Soft QCD at CMS and ATLAS - Institut national de physique...

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Soft QCD at CMS and ATLAS

Pavel Starovoitov

on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations

Kirchhoff-Institut fur Physik, Heidelberg, Deutschland

March 22, 2018

Pavel Starovoitov (KIP HD) Soft QCD at CMS and ATLAS Moriond QCD 1 / 16

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Introduction

Hadron-hadron collision eventhas very complicated structure

I Underlying eventI Multiple parton interactionI Soft radiationI Hadronisation

Soft QCD measurementsI Test our understanding of

physics at low-xI Improve modelling of hadron

collisionsI Crucial for LHC Run-2-3 and

HL-LHC R&D as well as forfuture colliders


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Inelastic cross-section @ 13 TeV(CMS)

2015√

s = 13TeV datasetlow pileup runsLint = 40.8µb−1 : B=3.8 TLint = 28.0µb−1 : B=0 T“zero bias” trigger(single/empty bunch triggersfor backgrounds)Event counts are corrected fordetector noise and pileupMeasurements are unfolded toparticle level

Runs Ncor/(NZB FZB) λ FiducialB = 3.8 T (%) cross section ( mb)

ξ > 10−6

254989 98.5 0.52 67.35 ± 0.05255019 99.9 0.54 67.66 ± 0.04255029 99.3 0.54 67.50 ± 0.04

Runs Ncor/(NZB FZB) λ FiducialB = 0 T (%) cross section ( mb)

ξX > 10−7 or ξY > 10−6

247324 98.5 0.05 68.88 ± 0.49247920 98.9 0.34 68.63 ± 0.08247934 98.8 0.32 68.63 ± 0.09

Summary of systematicuncertainties

σ(ξ > 10−6) σ(ξX > 10−7 or ξY > 10−6)( mb) ( mb)

Model dependence 0.68 0.39HF energy scale uncertainty 0.35 0.14CASTOR energy scale uncertainty — 0.04Run-to-run variation 0.15 0.14

Total 0.78 0.45

Integrated luminosity uncertainty 1.55 1.58


ξ = M2/s, M - inv. mass of diss. syst.

arXiv:1802.02613

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Inelastic cross-section @ 13 TeV(CMS)

-6 > 10ξ -6 > 10Y

ξ or -7 > 10X

ξ

[mb]

σ

65

70

75

80

85CMS ATLAS

EPOS LHC QGSJETII-04

PYTHIA6 Z2* (SS) PYTHIA8 CUETP8M1 (SS)

PYTHIA8 Monash (DL) PYTHIA8 MBR

13 TeVCMS


arXiv:1802.02613

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Diffractive processes contribution to forward photons

3h run in 12-13 June 2015stable pp

√s = 13 TeV

Lint = 0.19± 0.04 nb−1

µ ∼ 0.01,σinel = 78.1± 2.9 mb

one photon with Eγ > 200 GeVin LHCfno tracks in ATLASrejects non-diffract.contribution

I < 2% contributionI diffract. events purity ∼ 99%

Measurements are correctedfor photon and trackefficiencies and presented atthe particle level

First joint ATLAS and LHCfanalysis

trackN0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

/LH

Cf t

rigge

rtr

ack

N

3−10

2−10

1−10

1PYTHIA8212DLATLAS-LHCf Preliminary

-1 = 13 TeV, 0.191 nbs

DataMC folded (total)MC folded (diff.)MC folded (SD)

trackN0 1 2 3 4 5

/LH

Cf t

rigge

rtr

ack

N

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20


ATLAS-CONF-2017-075

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region A : 10.94 < η; ∆φ < 180o

Photon Energy [GeV]

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

]-1

[GeV

γ/d

Eγ

dN

inel

1/N

11−10

10−10

9−10

8−10

7−10

6−10

5−10ATLAS-LHCf Preliminary

-1 = 13 TeV, 0.191 nbs

°=180φ∆>10.94, η

Data LHCf-Arm1, arXiv:1703.07678

=0, ATLAS-CONF-2017-075chData N

Syst. + Stat. Unc. LHCf-Arm1

=0ch

Syst. + Stat. Unc. N

EPOS-LHC

QGSJET-II-04

SIBYLL2.3

PYTHIA8212DL

=0chEPOS-LHC N

=0chQGSJET-II-04 N

=0chSIBYLL2.3 N

=0chPYTHIA8212DL N

region B :8.81 < η < 8.99; ∆φ < 20o

Photon Energy [GeV]

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

]-1

[GeV

γ/d

Eγ

dN

inel

1/N

11−10

10−10

9−10

8−10

7−10

6−10

5−10ATLAS-LHCf Preliminary

-1 = 13 TeV, 0.191 nbs

°=20φ∆<8.99, η8.81<

Data LHCf-Arm1, arXiv:1703.07678

=0, ATLAS-CONF-2017-075chData N

Syst. + Stat. Unc. LHCf-Arm1

=0ch

Syst. + Stat. Unc. N

EPOS-LHC

QGSJET-II-04

SIBYLL2.3

PYTHIA8212DL

=0chEPOS-LHC N

=0chQGSJET-II-04 N

=0chSIBYLL2.3 N

=0chPYTHIA8212DL N

photon spectrum with Nch = 0 requirement and inclusive Eγ (for comparison)


ATLAS-CONF-2017-075

−135o < φ < 45o

80o < φ < 100o

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region A :10.94 < η; ∆φ < 180o

Photon Energy [GeV]1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

] γ/d

Eγ

=0)

] / [d

Nch

(N γ/d

Eγ

[dN

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1ATLAS-LHCf Preliminary

-1 = 13 TeV, 0.191 nbs°=180φ∆>10.94, η

Data LHCf-Arm1Syst. + Stat. Unc.EPOS-LHCQGSJET-II-04SIBYLL2.3PYTHIA8212DL

Pythia is too high. SYBILL 2.3 istoo low.

region B :8.81 < η < 8.99; ∆φ < 20o

Photon Energy [GeV]1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

] γ/d

Eγ

=0)

] / [d

Nch

(N γ/d

Eγ

[dN

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1ATLAS-LHCf Preliminary

-1 = 13 TeV, 0.191 nbs°=20φ∆<8.99, η8.81<

Data LHCf-Arm1Syst. + Stat. Unc.EPOS-LHCQGSJET-II-04SIBYLL2.3PYTHIA8212DL

SYBILL 2.3 is too low. EPOS andPythia are in good agreement withdata


ATLAS-CONF-2017-075

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Dijet events with a large rapidity gap (CMS)

jet

jet

GAP

p

p

tracksN0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Eve

nts

40−

20−

0

20

40

60

80

100

120 CMS

= 100-200 GeV jet2

Tp (7 TeV)-18 pb

Data - background (NBD fit)

HERWIG 6 (normalized, no MPI)

2010 dataset√

s = 7 TeV

Lint = 8 pb−1

primary vertices Npr. vert. < 2two anti-kt R=0.5 jets:pT > 40 GeV; 1.5 < |ηjet| < 4.7ηjet1ηjet2 < 0Ntracks < 2(3) in |η| < 1 forpjet2

T < 100(200) GeVSource 40–60 GeV 60–100 GeV 100–200 GeVJet energy scale (up) −2.7 −3.8 −0.6Jet energy scale (down) +7.5 −9.6 +3.5Track pT threshold +5.9 +7.4 −1.7Tracks quality +0.5 −2.6 −0.8Background subtraction ±14.1 ±0.9 ±1.9

Total systematic −14.4,+17.1 −10.7,+7.5 −2.8,+4.0Statistical ±23 ±22 ±15


arXiv:1710.02586

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Dijet events with a large rapidity gap (CMS)pjet2

T range (GeV) 〈pjet2T 〉 (GeV) fCSE (%)

40–60 46.6 0.57± 0.13+0.09−0.08

60–100 71.2 0.54± 0.12+0.04−0.06

100–200 120.1 0.97± 0.15+0.04−0.03

(GeV)T

jet2p0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

CS

E f

ract

ion

(%

)

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

Data| = 0.7%)2EEI (|S

| = 1.5%)2EEI (MPI, |S| from SCI)2EEI (MPI, |S

MT

< 1 ηGap region -1 < < 0 jet2η * jet1η

CMS

(7 TeV)-18 pb

jjη∆

3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7

CS

E f

ract

ion

(%

)0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Data| = 0.7%)2EEI (|S

| = 1.5%)2EEI (MPI, |S| from SCI)2EEI (MPI, |S

MT

< 1 ηGap region -1 < < 0 jet2η * jet1η

CMS

(7 TeV)-1 0.8 pb = 40-60 GeV jet2

Tp

pjet2T (GeV) 40–60 60–100 100–200

∆ηjj range 〈∆ηjj〉 fCSE (%) 〈∆ηjj〉 fCSE (%) 〈∆ηjj〉 fCSE (%)3–4 3.63 0.25± 0.20+0.15

−0.05 3.62 0.47± 0.19+0.09−0.02 3.61 0.78± 0.21+0.07

−0.124–5 4.46 0.41± 0.16+0.19

−0.13 4.45 0.47± 0.16+0.06−0.14 4.41 0.99± 0.23+0.11

−0.055–7 5.60 1.24± 0.32+0.11

−0.12 5.49 0.91± 0.32+0.07−0.30 5.37 1.95± 0.69+0.66

−0.29


MT= Mueller-TangEEI = Ekstedt-Enberg-Ingelman

arXiv:1710.02586

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Exclusive γγ → µ+µ− production (ATLAS)p

pp

p p

p p p

p'X

X

+

−

γ

γ

γ

γ

γ

γ

X'

''

µ

µ

+

−

µ

µ

+

−

µ

µ

p

p'

X

γ

γ

X

''

+

−

µ

µX

2015√

s = 13 TeV

two OS muons

I 12 GeV < mµµ < 70 GeVI pµT > 6 GeV in

12 GeV < mµµ < 30 GeVI pµT > 10 GeV in

30 GeV < mµµ

I pµµT < 2 GeVMuon track impact parameter(× sin θ) wrt event vertex< 0.5 mmVeto on additional chargedparticles activity

acoplanarity-µ+µ0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06

Eve

nts

/ 0.0

02500

1000

1500

2000

2500

ATLAS-1 = 13 TeV, 3.2 fbs

< 70 GeV-µ+µ12 GeV < m

Data

(post-fit)-µ+µ→γγExclusive

(post-fit)-µ+µ→γγS-diss -µ+µ→*γ + Z/-µ+µ→γγD-diss

acoplanarity-µ+µ0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06

Dat

a / M

C

0.81

1.2


Phys. Lett. B 777 (2018) 303

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Exclusive γγ → µ+µ− production (ATLAS)

Total cross sectionσexcl. fid.γγ→µµ = 3.12± 0.07(stat.)± 0.14(syst.) pb

σEPAγγ→µµ = 3.56± 0.05 pb σEPA, corr.

γγ→µµ = 3.06± 0.05 pbσ

SuperChic2γγ→µµ = 3.45± 0.05 pb

Differential cross section

[GeV]-µ+µm0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

[pb/

GeV

]- µ

+ µ /

dmσd

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

-1 = 13 TeV, 3.2 fbsATLAS

DataStat. uncertainty

syst. uncertainty⊕Stat.

EPASuperChic2EPA + finite-size correctionTheory uncertainty

[GeV]-µ+µm0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70T

heo.

/ Dat

a

0.91

1.11.2

s> / -µ+µ<m

-310 -310×2 -310×3 -210

EP

Aσ

/ m

eas.

σ

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

ATLAS

< 70 GeV-µ+µ = 13 TeV, 12 < msATLAS

> 11.5 GeV-µ+µ = 7 TeV, msCMS

> 20 GeV-µ+µ = 7 TeV, msATLAS

> 45 GeV-µ+µ = 8 TeV, msATLAS

EPA + finite-size correctionSuperChic2

Stat. uncertainty syst. uncertainty⊕Stat.

Theo. uncertainty

-310×5


Phys. Lett. B 777 (2018) 303

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Constraints on the double parton scattering fromsame-sign WW production (CMS)

2012√

s = 8 TeV

Lint = 19.7 fb−1

same-sign µµ and eµ pairs (ee is notconsidered due to charge misID)

Dimuon channel Electron-muon channelPair of same-sign leptons

Leading lepton pT > 20 GeVSubleading lepton pT > 10 GeV

No third isolated and identified lepton with pT > 10 GeVpmiss

T > 20 GeVm`` > 20 GeV

m`` /∈ [75, 105] GeV —|pTµ1

|+ |pTµ2| > 45 GeV —

— No b-tagged jet with pT > 30 GeV and |η| < 2.1

Background evaluationRegion 1 Region 2Only one loose lepton with pT > 10 GeV Only one loose lepton with pT > 10 GeVmT(`, pmiss

T ) < 20 GeV mT(`, pmissT ) < 20 GeV

pmissT < 20 GeV pmiss

T < 20 GeV— At least one b-tagged jet with pT > 30 GeV

and |η| < 2.1


JHEP 02 (2018) 032

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Constraints on the double parton scattering fromsame-sign WW production (CMS)

Multivariate analysis

BDT output0.8− 0.6− 0.4− 0.2− 0

Dat

a/M

C

00.5

1

1.52

BDT

0.8− 0.6− 0.4− 0.2− 0

Eve

nts/

bin

2−10

1−10

1

10

210

310

410

510

610

710 prompt-misid. WW DPS Datamisid-misid. WW SPS Syst⊕Stat WZ/ZZ *γW

±µ±µ

CMS (8 TeV)-119.7 fb

σeff >σ2

W + +σ2W−

2σDPSW±W±

= 12.2mb

compatible with othermeasurements

[pb]DPS±W±W

σ95% CL Limit on 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Combined

µe

µµ

Observed LimitExpected Limit

1 s.d.±Expected 2 s.d.±Expected

PYTHIA 8 predictionFactorization approach

CMS (8 TeV)-119.7 fb

95% CL Dimuon Electron-muon CombinedExpected 0.67 pb 0.78 pb 0.48 pbExpected ±1σ [0.46, 1.00] pb [0.52, 1.16] pb [0.33, 0.72] pbExpected ±2σ [0.34, 1.45] pb [0.37, 1.71] pb [0.24, 1.04] pb

Observed 0.72 pb 0.64 pb 0.32 pb


JHEP 02 (2018) 032

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Ordered hadronic chains (ATLAS)

2010√

s = 7 TeV

Lint = 190 µb−1

Prim. vert. with Ntr > 2 . Noother prim. vert. with Ntr > 3track impact param < 1.5 mmvrt prim. vert.→ 10 mio events with 200 miotracks

correlation functions:

∆(Q) = 1Nch

[N(Q)OS − N(Q)LS

] Q [GeV]

-110 1(Q

)6

0

0.002

0.004

0.006 -1bµ= 7 TeV, 190 sData,

inclusive6

< 0.59 GeV3h, m3h6

region of adjustment

ATLAS

∆3h(Q) = 1Nch

Nev∑k=1

nkch∑

i,j=1,i 6=jωi

{12δ(Q −Q i

01) + 12δ(Q −Q i

12)− δ(Q −Q i02)}


Phys. Rev. D 96 (2017) 092008

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Ordered hadronic chains (ATLAS)

CS = −∫

∆<0 ∆(Q)dQCCS

(mcut

3h

)= −

∫∆3h<0 ∆3h(Q)dQ

Parameter mcut3h (input)

[MeV] 580 590 600 interpolationCCS/CS ±σ(stat) 0.88 ± 0.02 0.99 ± 0.02 1.09 ± 0.02 1.00 ± 0.02 (stat) ± 0.07 (syst)mcut

3h adjusted 591 ± 2 (stat) ± 7 (syst)

Q [GeV]0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

(Q)

6

0

0.002

0.004

0.006

DataHerwig++ PYTHIA8 PYTHIA8, rank diff < 2

-1bµ= 7 TeV, 190sATLAS

Q [GeV]0.1 0.2 0.3

(Q)

3h6

-0.001

0

0.001

DataHerwig++PYTHIA8

ATLAS

-1bµ = 7 TeV, 190 s


Phys. Rev. D 96 (2017) 092008

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Summary

Measurements in soft QCD play an important role in validatingtheory predictions and tuning model parametersThis talk presents recent ATLAS and CMS results on

I Inelastic cross sectionI Double parton scatteringI Diffractive processesI Exclusive productionI Hadronisation

More resultsI https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-

results/publications/FSQ/index.htmlI https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/StandardModelPublicResults


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Back-up


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trackN0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

/LH

Cf t

rigge

rtr

ack

N

3−10

2−10

1−10

1EPOS-LHCATLAS-LHCf Preliminary

-1 = 13 TeV, 0.191 nbs

Data

MC folded (total)

MC folded (diff.)

MC folded (SD)

trackN0 1 2 3 4 5

/LH

Cf t

rigge

rtr

ack

N

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

trackN0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

/LH

Cf t

rigge

rtr

ack

N3−10

2−10

1−10

1QGSJET-II-04ATLAS-LHCf Preliminary

-1 = 13 TeV, 0.191 nbs

DataMC folded (total)MC folded (diff.)MC folded (SD)

trackN0 1 2 3 4 5

/LH

Cf t

rigge

rtr

ack

N

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20


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Dijet events with large rapidity gap

tracksN0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Eve

nts

1

10

210

310CMS

(7 TeV)-10.05 pb = 40-60 GeV jet2

Tp

Data

> 3)tracks

PYTHIA 6 (normalized for N

= 0)tracks

HERWIG 6 (normalized at N

tracksN0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Dat

a/(H

ER

WIG

6+P

YT

HIA

6)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

tracksN0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Eve

nts

1

10

210

310CMS

(7 TeV)-10.41 pb = 60-100 GeV jet2

Tp

Data

> 3)tracks


= 0)tracks


tracksN0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Dat

a/(H

ER

WIG

6+P

YT

HIA

6)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

tracksN0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Eve

nts

1

10

210

310CMS

(7 TeV)-18 pb = 100-200 GeV jet2

Tp

Data

> 3)tracks


= 0)tracks


tracksN0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Dat

a/(H

ER

WIG

6+P

YT

HIA

6)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2


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Dijet events with large rapidity gap

(GeV)T

jet1p40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

Eve

nts

/ 10

GeV

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

= 0)tracks

Data (N

PYTHIA 6 (normalized)

HERWIG 6 (normalized)

CMS

= 40-60 GeV jet2

Tp (7 TeV)-10.05 pb

(GeV)T

jet2p40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Eve

nts

/ 10

GeV

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

= 0)tracks

Data (N



CMS

= 40-60 GeV jet2

Tp (7 TeV)-10.05 pb

(GeV)T

jet1p40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

Eve

nts

/ 10

GeV

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

= 0)tracks

Data (N



CMS

= 60-100 GeV jet2

Tp (7 TeV)-10.41 pb

(GeV)T

jet2p40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Eve

nts

/ 10

GeV

0

5

10

15

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25

30

= 0)tracks

Data (N



CMS

= 60-100 GeV jet2

Tp (7 TeV)-10.41 pb

(GeV)T

jet1p40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

Eve

nts

/ 10

GeV

0

5

10

15

20

25

30 = 0)tracks

Data (N



CMS

= 100-200 GeV jet2

Tp (7 TeV)-18 pb

(GeV)T

jet2p40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Eve

nts

/ 10

GeV

0

5

10

15

20

25

30 = 0)

tracksData (N



CMS

= 100-200 GeV jet2

Tp (7 TeV)-18 pb

(GeV)T

jet2p0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

CS

E f

ract

ion

(%

)0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

< 1 ηGap region -1 < < 0 jet2η * jet1η = 7 TeV)sCMS (pp,

(R = 0.5)t

| < 4.7, anti-kjet1,2η1.5 < |

= 1.8 TeV)s, pD0 (p

| < 4.1, Cone (R = 0.7)jet1,2η1.9 < |

= 1.8 TeV)s, pCDF (p

| < 3.5, Cone (R = 0.7)jet1,2η1.8 < |


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Exclusive muon pair production

p

pp

p p

p p p

p'X

X

+

−

γ

γ

γ

γ

γ

γ

X'

''

µ

µ

+

−

µ

µ

+

−

µ

µ

p

p'

X

γ

γ

X

''

+

−

µ

µX


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Exclusive muon pair production

Tracks associated with dimuon vertex10

Eve

nts

1

10

210

310

410

510

610

710

810 ATLAS-1 = 13 TeV, 3.2 fbs

Baseline selection

< 105 GeV-µ+µ70 GeV < m

Data model. uncertaintychDY N

-µ+µ→*γZ/Multijet

-τ+τ→*γZ/tt

-µ+µ→γγD-diss (post-fit)-µ+µ→γγS-diss


Tracks associated with dimuon vertex2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 20 30 40

Dat

a / M

C

0.8

1

1.2 Tracks associated with dimuon vertex10

Eve

nts

1

10

210

310

410

510

610

710

810 ATLAS-1 = 13 TeV, 3.2 fbs

Baseline selection

> 105 GeV-µ+µor m

< 70 GeV-µ+µ12 GeV < m



-τ+τ→*γZ/tt



Tracks associated with dimuon vertex2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 20 30 40

Dat

a / M

C

0.8

1

1.2

[GeV]-µ+µm0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Eve

nts

/ 5 G

eV

1

10

210

310

410

510

610 ATLAS-1 = 13 TeV, 3.2 fbs

+ 1 mm vertex isolationBaseline selection



-τ+τ→*γZ/tt



[GeV]-µ+µm0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Dat

a / M

C

0.8

1

1.2 [GeV]

-µ+µT

p0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Eve

nts

/ 0.7

5 G

eV

1

10

210

310

410

510

610 ATLAS

-1 = 13 TeV, 3.2 fbs

< 70 GeV-µ+µ+ 12 GeV < m+ 1 mm vertex isolationBaseline selection



-τ+τ→*γZ/tt



[GeV]-µ+µ

Tp

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Dat

a / M

C

0.8

1

1.2


Not

revi

ewed

,for

inte

rnal

circ

ulat

ion

only

Hadronic chains


Not

revi

ewed

,for

inte

rnal

circ

ulat

ion

only

Hadronic chains

Q [GeV]

-110 1

(Q)

6

0

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004-1bµ190 = 7 TeV sUncorrected data,

(inclusive) 6

< 0.54 GeV3h

, m3h6

< 0.59 GeV3h

, m3h6

< 0.64 GeV3h

, m3h6

ATLAS


Not

revi

ewed

,for

inte

rnal

circ

ulat

ion

only

.


Date post:	22-May-2020
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