Soil and Weathering Review

Soil Formation & Geologic TimeTest reviewNumber your paper from 1 to 3

Read each question and write down your answer

Check the next slide for the correct answer

Please do not look ahead for the answers-it will not help you prepare for the test Question 1In a soil profile, a dark layer composed of decaying plant matter and humus is:

Horizon A Horizon BHorizon DHorizon OQuestion 1In a soil profile, a dark layer composed of decaying plant matter and humus is:

Horizon A Horizon BHorizon DHorizon O

Question 2In a soil profile, leaching takes place in:

Horizon AHorizon BHorizon DHorizon OQuestion 2In a soil profile, leaching takes place in:

Horizon AHorizon BHorizon DHorizon O

Question 3Soil will form most quickly in a climate that is:

Warm and moistWarm and dryCold and moistCold and dryQuestion 3Soil will form most quickly in a climate that is:

Warm and moistWarm and dryCold and moistCold and dry

Question 4In a soil profile, the dark layer called topsoil is:

Horizon AHorizon BHorizon DHorizon OQuestion 4In a soil profile, the dark layer called topsoil is:

Horizon AHorizon BHorizon DHorizon O

Question 5Earthworms are in soil because they do all of the following EXCEPT:

Help plants get nitrogen from the atmosphereLoosen soil so water can get into the soilLoosen the soil so air can get into the soilEnrich the soil with their waste productsQuestion 5Earthworms are in soil because they do all of the following EXCEPT:

Help plants get nitrogen from the atmosphereLoosen soil so water can get into the soilLoosen the soil so air can get into the soilEnrich the soil with their waste products

Question 6The organic matter in nature produced by bacterial decay of plant and animal matter is known as:SedimentHumusCompostSoilQuestion 6The organic matter in nature produced by bacterial decay of plant and animal matter is known as:

SedimentHumusCompostSoilQuestion 7The BEST soil for growing crops contains:

HumusHumus and waterHumus, water and airHumus, water, air and mineralsQuestion 7The BEST soil for growing crops contains:

HumusHumus and waterHumus, water and airHumus, water, air and minerals

Question 8Components of soil include:

BacteriaAirWaterAll of the aboveQuestion 8Components of soil include:

BacteriaAirWaterAll of the above

Question 9Fossils are most often formed from which parts of a dead organism?

The entire bodySoft partsThe organisms skinHard partsQuestion 9Fossils are most often formed from which parts of a dead organism?

The entire bodySoft partsThe organisms skinHard parts

Question 10The best soil from growing crops contains:

HumusHumus and waterHumus, water, and airHumus, water, air, and mineralsQuestion 10The best soil from growing crops contains:

HumusHumus and waterHumus, water, and airHumus, water, air, and minerals

Brain Break

Question 11When fossils are used to determine the relative age of layers of rock it is known as:

Faunal successionInclusionRelative datingCross-cuttingQuestion 11When fossils are used to determine the relative age of layers of rock it is known as:

Faunal successionInclusionRelative datingCross-cutting

Question 12The correct order of events for fossil formation is:Soft body parts decay, sediments are deposited and cover organisms, sediments and hard parts become rockSediments are deposited and cover organism, soft body parts decay, sediments and hard parts become rockHard and soft body parts decay and become rockSediments cover organism and all body parts decayQuestion 12The correct order of events for fossil formation is:

Soft body parts decay, sediments are deposited and cover organisms, sediments and hard parts become rockSediments are deposited and cover organism, soft body parts decay, sediments and hard parts become rockHard and soft body parts decay and become rockSediments cover organism and all body parts decay

Question 13A method of putting events in the order in which they happened is known as:

The law of superpositionLateral continuityRelative datingCross-cuttingQuestion 13A method of putting events in the order in which they happened is known as:

The law of superpositionLateral continuityRelative datingCross-cutting

Question 14Relative dating uses various clues to figure out:

The exact age of an objectThe order of events over timeThe color of an objectThe behaviors of an organismQuestion 14Relative dating uses various clues to figure out:

The exact age of an objectThe order of events over timeThe color of an objectThe behaviors of an organism

Question 15The fact that the layers of rock on one side of the Grand Canyon match up with the layers on the other side of the canyon illustrates:

Original horizontalityLateral continuitySuperpositionRelative dating

Question 15The fact that the layers of rock on one side of the Grand Canyon match up with the layers on the other side of the canyon illustrates:

Original horizontalityLateral continuitySuperpositionRelative dating

Question 16The theory of cross-cutting relationships states that a vein of rock that cuts across a rocks layers is:

Younger than the rock layersOlder than the rock layersThe same age as the rock layersThe same type of rock as the rock layersQuestion 16The theory of cross-cutting relationships states that a vein of rock that cuts across a rocks layers is:

Younger than the rock layersOlder than the rock layersThe same age as the rock layersThe same type of rock as the rock layersQuestion 17The law that states that the bottom layer of a rock formation is older than the layer on top is known as:

The law of lateral continuityThe law of superpositionThe law of relative datingThe law of original horizontalityQuestion 17The law that states that the bottom layer of a rock formation is older than the layer on top is known as:

The law of lateral continuityThe law of superpositionThe law of relative datingThe law of original horizontality

Question 18In the geologic time scale, major periods of time are divided into:

Years and monthsEras and periodsCenturies and periods Eras and decadesQuestion 18In the geologic time scale, major periods of time are divided into:

Years and monthsEras and periodsCenturies and periods Eras and decades

Question 19The largest divisions of time on the geologic time scale are known as:

ErasPeriodsCenturiesDecades

Question 19The largest divisions of time on the geologic time scale are known as:

ErasPeriodsCenturiesDecades

Question 20According to the geologic time scale, in which era did humans first appear?

PaleozoicMesozoicCenozoicPercambrianQuestion 20According to the geologic time scale, in which era did humans first appear?

PaleozoicMesozoicCenozoicPercambrian

Brain Break

Question 21Millions of years ago, the continents were once a great landmass that has been named:

PangaeaLithospheric PlateGlossopterisSupercontinent

Question 21Millions of years ago, the continents were once a great landmass that has been named:

PangaeaLithospheric PlateGlossopterisSupercontinent

Question 22Which of the following best explains why the same types of fossils are found spread on different continents?

The separation and movement of Pangaea into todays continentsThe superposition principleAbsolute datingOriginal horizontality

Question 22Which of the following best explains why the same types of fossils are found spread on different continents?

The separation and movement of Pangaea into todays continentsThe superposition principleAbsolute datingOriginal horizontality

Question 23The process of breaking down rock is called:

ErosionDepositionWeatheringSedimentationQuestion 23The process of breaking down rock is called:

ErosionDepositionWeatheringSedimentation

Question 24How does Earths internal energy provide a driving source for weathering?

It causes the movement of the lithospheric platesIt causes the water cycleIt causes the weatherAll of the aboveQuestion 24How does Earths internal energy provide a driving source for weathering?

It causes the movement of the lithospheric platesIt causes the water cycleIt causes the weatherAll of the above

Question 25How are weathering and erosion different?

Weathering moves sediment from place to place, while erosion produces sedimentWeathering produces sediment, while erosion moves sediment from place to placeWeathering produces erosionErosion produces weathering

Question 25How are weathering and erosion different?

Weathering moves sediment from place to place, while erosion produces sedimentWeathering produces sediment, while erosion moves sediment from place to placeWeathering produces erosionErosion produces weatheringQuestion 26Weathering breaks rock into bits and pieces called:

BeddingSedimentCrystals MeandersQuestion 26Weathering breaks rock into bits and pieces called:

BeddingSedimentCrystals Meanders

Question 27Which of the following would help farmers prevent erosion on their fields?

Plant groundcoverRemove grassesRemove topsoilPlow down a slopeQuestion 27Which of the following would help farmers prevent erosion on their fields?

Plant groundcoverRemove grassesRemove topsoilPlow down a slope

Question 28If soil is aerated it always contains:

InsectsBacteriaAirWaterQuestion 28If soil is aerated it always contains:

InsectsBacteriaAirWater

Question 29Erosion can be caused by:

Grazing of livestockDeforestationConstructionAll of the aboveQuestion 29Erosion can be caused by:

Grazing of livestockDeforestationConstructionAll of the above

Question 30Which of the books in the picture has been on the pile for the least amount of time?

BottomSecond from bottomTopSecond from top

Question 30Which of the books in the picture has been on the pile for the least amount of time?

BottomSecond from bottomTopSecond from top

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