms of revenue is selling of data
➡ 20% of revenue
● How can SMEs compete? ➡ Each service and device gets a privacy label
• Four areas for Privacy Label ➡ which data are collected ➡ sharing to my phone, my cloud, public cloud,... ➡ data communication integrity and storage ➡ further distribution of data, ownership of data, further processing
!20
privacylabel.IoTSec.no
Privacy Label (A-F) • easy visibility • customer focus • transparent
http://privacylabel.IoTSec.no
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Digitalisation of the Society
!21
Source: EU commission(2015)
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Trustability, Trust labels! Declaration of what can be/is
monitored ➡ Purpose ➡ minimised collection//prove ➡ interval for collection of data
! Storage and law enforcement ➡ data center location// responsibility ➡ in-house vs third party ➡ law enforecement ➡ data backup and destruction plan ➡ data protection methods
! Access to monitoring data and configuration ➡ industry grade access control
mechanisms ➡ record data from access control ➡ minimize configuring for attack
avoidance ! Security and privacy measures
➡ transmission encryption ➡ multi-factor cloud authentication ➡ PKI secure devices and communications
!22
“Societal Security and Trust” Apr2019, Josef NollBasicInternet.org @Basic4all
Telecom view on digital inclusion
!23
?Addressable Market
#5Gfor A
ll?
“Internet
had the a
bility to
dismantle
the divid
e.
Internet f
ailed mise
rably, the
divide is b
igger tha
n ever.”
Kate Gilm
ore, Hum
an Rights
, UNO
Source: Service Innovation through Smart Networks, Ericsson, https://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/networks/documents/service-innovation-through-smart-networks.pdf
http://BasicInternet.orgttps://twitter.com/@Basic4allhttps://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/networks/documents/service-innovation-through-smart-networks.pdfhttps://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/networks/documents/service-innovation-through-smart-networks.pdfhttps://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/networks/documents/service-innovation-through-smart-networks.pdfhttps://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/networks/documents/service-innovation-through-smart-networks.pdfhttps://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/networks/documents/service-innovation-through-smart-networks.pdf
“Societal Security and Trust” Apr2019, Josef NollBasicInternet.org @Basic4all
6G (#5GforAll) for digital inclusion
!24
[Adapted from: Service Innovation through Smart Networks, Ericsson, 2018]
Interne
t lite
All members of the
Society
Fri acccess to informationDisposable incomeS
tand
ard
Bas
ic
“3.9 Billio
n People
are not
connected
”
[Internet
Governme
nt Forum,
2018]
“In 2020
45% of
connectio
ns in Afric
a (SSA)
are still 2G
connectio
ns”
[Ericsson
: Service
Innovatio
n]
8% no Internet
26% no Mobile Broadband
http://BasicInternet.orgttps://twitter.com/@Basic4all
“Societal Security and Trust” Apr2019, Josef NollBasicInternet.org @Basic4all !25
And what
about Io
T?
https://www.accessnow.org/cant-reach-u-n-goals-sustainable-development-without-internet/
http://BasicInternet.orgttps://twitter.com/@Basic4allhttps://www.accessnow.org/cant-reach-u-n-goals-sustainable-development-without-internet/https://www.accessnow.org/cant-reach-u-n-goals-sustainable-development-without-internet/https://www.accessnow.org/cant-reach-u-n-goals-sustainable-development-without-internet/https://www.accessnow.org/cant-reach-u-n-goals-sustainable-development-without-internet/
“Societal Security and Trust” Apr2019, Josef NollBasicInternet.org @Basic4all
Internet lite for all the catalyst for the goals
!26
Internet Lite for AllTarget 9.C Target 16.10
http://BasicInternet.orgttps://twitter.com/@Basic4all
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust !27
Inclusivenes
s - Trust - Ca
pacity
United Natio
ns High Leve
l Panel on D
igital
Cooperation
2019
Apr2019, Josef NollSocietal Security and Trust
Societal Trust - Discussion! Digital Inclusion
➡ Catalyst for the SDGs ➡ Innovative Society
! Mobile evolution ➡ from technology ➡ to services ➡ to societal empowerment
! Internet Lite for All ➡ free access to information
!28
http://www.6gsummit.com
Norway’s wealth: Oil, now data, for
societal empowerment and wealthy society[Source: aftenposten.no]
http://aftenposten.no