Biswajit BiswasDepartment of Chemical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi

DESALINATION OF SEA WATER BY SOLAR ENERGY

MILLIONS LACK FRESH WATER AROUND THE WORLD!!

MILLIONS LACK FRESH WATER AROUND THE WORLD!!

Source: water.org

RELEVANCE TO WATER CRISIS :

RELEVANCE TO WATER CRISIS :

WHAT IS THE WAY OUT?

WHAT IS THE WAY OUT?

SOLAR STILL

SOLAR STILL

Multi-Stage Flash Distillation (MSF)

Multi-Stage Flash Distillation (MSF)

Process of multi stage flash distillation:

Process of multi stage flash distillation:

Multiple Effect Distillation

(MED)Multiple Effect Distillation (MED)

Process of Multiple Effect Distillation plant:

Process of Multiple Effect Distillation plant:

Future option of Desalination:

Future option of Desalination:

COST/ BENEFIT ANALYSIS:

The benefits of desalination are straightforward: more water. The drawback, unfortunately, is the cost.

Regardless most people would avoid paying 3-4 times more for anything if they do not have to . If a region’s water supply is currently meeting the needs of the people in a sustainable manner, then switching to desalination, is not an urgent issue.

If the supply is unsustainable and the rate consumption is high, then some action must be taken to insure that future generations will have access to water.

Desalination will be appropriate if the area is then either rapidly running out of water or if the effort it would take to make the water supply sustainable is not feasible.

SOLUTIONS TO THE ISSUE !!

People must know what awaits in

future!!

• Countries will have to first do some preliminary research to make sure that there are locations within their borders where it is feasible to construct a desalination plant;

Market Demand ?

• To address these issues the respective countries have to develop an initiative based system to promote the further use of desalination.

Organise!!

Co-operation !!

• If a country meets these qualifications they can apply for the desalination plant. They will have to determine the most appropriate way to organize the funds for the construction of desalination plants on a case to case basis by cooperating with business, banks, and other resources willing to participate.

Make Blue Prints !!

• Additionally, drawing up the plans to implement desalination as well as physically making the blueprints for a plant will take another 2-3 years.

• Finally, building the plants themselves would take anywhere from another 3-4 years . As a result, they may expect to see the working effects of desalination as soon as 2023 if they begin as early as possible.

Can a desalination plant be a solution for poor countries affected by drinking water scarcity?

Can a desalination plant be a solution for poor countries affected by drinking water scarcity?

THE INDIAN SCENARIO !!

Location of Desalination plant in India

Source: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre

Negatives of Solar Desalination

Negatives of Solar Desalination

SO WHAT TO DO ??

SO WHAT TO DO ??

THANK YOU