SOL LOOSE ENDS & TIPSBEFORE SOL•Eat a good breakfast
•Get a good night sleep
•Study vocab –
•Practice SOL’s online quizzes
WHILE TAKING TEST•USE TOOLS (computer, paper, dictionary)
•Study the picture/graph/diagram before you read question
•Use Process of Elimination (usually 2 easy wrong answers)
•Reread questions & use common sense approach
•Interpret graphs with each answer:
•Multiple answers ?’s – start with easiest answer first!
•Don’t be intimidated – go after the test like it owes you money!
VIRUSNON-LIVING! – have DNA, reproduce, evolve but needs a host cell. (very small & nonliving!)
• Pathogens- things that can cause disease - ex flu & HIV
•Treatment : Prevention with Vaccinations
•Virus (antibodies + Immune system )
•Immunity can be boosted by Vaccines.
BACTERIAUnicellular, prokaryotic organisms belonging to Kingdoms Eubacteria and Archaebacteria ~ cell wall
• Pathogens- things that can cause disease - Strep throat, E. Coli
•Treatment : Antibiotics
•Antibiotic resistance: bacteria reproduction so fast that they are evolving to fight off antibiotics
2 Kingdoms
Eubacteria Archaebacteria
PROTISTSunicellular & eukaryotic: evolved into plants animals & fungi.
• Protozoans - classified by movement
•Plant Like: Fungi like: BOTH! EUGLENA
FUNGIEukaryotic- mostly multicellular organisms – cell walls –more than one nucleus ~~~Decomposers or Parasites ~~~. •Examples:
•Mushrooms, mildew, mold
& YEAST(a unicellular fungi)
•Reproduce Asex: by: SPORES
•Fungi used in:
•Making antibiotics
•Cheese
•Food
PLANTS1. - contains eukaryotic, multicellular, photosynthetic organisms. ~
Have Cell Wall, Chloroplasts
2. Land plants evolved from GREEN ALGAE.
ANIMALS - InvertebratesWithout a backbone
• INCLUDES:
•SPONGES (porifera)
•Cnidarians (jellyfish & coral)
•Worms
•Mollusks
•Insects
•Crustaceans arthropods
•Arachnids (segmented body)
PHYLUM INVERTEBRATE CHARATREISTICS(without a backbone)
EXAMPLES
Sponges(porifera)
Asymetry, filter feeder, asexual reproduction Sponges
Cnidarians(cnidarian)
Stinging cells, nerve net, asexual or sexual, radial symmetry
Jellyfish, Coral
MOLLUSKS(mollusca)
Soft bodied, unsegmented, “stomach foot” cold blooded, open circulatory system
Snail, slugs, clams, musselsoctopus
Annelids(Annelida)
Segemented bodies, closed circulatory system Earthwormsleeches
ARTHROPODS(arthropoda)
Segmented bodies “Jointed” Exoskeleton, molting (shedding) for growth,
Cold Blooded, most diverse class Bilateral symmetry,
Invertebrate
3 DIFFERENT CLASSESCrusteacea:
crayfish, crabs, lobsterInsecta:
bee, butterfly, ant.Arachnids:
Ticks, spiders, Scorpians
ANIMALS - VertebratesWith a backbone
• INCLUDES: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals•Ectothermic
•Endothermic
•Ectoskeleton
•Endoskeleton
PHYLUM CHORDATA
CLASS
VERTEBRATE CHARATREISTICS(with a backbone)
EXAMPLES
FISH Cold blooded, lay eggs, endoskeleton, Bilateral symmetry Trout, shark
AMPHIBANS Live on both land and water, lay eggs, Bilateral symmetry, cold blooded (ectothermic)
Frogs, salamandars
REPTILES(reptilia)
Cold blooded (most), Scales, Ectothermic, Internal fertilization but lay eggs
lay leathery eggs on land (evolutionary advantage)scales led to feathers in birds
LizardTurtleSnake
BIRDS (aves) Feathers, (most fly)Internal fertilization but lay eggs
warm blooded, closed circulatory system,hollow bones (adaptation for flight)
4 chambered heart (energy)
OwlHawk
Penquin
MAMMALS(mammalia)
Mammary glands, Hair, live young,Internal fertilization & gestation
closed circulatory system, endoSkeleton,hollow bones (adaptation for flight)
4 chambered heart (energy)
HumansDogCat
MouseRat
Monkey
Population Growth Curves
BOOM and BUST:
TYPE of GROWTH CURVES
CURVE SHAPE WHAT CAUSES IT? EXAMPLES
Exponential Growth:
SHOW:SHOW:
Population Growth Curves
SAW TOOTH:
TYPE of GROWTH CURVES
CURVE SHAPE WHAT CAUSES IT? EXAMPLES
S-shaped curve:
SHOW: